یار

See also: يار and ياز

Persian

Etymology

Contraction of Middle Persian (and archaic New Persian) یاور (yâvar). Akin to Manichaean Middle Persian hyʾr (/⁠hayyār⁠/, “helper, friend”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [jɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jɑːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jɑːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [jɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [jɔːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [jɒːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [jɔɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	yār
Dari reading?	yār
Iranian reading?	yâr
Tajik reading?	yor

• Rhymes: -ɑːr

Noun

Dari	یار
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ёр

یار • (yâr) (plural یاران (yârân))

1. (literary) friend, lover, companion
2. (literary) assistant, defender, helper
3. (sports) a player in a team
4. strength, power
5. pestle

Derived terms

• یار و یاور (yâr-o-yâvar)
• یارانه (yârâne)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: yar
• → Bashkir: йәр (yər)
• → Chagatai: يار
  • Uyghur: يار (yar)
  • Uzbek: yor / ёр (yor)
• → Gujarati: યાર (yār)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: यार (yār)

  Urdu: یار (yār)

  • → English: yaar
• → Kazakh: жар (jar)
• → Middle Armenian: եար (ear)
  • Armenian: յար (yar)
• Ottoman Turkish: یار (yār)
  • Turkish: yar
  • → Laz: ჲარი (yari)
• → Punjabi: یار (yār) / ਯਾਰ (yār)
• → Marwari: यार (yār)

See also

• یاور (yâvar)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “يار”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 1525
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 399

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یار (yār).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /jäːɾᵊ/

Noun

یار • (yār) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਯਾਰ)

1. friend, pal
2. dude, bro

Declension

Declension of یار
dir. sg.	یَار (yār)
dir. pl.	یَار (yār)
	singular	plural
direct	یَار (yār)	یَار (yār)
oblique	یَار (yār)	یَاراں (yārāṉ)
vocative	یَارا (yārā)	یَارو (yāro)
ablative	یَاروں (yāroṉ)	–
locative	–	یَارِیں (yārīṉ)
instrumental	–	–

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “یار”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
• “ਯਾਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یار (yār).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /jɑːɾ/

Noun

یار • (yār) m or f (Hindi spelling यार)

1. pal
2. buddy
3. friend
4. comrade
5. companion
6. lover
7. mistress

Descendants

• → English: yaar

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu یار (yār).

Noun

یار (yār)

1. friend, buddy, pal
2. lover