kaza

See also: kazā, każą, каза, and кажа

English

Alternative forms

• caza

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish قضا (kaza, “division of a sanjak”), from Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ, “jurisdiction, court circuit”), from قَضَى (qaḍā, “to decide, to judge”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaza/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

kaza (plural kazas)

1. (politics) A subdistrict, particularly (historical) a third-level administrative division of the Ottoman Empire.

Synonyms

• kaymakamlik

Coordinate terms

• vilayet, sanjak, nahiyah
• kaymakam

Related terms

• qadi, cadi, alcalde

Translations

Translations

• Albanian: kaza (sq) f
• Marathi: काझा (kājhā)
• Ottoman Turkish: قضا (kaza)
• Turkish: kaza (tr)

References

• “kaza, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 2020.

Albanian

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish قضا (kaza, “division of a sanjak”), from Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ, “jurisdiction, court circuit”), from قَضَى (qaḍā, “to decide, to judge”).

Noun

kaza f

1. (politics) kaza, particularly (historical) as a former second-level administrative division of Albania

Declension

Declension of kaza

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kaza	kazaja	kazaja	kazajat
accusative		kazanë
dative	kazaje	kazasë	kazajave	kazajave
ablative			kazajash

Coordinate terms

• vilajet, sanxhak, nahijë, fshat

Hausa

Etymology

Of unclear origin. Clear cognates of the same meaning within Chadic (e.g. Karekare kyéézì, Bade kâzá, Ngizim gā̂za, Ngamo gā̀zâ, Bole gājà, Duwai kīzhìya) may be the result of diffusion, rather than inheritance. Perhaps borrowed from Kanuri kájì (“guinea fowl”) or a Berber language, e.g. Tamasheq ékăz (“rooster”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kàː.záː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [kàː.záː]

Noun

kā̀zā f (plural kā̀jī, possessed form kā̀zar̃)

1. chicken, hen

See also

• zakara (“rooster”)

References

• Kossmann, Maarten (2005) Berber Loanwords in Hausa (Berber Studies; 12), Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, →ISBN, →ISSN

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese casa.

Noun

kaza

1. house
2. home

Ladino

Alternative forms

• cazza, ca (Haketia)

Etymology

From Latin casa (“cottage”).

Noun

kaza f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling קאזה)

1. house

Latvian

Kaza

Etymology

Apparently borrowed from Russian коза́ (kozá): note that the words for “male goat” and “female goat” in Latvian are non-cognate (āzis and kaza), unlike other Baltic languages (Lithuanian ožỹs, ožkà; Old Prussian wosux ([vōzuks]), wosee ([vōzē])), which suggests that an earlier Latvian term, perhaps *āze (apparently present in place names like Āzes), was replaced by the borrowed kaza.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kaza]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

kaza f (4th declension)

1. goat (esp. Capra aegagrus hircus)

   mājas kazas ― domestic goats

   kalnu kazas ― mountain goats

   kazu vilna ― goat wool

   kazas bārda ― goat beard

2. female goat

   kazu piens ― goat milk

   kazu siers ― goat cheese

   slaukt kazu ― to milk the goat

3. (colloquial) unruly, flippant, frivolous girl or woman

Declension

Declension of kaza (4th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	kaza	kazas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	kazu	kazas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	kazas	kazu
dative (datīvs)	kazai	kazām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	kazu	kazām
locative (lokatīvs)	kazā	kazās
vocative (vokatīvs)	kaza	kazas

See also

• āzis
• kazlēns

Serbo-Croatian

Verb

kaza (Cyrillic spelling каза)

1. second/third-person singular aorist of kazati

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-kaza (infinitive kukaza)

