ܥܠܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܥ ܠ ܠ (ˁ l l)
11 terms

From Aramaic עֵלְתָא (ʿelləṯā) with the sense of “disease” is a calque of Arabic عِلَّة (ʕilla); compare also Hebrew עִלָּה (ilá).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɪlləθɑː]
• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɪllətɑː]

Noun

ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ • (ˁilṯā) f sg (plural ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (ˁillāṯē) or ܥܸܠܠܹ̈ܐ (ˁillē))

1. cause, reason, motive
2. subject, topic (e.g. of a book)
3. (in the plural) receptacles
4. (grammar) subject; noun of a derived adjective
5. (pathology) sickness, illness, disease

   Synonyms: ܡܲܪܥܵܐ (marˁā), ܟܘܼܪܗܵܢܵܐ (kurhānā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁilṯā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܝܼ (ˁilṯī)		ܥܸܠܬ݂ܲܢ (ˁilṯan)
	construct	ܥܸܠܲܬ݂ (ˁillaṯ)	2nd person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁilṯūḵ)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁilṯāḵ)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁilṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁilṯā)	3rd person	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܹܗ (ˁilṯēh)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (ˁilṯāh)	ܥܸܠܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ˁilṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (ˁillāṯī)		ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (ˁillāṯan)
	construct	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂̈ (ˁillāṯ)	2nd person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ˁillāṯūḵ)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ˁillāṯāḵ)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁillāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (ˁillāṯē)	3rd person	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ˁillāṯūh)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁillāṯōh)	ܥܸܠܠܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ˁillāṯhōn)

Derived terms

• ܡ̣ܢ ܥܸܠܲܬ݂ (min ˁillaṯ, “because of, due to”)
• ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܢܵܐ (ˁilṯānā, “caused”)
• ܡܥܲܠܬܸܢ (mˁaltin, “to cause”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܥ-ܠ-ܠ (ʿ-l-l). The sense of "disease" is a calque of Arabic عِلَّة (ʕilla). Compare also Hebrew עִלָּה (ʿillâ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕɛll(ə)θɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʕɛl(lə)le], [ʕɛl(lə)lɑθɑ(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܥܠܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܠܠܬܐ or ܥܠܬܐ or ܥܠܠܐ)

1. cause, reason, motive, pretext, pretense
2. occasion, opportunity
3. necessity
4. means
5. sin, crime, fault
6. proof, evidence, accusation, argument, complaint
7. subject, topic (e.g. of a book)
8. introduction, heading
9. thing, object, article, affair
10. (in the plural) receptacles
11. (grammar) root (noun of a derived adjective)
12. (pathology) sickness, illness, disease

Inflection

    declension of ܥܠܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܥܠܐ	ܥܠܠܢ ,ܥܠܢ
construct	ܥܠܬ	ܥܠܠܬ ,ܥܠܬ
emphatic	ܥܠܬܐ	ܥܠܠܬܐ ,ܥܠܬܐ ,ܥܠܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܥܠܬܝ	ܥܠܠܬܝ ,ܥܠܬܝ ,ܥܠܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܥܠܬܟ	ܥܠܠܬܟ ,ܥܠܬܟ ,ܥܠܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܥܠܬܟܝ	ܥܠܠܬܟܝ ,ܥܠܬܟܝ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܬܗ ,ܥܠܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܥܠܬܢ	ܥܠܠܬܢ ,ܥܠܬܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܥܠܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܠܬܟܘܢ ,ܥܠܬܟܘܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܥܠܬܟܝܢ	ܥܠܠܬܟܝܢ ,ܥܠܬܟܝܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܥܠܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܠܬܗܘܢ ,ܥܠܬܗܘܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܥܠܬܗܝܢ	ܥܠܠܬܗܝܢ ,ܥܠܬܗܝܢ ,ܥܠܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܥ-ܠ-ܐ (ʿ-l-ʾ) related to raising up. Compare Hebrew עוֹלָה (ʿôlâ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕ(ə)lɑθɑ]

Noun

ܥܠܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܠܘܬܐ)

1. offering, sacrifice, holocaust, oblation
2. high place, altar

Inflection

    declension of ܥܠܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܥܠܐ	ܥܠܘܢ
construct	ܥܠܬ	ܥܠܘܬ
emphatic	ܥܠܬܐ	ܥܠܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܥܠܬܝ	ܥܠܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܥܠܬܟ	ܥܠܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܥܠܬܟܝ	ܥܠܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܥܠܬܗ	ܥܠܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܥܠܬܢ	ܥܠܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܥܠܬܟܘܢ	ܥܠܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܥܠܬܟܝܢ	ܥܠܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܥܠܬܗܘܢ	ܥܠܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܥܠܬܗܝܢ	ܥܠܘܬܗܝܢ

References

• “ˁlh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 252a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 416a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 1106b-1107a