丸太
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
丸 | 太 |
まる Grade: 2 |
た Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi | kan’yōon |
Etymology edit
Compound of 丸 (maru, “circle; round”) + 太 (ta, “fat”, here possibly emphasizing the roundness).[1][2]
First cited to a text from 1633.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
丸太 • (maruta) (alternative reading hiragana まろた, rōmaji marota) (less common)
- [from 1633] a log: unsawn lumber (UK) or timber (US), a section of a tree cut to a length and with the bark removed, but otherwise round and unfinished
- [from 1697] alternate name for the 似鯉 (nigoi) fish (Hemibarbus barbus); more commonly known as ニゴイ (nigoi)
- [from ???] the Pacific redfin (Tribolodon brandtii); more commonly known as マルタウグイ (maruta ugui)
- [from circa 1687] (historical, slang) during the Edo period, derogatory term for an unlicensed prostitute dressed as a Buddhist nun as a form of disguise from the authorities (from the way the shaven head looks a bit like a debarked log, and from the way that they both roll around)
- [from 1937] (historical) human test subjects of Unit 731
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
- 丸太小屋 (maruta-goya): a log cabin
- 丸太ん棒 (marutanbō): a log (more casual)
- 丸太魚 (maruta uo): a maruta fish: a ニゴイ (nigoi)
- 丸太式舞台 (maruta-shiki butai): a log-style (theater) stage, made of hewn logs
- 丸太舟 (marutabune): a kind of boat made of logs and used mainly on Lake Biwa starting from the medieval period
- 丸太洗い (marutārai): logs used to shore up the bottom of a reservoir pond or sewer outlet
Idioms edit
- 丸太に糠釘 (maruta ni nukakugi): “a tack into a log” → a metaphor for one's intentions or feelings not getting through to another person, much as a tack will not go through a log
Descendants edit
- → Chinese: 馬路大/马路大 (mǎlùdà)
- → Korean: 마루타 (maruta, “human guinea pig”)
Further reading edit
- Lumber on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- 木材 (Lumber) on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja
- ニゴイ on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja (Hemibarbus barbus)
- ウグイ on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja (Tribolodon hakonensis)
- Edo period on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Ukiyo on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN