sail
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English saile, sayle, seil, seyl, from Old English seġl, from Proto-West Germanic *segl, from Proto-Germanic *seglą. Cognate with West Frisian seil, Low German Segel, Dutch zeil, German Segel, Danish sejl, Swedish segel.
Noun edit
sail (countable and uncountable, plural sails)
- (nautical) A piece of fabric attached to a boat and arranged such that it causes the wind to drive the boat along. The sail may be attached to the boat via a combination of mast, spars and ropes.
- c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:
- When we haue laught to ſee the ſailes conceiue / And grow big bellied with the wanton winde; […]
- (nautical, uncountable) The concept of a sail or sails, as if a substance.
- Take in sail: a storm is coming.
- (uncountable) The power harnessed by a sail or sails, or the use of this power for travel or transport.
- A trip in a boat, especially a sailboat.
- Let's go for a sail.
- (dated, plural "sail") A sailing vessel; a vessel of any kind; a craft.
- Twenty sail were in sight.
- 1945 May and June, Charles E. Lee, “The Penrhyn Railway and its Locomotives—1”, in Railway Magazine, page 142, text published 1848:
- " […] The quay is upwards of 1,000 feet in length, and capable of accommodating more than 100 sail of traders; and there are generally a considerable number of vessels of from 40 to 300 tons burden, from various parts of the world, waiting to receive their cargoes."
- (nautical) The conning tower of a submarine.
- The blade of a windmill.
- A tower-like structure found on the dorsal (topside) surface of submarines.
- The floating organ of siphonophores, such as the Portuguese man-of-war.
- (fishing) A sailfish.
- We caught three sails today.
- (paleontology) an outward projection of the spine, occurring in certain dinosaurs and synapsids
- Anything resembling a sail, such as a wing.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 42:
- Like an eagle […] soaring / / To weather his broad sails.
Hyponyms edit
- See also Thesaurus:sail
Derived terms edit
- after-sail
- balloon sail
- by sail
- crowd sail
- drag sail
- drift sail
- electric sail
- full sail
- gaff sail
- knock the wind out of someone's sails
- light sail
- mackerel sky and mare's-tails make lofty ships carry low sails
- mackerel sky and mare's-tails make tall ships carry low sails
- mainsail
- make sail
- photon sail
- point of sail
- riding sail
- sailback
- sailboard
- sailboat
- sail-by
- sail-by salute
- sailcloth
- sail coat
- sail curve
- sailduck
- sailer
- sail fine
- sailfish
- sail-fluke
- sail foam
- sailing
- sail loft
- sail-plan
- sail sign
- sail vault
- sail wagon
- sailyard
- sail-yard
- sailyarn
- scudding sail
- set sail
- shoulder-of-mutton sail
- smoke sail
- solar sail
- spritsail
- square sail
- storm sail
- strike sail
- studding sail
- take the wind out of someone's sails
- topgallant sail
- topsail
- trim one's sails
- under sail
- working sail
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Etymology 2 edit
From Middle English sailen, saylen, seilen, seilien, from Old English seġlan, siġlan (“to sail”), from Proto-West Germanic *siglijan, from *siglijaną. Cognate with West Frisian sile, Low German seilen, Dutch zeilen, German segeln, Danish sejle, Swedish segla, Icelandic sigla.
Verb edit
sail (third-person singular simple present sails, present participle sailing, simple past and past participle sailed)
- To be impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails, as a ship on water; to be impelled on a body of water by steam or other power.
- 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto IX:
- Fair ship, that from the Italian shore,
Sailest the placid ocean-plains
With my lost Arthur’s loved remains,
Spread thy full wings, and waft him o’er.
- To move through or on the water; to swim, as a fish or a waterfowl.
- To ride in a boat, especially a sailboat.
- (intransitive) To set sail; to begin a voyage.
- We sail for Australia tomorrow.
- To move briskly and gracefully through the air.
- c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:
- As is a winged messenger of heaven, […] / When he bestrides the lazy pacing clouds, / And sails upon the bosom of the air.
- 2002 March 20, Kazuki Takahashi, Yu-Gi-Oh! Forbidden Memories (PlayStation video game, North American version), Konami:
- [flavor text of the card "Spirit of the Winds"] A spirit of the wind that freely sails the skies.
- 2011 April 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Norwich 2 - 1 Nott'm Forest”, in BBC Sport[1]:
- A hopeful ball from Forest right-back Brendan Moloney to the left edge of the area was met first by Ruddy but his attempted clearance rebounded off Tyson's leg and sailed in.
- (intransitive) To move briskly but sedately.
- The duchess sailed haughtily out of the room.
- (card games, transitive) To deal out (cards) from a distance by impelling them across a surface.
- 2007, Johnny Hughes, Texas Poker Wisdom, page 22:
- He would sit his hat across the room, and we would sail cards into it.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Further reading edit
- Sail on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Sail in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
Anagrams edit
Basque edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
sail
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English sail. Doublet of zeil.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sail n (plural sails)
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Irish sal, from Proto-Celtic *salā.
Noun edit
sail f (genitive singular saile)
- dirt, dross, impurity
- sail mhiotail ― metal dross
- stain, defilement
- sail pheaca ― the stain of sin
Declension edit
Bare forms (no plural form of this noun)
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Forms with the definite article
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Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “sal”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 589
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sail”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “sail” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Irish sail, from Proto-Celtic *salixs (whence also Welsh helyg, Breton halegen), seemingly from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂el-ik-s or sl̥h₂-ik-s. Cognate with Latin salix, Old English sealh (English sallow), and Ancient Greek ἑλίκη (helíkē), which all mean "willow", but the forms are hard to unify. The history of the word therefore must involve borrowing, possibly involving pre-Indo-European languages.[1]
Noun edit
sail f (genitive singular saileach, nominative plural saileacha)
Declension edit
Bare forms
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Forms with the definite article
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Variant declension:
Bare forms
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Forms with the definite article
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Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*salik-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sail”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “sail”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 587
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sail”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
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Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
sail | shail after an, tsail |
not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sail m (uncountable)
- Alternative form of saim (“fish oil”)
References edit
Volapük edit
Noun edit
sail (nominative plural sails)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Welsh seil, from Proto-Brythonic *söl, from Latin solea (“sole”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sail f (plural seiliau, not mutable)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sail”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies