سور
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Argued to be a loan from Aramaic שׂוּרָא / ܫܘܪܐ (šūrā), but other cognates such as Sabaean 𐩣𐩬𐩪𐩥𐩧𐩩 (mns¹wrt, “walls”) and Tigre ሶር (sor, “partition wall”) (unless that form is itself borrowed from Arabic) suggest that it may in fact be inherited.
Noun edit
سُور • (sūr) m (plural أَسْوَار (ʔaswār) or سِيرَان (sīrān))
- wall that encloses and protects a building
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سُور sūr |
السُّور as-sūr |
سُور sūr |
Nominative | سُورٌ sūrun |
السُّورُ as-sūru |
سُورُ sūru |
Accusative | سُورًا sūran |
السُّورَ as-sūra |
سُورَ sūra |
Genitive | سُورٍ sūrin |
السُّورِ as-sūri |
سُورِ sūri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | سُورَيْن sūrayn |
السُّورَيْن as-sūrayn |
سُورَيْ sūray |
Nominative | سُورَانِ sūrāni |
السُّورَانِ as-sūrāni |
سُورَا sūrā |
Accusative | سُورَيْنِ sūrayni |
السُّورَيْنِ as-sūrayni |
سُورَيْ sūray |
Genitive | سُورَيْنِ sūrayni |
السُّورَيْنِ as-sūrayni |
سُورَيْ sūray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَسْوَار; سِيرَان ʔaswār; sīrān |
الْأَسْوَار; السِّيرَان al-ʔaswār; as-sīrān |
أَسْوَار; سِيرَان ʔaswār; sīrān |
Nominative | أَسْوَارٌ; سِيرَانٌ ʔaswārun; sīrānun |
الْأَسْوَارُ; السِّيرَانُ al-ʔaswāru; as-sīrānu |
أَسْوَارُ; سِيرَانُ ʔaswāru; sīrānu |
Accusative | أَسْوَارًا; سِيرَانًا ʔaswāran; sīrānan |
الْأَسْوَارَ; السِّيرَانَ al-ʔaswāra; as-sīrāna |
أَسْوَارَ; سِيرَانَ ʔaswāra; sīrāna |
Genitive | أَسْوَارٍ; سِيرَانٍ ʔaswārin; sīrānin |
الْأَسْوَارِ; السِّيرَانِ al-ʔaswāri; as-sīrāni |
أَسْوَارِ; سِيرَانِ ʔaswāri; sīrāni |
References edit
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 237
- Kogan, Leonid (2015) Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 397
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “سور”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[1], London: W.H. Allen
Verb edit
سَوَّرَ • (sawwara) II, non-past يُسَوِّرُ (yusawwiru)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taswīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
musawwir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
musawwar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | sawwartu |
sawwarta |
سَوَّرَ sawwara |
sawwartumā |
sawwarā |
sawwarnā |
sawwartum |
sawwarū | |||
f | sawwarti |
sawwarat |
sawwaratā |
sawwartunna |
sawwarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔusawwiru |
tusawwiru |
yusawwiru |
tusawwirāni |
yusawwirāni |
nusawwiru |
tusawwirūna |
yusawwirūna | |||
f | tusawwirīna |
tusawwiru |
tusawwirāni |
tusawwirna |
yusawwirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔusawwira |
tusawwira |
yusawwira |
tusawwirā |
yusawwirā |
nusawwira |
tusawwirū |
yusawwirū | |||
f | tusawwirī |
tusawwira |
tusawwirā |
tusawwirna |
yusawwirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔusawwir |
tusawwir |
yusawwir |
tusawwirā |
yusawwirā |
nusawwir |
tusawwirū |
yusawwirū | |||
f | tusawwirī |
tusawwir |
tusawwirā |
tusawwirna |
yusawwirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | سَوِّرْ sawwir |
sawwirā |
sawwirū |
||||||||
f | sawwirī |
sawwirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | suwwirtu |
suwwirta |
سُوِّرَ suwwira |
suwwirtumā |
suwwirā |
suwwirnā |
suwwirtum |
suwwirū | |||
f | suwwirti |
suwwirat |
suwwiratā |
suwwirtunna |
suwwirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔusawwaru |
tusawwaru |
yusawwaru |
tusawwarāni |
yusawwarāni |
nusawwaru |
tusawwarūna |
yusawwarūna | |||
f | tusawwarīna |
tusawwaru |
tusawwarāni |
tusawwarna |
yusawwarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔusawwara |
tusawwara |
yusawwara |
tusawwarā |
yusawwarā |
nusawwara |
tusawwarū |
yusawwarū | |||
f | tusawwarī |
tusawwara |
tusawwarā |
tusawwarna |
yusawwarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔusawwar |
tusawwar |
yusawwar |
tusawwarā |
yusawwarā |
nusawwar |
tusawwarū |
yusawwarū | |||
f | tusawwarī |
tusawwar |
tusawwarā |
tusawwarna |
yusawwarna |
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
سُوَر • (suwar) f pl
Pashto edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Iranian *cuxráh.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
سور • (sur)
Declension edit
See also edit
سپين (spin) | خړ (xëṛ) | تور (tor) |
سور (sur) | نارنجي (nâranji); نسواري (naswâri) | ژېړ (žeṛ) |
شين (šin) | ||
شين (shin) | ||
چوڼيا (čuṇyâ); نيلي (nili) | کینخي (kinaxi) | ګلابي (gwëlâbi) |
Persian edit
Etymology edit
From Old Persian *θūryas (“banquet, feast”), from Proto-Iranian *cuHryás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćuHryás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewH- (“to shine”), see also Sanskrit श्वस् (śvas, “tomorrow”).[1][2] Related to Northern Kurdish sor (“red”).
Noun edit
سور • (sur)
References edit
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “سور”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- ^ Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. (1861). India: Bishop's College Press, p. 341
- ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2003), Beekes, R.S.P.; Lubotsky, A.; Weitenberg, J.J.S., editors, The Avestan Vowels (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 12), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN
Punjabi edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Prakrit सूअर (sūara), from Sanskrit सूकर (sūkara). Compare Urdu سؤر (sū'ar).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
سُوْر • (sūr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸੂਰ)
References edit
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “sūkará”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 780
- “سور”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2023
Southeast Pashayi edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
سوُر (sor)
Further reading edit
- Abd-El-Malek Lamuwal; Adam Baker (2013), “Southeastern Pashayi”, in Journal of the International Phonetic Association, volume 43, Cambridge: International Phonetic Association, pages 243-246
- Richard F. Strand (2011) Degânʹo Lexicon[2]
Ushojo edit
Noun edit
سور (sōr)