o-

See also: о- and Appendix:Variations of "o"

EnglishEdit

NounEdit

o-

A blood type that has no antigens. It lacks the A, B and Rh factors on the blood cells. It is the universal donor for blood and can give blood to any blood type, but can only receive O- blood.

PrefixEdit

o-

(organic chemistry) ortho-

BasqueEdit

Alternative formsEdit

ot-

PrefixEdit

o-

combining form of ogi (“bread”)

Usage notesEdit

If the following element of the compound starts with /b/ or /ɡ/, these are devoiced to /p/ and /k/ respectively.
If the following element starts with a vowel, /s̺/ or /s̻/, the combining form ot- is used instead.

BavarianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

å- (East Central Bavaria)

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *ana, from Proto-Germanic *ana. Compare German an-, Dutch aan-, English on-.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /oː/ (West Central Bavaria)

PrefixEdit

o-

Separable verb prefix that indicates a direction, goal, destination and a contact made therein.
‎o- + ‎schraufn (“to screw”) → ‎oschraufn (“to screw on”)

‎o- + ‎greifn (“to grab, seize”) → ‎ogreifn (“to touch, handle”)

‎o- + ‎brenna (“to burn”) → ‎obrenna (“to scorch”)

Derived termsEdit

Bavarian terms prefixed with o-

CayugaEdit

PrefixEdit

o-

noun prefix

ReferencesEdit

Frances Froman; Alfred J. Keye; Lottie Keye; Carrie Dyck (2002) English-Cayuga/Cayuga-English Dictionary, University of Toronto, page 705

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.

PrefixEdit

o-

around, all around
a complete action, a perfective verb
something else

Derived termsEdit

Czech terms prefixed with o-

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

o-

Rōmaji transcription of お

LakotaEdit

PrefixEdit

o-

Forms nouns from some verbs.
‎o- + ‎wótA (“to eat”) → ‎owóte (“dining room”)

‎o- + ‎yuŋkÁ (“to lie, recline”) → ‎oyúŋke (“a bed”)

MaquiritariEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): [o-]

PrefixEdit

o-

allomorph of öt- (detransitivizing prefix).
Allomorph of ö- (second-person prefix) used for stems that begin with a consonant and have a first vowel o or u.

InflectionEdit

Maquiritari personal markers (Ye’kwana dialect)

	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		series I verb argument
	pronoun	noun possessor/ series II verb argument		postposition object		transitive patient	intransitive patient-like		intransitive agent-like	transitive agent
first person	ewü	y-, ∅-, ü-, u-						w-, wi-
first person dual inclusive	küwü	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-								k-, kii-, ki-
second person	amödö	ö-, öy-, o-, oy-, a-, ay-							m-, mi-
first person dual exclusive	nña	y-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	∅-	n-, ni-
third person	tüwü	y-, ch-, ∅-, i-			chö-	n-, ni-	n-, ni-
distant past third person	tüwü	—				kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
coreferential/reflexive	—	t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te-				—
reciprocal	—	—	öö-


	series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient
first person > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
first person dual exclusive > second person	mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
second person > first person	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
second person > first person dual exclusive	k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person	see person X in the chart above

MohawkEdit

EtymologyEdit

io- with loss of initial glide

PrefixEdit

o-

noun prefix
her (in kinship terms)

Northern NdebeleEdit

Etymology 1Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Second-person singular relative concord.

Etymology 2Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Class 1 relative concord.

Etymology 3Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Class 3 relative concord.

OjibweEdit

PrefixEdit

o-

A prefix denoting the third person

Usage notesEdit

o- is the unmarked form, and appears before stems that begin with a consonant. It may be omitted in many contexts.

Alternative formsEdit

PreverbEdit

o-

go somewhere to do something, go over there to
Mii go imaa ziigigamideg, mii imaa o-gondaabiiginag zhingobaandag.
If it boiled over, I dipped the bough in the kettle.

Alternative formsEdit

awi-

ReferencesEdit

The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/o-pv-dir

Old PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi.

PrefixEdit

o-

appears in front of some verbs meaning: to make something behave in a certain way, en-, be-, make
‎o- + ‎pozdny → ‎opóździć
around
‎o- + ‎kropić → ‎okropić
prefix indicating a perfective verb
‎o- + ‎soczyć → ‎osoczyć

Derived termsEdit

Old Polish terms prefixed with o-

DescendantsEdit

Polish: o-

OnondagaEdit

PrefixEdit

o-

noun prefix

ReferencesEdit

Hanni Woodbury (2018) A Reference Grammar of the Onondaga Language, University of Toronto, page 284

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Old Polish o, from Proto-Slavic *o(b), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɔ/

PrefixEdit

o-

Prefix indicating a perfective verb
‎o- + ‎słabnąć → ‎osłabnąć
Affects verb meaning in various ways
‎o- + ‎strzec → ‎ostrzec
Appears in front of some verbs meaning: to make something behave in a certain way, en-, be-, make
‎o- + ‎trzeźwy → ‎otrzeźwić

Synonym: u-
around
‎o- + ‎winąć → ‎owinąć

Synonym: ob-
down
‎o- + ‎suwać → ‎osuwać

‎o- + ‎puścić → ‎opuścić

Synonym: z-

Derived termsEdit

Polish terms prefixed with o-

SenecaEdit

PrefixEdit

o-

noun prefix

ReferencesEdit

Wallace Chafe (2014) A Grammar of the Seneca Language, University of California Press, page 86

SloveneEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *o(b)-. Prefixed form of the preposition o.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɔ-/

PrefixEdit

o-

Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
1. (no change in meaning)
  ‎o- + ‎čístiti (“to clean”) → ‎očístiti (“to clean”)
2. around, past, avoiding
  ‎o- + ‎čŕtati (“to draw”) → ‎očŕtati (“to outline”)
  
  ‎o- + ‎īti (“to go”) → ‎obíti (“to go around, to bypass”)
3. to stay, to remain
  ‎o- + ‎sedẹ́ti (“to sit”) → ‎obsedẹ́ti (“to stay sitting”)

Derived termsEdit

Slovene terms prefixed with o-

Southern NdebeleEdit

Etymology 1Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Second-person singular relative concord.

Etymology 2Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Class 1 relative concord.

Etymology 3Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Class 3 relative concord.

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Swedish ō-, from Old Norse ú-, ó-, from Proto-Germanic *un-, from the Proto-Indo-European *n̥- whence also Greek α- (a-) and English un-.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /²uː/

PrefixEdit

o-

Added to adjectives to yield their opposites; un-
Added to nouns to mean lack or being without

Derived termsEdit

Swedish terms prefixed with o-

TaosEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ʔɑ/

PrefixEdit

o-

(transitive) First person singular subject + third person duoplural object.
(transitive) Second person singular subject + third person singular object.

TernateEdit

EtymologyEdit

Cognate with Tehit w- (“third-person singular masculine prefix”).

PronounEdit

o- (Jawi ؤ-‎)

(masculine) third-person singular clitic, he

ReferencesEdit

Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

VolapükEdit

PrefixEdit

o-

denotes future tense in verbs and adverbs
‎o- + ‎penob (“I write.”) → ‎openob (“I will write.”)

‎o- + ‎adelo (“today”) → ‎odelo (“tomorrow”)

WelshEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ɔ/

PrefixEdit

o-

Soft mutation of go-.

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
go-	o-	ngo-	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

XhosaEdit

Etymology 1Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Second-person singular relative concord.

Etymology 2Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Class 1 relative concord.

Etymology 3Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PrefixEdit

o-

Class 3 relative concord.

ZuluEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From a- (“relative”) +‎ u- (“second person singular”).

PrefixEdit

ṓ-

Second-person singular relative concord.

Etymology 2Edit

From a- (“relative”) +‎ u- (“class 1”).

PrefixEdit

ṓ-

Class 1 relative concord.

Etymology 3Edit

From a- (“augment”) +‎ bo- (“class 2a”).

PrefixEdit

ô-

Class 2a noun prefix.

Etymology 4Edit

From a- (“relative”) +‎ u- (“class 3”).

PrefixEdit

ṓ-

Class 3 relative concord.

ReferencesEdit

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “o-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “o-”
C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “o-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “o- (8)”
C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “o-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “o- (3)”
C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “o-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “o-”

	stem begins with...	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Consonants	p t k h ch m n s sh w y	ni-	gi-	o-
	d g ' j z zh	nin-
	b	nim-
Vowels	o	nindo-	gido-	odo-
	a aa e i	nind-	gid-	od-
	oo	n-	g-	od-
	ii	n-	g-	w-

	independent		subject proclitic	possessive
	Informal	Formal
1st person singular	ngori	fangare^m, fajaru^f	to	ri
2nd person singular	ngana	ngoni, jou ngoni	no	ni
3rd person singular	una^m, mina^f		o^m, mo^f, i^nh	i^m, mi^f, ma^nh
1st person plural inclusive	ngone		fo	na, nga
1st person plural exclusive	ngomi	fangare ngomi^m, fajaru ngomi^f, fara ngomi¹	mi	mi, mia
2nd person plural	ngoni		ni	na, nia
3rd person plural	ana^h, ena^nh		i^{h, nh}, yo^{h, †}, ya^{nh, †}	na^h, nga^h, ma^nh

o-

EnglishEdit

NounEdit

PrefixEdit

See alsoEdit

BasqueEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PrefixEdit

Usage notesEdit

BavarianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrefixEdit

Derived termsEdit

CayugaEdit

PrefixEdit

ReferencesEdit

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

PrefixEdit

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

LakotaEdit

PrefixEdit

MaquiritariEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrefixEdit

InflectionEdit

MohawkEdit

EtymologyEdit

PrefixEdit

Northern NdebeleEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PrefixEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PrefixEdit

Etymology 3Edit

PrefixEdit

OjibweEdit

PrefixEdit

Usage notesEdit

Alternative formsEdit

See alsoEdit

PreverbEdit

Alternative formsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Old PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

PrefixEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

OnondagaEdit

PrefixEdit

ReferencesEdit

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrefixEdit

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

SenecaEdit

PrefixEdit

ReferencesEdit

SloveneEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrefixEdit

Derived termsEdit

Southern NdebeleEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PrefixEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PrefixEdit

Etymology 3Edit

PrefixEdit

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit