ابر

See also: أبر, إثر, آثر, أتر, اتر, أثر, and اثر

Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ابر (abr), from Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl /⁠abr⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *abráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós. Doublet of આભ (ābha).

Noun

ابر • (abar) m (Standard Gujarati અબર) (Lisan ud-Dawat)

1. cloud

   Synonym: وادل (vādal)

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbl), [script needed] (ʾp̄l /⁠abr⁠/, “cloud”), from Proto-Iranian *abráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós.

Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra), Sanskrit अभ्र (abhra), Latin imber and Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔaβɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäbɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäbɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäbɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäbɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæbɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäbɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	aḇr
Dari reading?	abr
Iranian reading?	abr
Tajik reading?	abr

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	ابر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	абр

ابر • (abr) (plural ابرها (abr-hâ))

1. cloud
2. a branch of Persian miniature
3. sponge (a piece of porous material used for washing)

Derived terms

• ابری (abri)
• ابر و باد (abr-o-bâd)
• ابرسازی (abr-sâzi)
• ابر چینی (abr-e čini)
• ابرناک (abrnâk)
• ابرک (abrak)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: əbr
• → Bengali: আবর (abor)
• → Hindi: अब्र (abr)
• → Urdu: ابر (abr)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian 𐭬𐭣𐭬 (mdm /⁠abar⁠/) (whence also بر (bar)), from Proto-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.

Cognates include English over, Latin super (whence English super), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old Armenian վեր (ver), German über, Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔa.βaɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.bäɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.bäɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔä.bäɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔä.bäɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæ.bæɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.bäɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	aḇar
Dari reading?	abar
Iranian reading?	abar
Tajik reading?	abar

Preposition

ابر • (abar)

1. A prefix roughly equivalent to English super-, English over-

   ابر (abar, “super”) + قدرت (qodrat, “power”) = ابرقدرت (abarqodrat, “superpower”)

   ابر (abar, “super”) + نواختر (now-axtar, “nova”) = ابرنواختر (abarnowaxtar, “supernova”)

Further reading

• Vullers, Johann August (1855) “ابر”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 66a

Southwestern Fars

Noun

ابر (abr)

1. (Masarm, Deh Sarv, Kuzarg) cloud

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian ابر (abr).

Noun

ابر • (abr) m (Hindi spelling अब्र)

1. cloud

   Synonym: بادل (bādal)

Related terms

• ابری (abrī)

Etymology 2

From ابل (abal), from Sanskrit [Term?].

Adjective

ابر • (abar) (Hindi spelling अबर)

1. weak

Etymology 3

From اب (ab).

Adverb

ابر • (abar) (Hindi spelling अबर)

1. now

Synonyms

• اب (ab)