1. Causative form of -kaa: to persist, intensify
2. (clothing) to tighten

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kaza
Positive present -nakaza Subjunctive -kaze Negative -kazi Imperative singular kaza
Infinitives
Positive kukaza Negative kutokaza
Imperatives
Singular kaza Plural kazeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukaza Positive past positive subject concord + -likaza Negative past negative subject concord + -kukaza
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakaza) Singular Plural 1st person ninakaza/nakaza tunakaza 2nd person unakaza mnakaza 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakaza wanakaza other classes positive subject concord + -nakaza
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kazi) Singular Plural 1st person sikazi hatukazi 2nd person hukazi hamkazi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakazi hawakazi other classes negative subject concord + -kazi
Positive future positive subject concord + -takaza Negative future negative subject concord + -takaza
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kaze) Singular Plural 1st person nikaze tukaze 2nd person ukaze mkaze 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akaze wakaze other classes positive subject concord + -kaze
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikaze Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekaza Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekaza Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikaza Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikaza
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akaza) Singular Plural 1st person nakaza twakaza 2nd person wakaza mwakaza 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akaza wakaza m-mi(III/IV) wakaza yakaza ji-ma(V/VI) lakaza yakaza ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakaza vyakaza n(IX/X) yakaza zakaza u(XI) wakaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwakaza pa(XVI) pakaza mu(XVIII) mwakaza
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekaza "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakaza "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakaza "If/When" positive subject concord + -kikaza "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokaza Consecutive kakaza / positive subject concord + -kakaza Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakaze
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nikaza -tukaza 2nd person -kukaza -wakaza/-kukazeni/-wakazeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkaza -wakaza m-mi(III/IV) -ukaza -ikaza ji-ma(V/VI) -likaza -yakaza ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikaza -vikaza n(IX/X) -ikaza -zikaza u(XI) -ukaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kukaza pa(XVI) -pakaza mu(XVIII) -mukaza Reflexive -jikaza
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kaza- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -kazaye -kazao m-mi(III/IV) -kazao -kazayo ji-ma(V/VI) -kazalo -kazayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kazacho -kazavyo n(IX/X) -kazayo -kazazo u(XI) -kazao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kazako pa(XVI) -kazapo mu(XVIII) -kazamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kaza) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekaza -okaza m-mi(III/IV) -okaza -yokaza ji-ma(V/VI) -lokaza -yokaza ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokaza -vyokaza n(IX/X) -yokaza -zokaza u(XI) -okaza see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokaza pa(XVI) -pokaza mu(XVIII) -mokaza
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -kazia (“emphasise”)
  • Passive: -kazwa
  • Reciprocal: -kazana (“to make an effort”)

• Nominal derivations:
  • mkazo (“force, emphasis”)

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish قضا (kaza), from Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɑˈzɑː]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ka‧za

Noun

kaza (definite accusative kazayı, plural kazalar)

1. accident
2. subprovince

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	kaza
Definite accusative	kazayı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	kaza	kazalar
Definite accusative	kazayı	kazaları
Dative	kazaya	kazalara
Locative	kazada	kazalarda
Ablative	kazadan	kazalardan
Genitive	kazanın	kazaların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular kazam kazalarım 2nd singular kazan kazaların 3rd singular kazası kazaları 1st plural kazamız kazalarımız 2nd plural kazanız kazalarınız 3rd plural kazaları kazaları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular kazamı kazalarımı 2nd singular kazanı kazalarını 3rd singular kazasını kazalarını 1st plural kazamızı kazalarımızı 2nd plural kazanızı kazalarınızı 3rd plural kazalarını kazalarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular kazama kazalarıma 2nd singular kazana kazalarına 3rd singular kazasına kazalarına 1st plural kazamıza kazalarımıza 2nd plural kazanıza kazalarınıza 3rd plural kazalarına kazalarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular kazamda kazalarımda 2nd singular kazanda kazalarında 3rd singular kazasında kazalarında 1st plural kazamızda kazalarımızda 2nd plural kazanızda kazalarınızda 3rd plural kazalarında kazalarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular kazamdan kazalarımdan 2nd singular kazandan kazalarından 3rd singular kazasından kazalarından 1st plural kazamızdan kazalarımızdan 2nd plural kazanızdan kazalarınızdan 3rd plural kazalarından kazalarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular kazamın kazalarımın 2nd singular kazanın kazalarının 3rd singular kazasının kazalarının 1st plural kazamızın kazalarımızın 2nd plural kazanızın kazalarınızın 3rd plural kazalarının kazalarının

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قضا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 963b
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kaza”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Upper Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaza/
• Rhymes: -aza
• Syllabification: ka‧za

Verb

kaza

1. third-person singular present of kazać