قضا

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ, “judgement; jurisdiction”).

Noun

قضا • (kaza)

1. (law) judgment, the decision or sentence of a judge

   Synonym: یارغو (yargı)

2. judgeship, judicature, the office or status of a judge
3. jurisdiction, the territory in which a judge exercises his functions
4. (historical) kaza, a subdistrict, or third-level administrative division of the Ottoman Empire
5. (theology) divine will or decree, thus providence, destiny

   Synonym: قدر (kader)

6. (by extension) accident, mishap, mischance, an unexpected and negative event

Derived terms

• قضا و قدر (kaza ve kader, “God's decree”)
• قضالق (kazalık, “extent of country sufficient for a district”)
• قضالو (kazalı, “containing districts”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: kaza
• → Albanian: kaza
• → Armenian: խազա (xaza), կա̈զա̈ (käzä)
• → Bulgarian: кааза̀ (kaazà)
• → English: kaza
• → French: casa
• → Greek: καζάς (kazás)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: каза

  Latin script: kaza

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kaza1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2504
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قضا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 963
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Judicium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 883
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قضا”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, columns 3713-3714
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kaza”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قضا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1460

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ, “judgement, jurisdiction”)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qa.zɑː]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.zɑː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.zɑː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qä.zɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qä.zɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæ.zɒː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.zɔ]

Readings
Classical reading?	qazā
Dari reading?	qazā
Iranian reading?	ğazâ
Tajik reading?	qazo

Dari	قضا
Iranian Persian
Tajik	қaзо

Noun

قضا • (qazâ)

1. judgement, sentence, decree
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3813:

     در شریعت مر گواهی بنده را
     نیست قدری وقت دعوی و قضا

     dar šarī'at mar guwāh-ē-i banda rā
     nist qadr-ē waqt-i da'wā u qazā

     In the religious law the testimony of a slave
     has no value at the time of litigation and judgement.

2. fate, destiny
3. accident, chance, fortuity
4. fulfillment, accomplishment

References

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “قضا”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Ushojo

Etymology

From Arabic قضاء (qaḍāʔ).

Noun

قضا (qazā)

1. judgement
2. jurisdiction