Old Church Slavonic

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *o(b).

Prefix

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о- (o-)

  1. prefix added to verbs of motion: about, around
  2. prefix added to nouns: close by, around
  3. prefix added to verbs: completely, to the full extent

Derived terms

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Russian

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Alternative forms

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  • об- (ob-)before vowels
  • обо- (obo-)before certain consonant clusters

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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о- (o-)

  1. prefix added to adjectives or nouns to produce factitive verbs in conjunction with -ить (-itʹ), i.e. verbs with the meaning of making (someone or something) the mentioned characteristic or property
  2. prefix added to adjectives or nouns to produce fientive verbs in conjunction with -ить (-itʹ) + -ся (-sja) or with -еть (-etʹ), i.e. verbs with the meaning of becoming or receiving the mentioned characteristic or property
    о- (o-) + ‎зо́лото (zóloto, gold) + ‎-и́ть (-ítʹ) + ‎-ся (-sja) → ‎озолоти́ться (ozolotítʹsja, to receive gold; (figuratively) to get rich)
    о- (o-) + ‎зелёный (zeljónyj, green) + ‎-ить (-itʹ) + ‎-ся (-sja) → ‎озелени́ться (ozelenítʹsja, to become green; to become planted)
    о- (o-) + ‎безлю́дный (bezljúdnyj, uninhabited, depopulated) + ‎-еть (-etʹ) → ‎обезлю́деть (obezljúdetʹ, to become depopulated)
  3. prefix added to verbs of motion: about, around
    обо- (obo-) + ‎-йти́ (-jtí, to go) → ‎обойти́ (obojtí, to go around)
  4. prefix added to nouns: close by, around
    о- (o-) + ‎край (kraj, land, country) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎окра́ина (okráina, outskirts, periphery)
    о- (o-) + ‎бок (bok, side) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎обо́чина (obóčina, roadside, curb)
  5. prefix added to verbs: completely, to the full extent
  6. prefix added to verbs, with the suffix -ся (-sja): to fail at (some action)
    о- (o-) + ‎говори́ть (govorítʹ, to speak) + ‎-ся (-sja) → ‎оговори́ться (ogovorítʹsja, to make a slip of the tongue)
  7. prefix added to verbs, with the suffix -ся (-sja): to recover from (some action)
    о- (o-) + ‎ду́мать (dúmatʹ, to think) + ‎-ся (-sja) → ‎оду́маться (odúmatʹsja, to change one's mind)
    о- (o-) + ‎по́мнить (pómnitʹ, to remember) + ‎-ся (-sja) → ‎опо́мниться (opómnitʹsja, to regain consciousness)

Derived terms

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