Wiktionary

太

See also: 大 and 犬
太 U+592A, 太
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592A
← 天
[U+5929] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 夫 →
[U+592B]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

太 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大戈 (KI), four-corner 40030, composition ⿵大丶)

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 248, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5834
  • Dae Jaweon: page 505, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 524, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+592A

ChineseEdit

 
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (大) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
馱 *daːl, *daːds
大 *daːds, *daːds
忕 *tʰaːds, *daːds, *djads
太 *tʰaːds
汰 *tʰaːds
汏 *daːds, *tʰaːd
軑 *daːds, *deːds
釱 *daːds, *deːds
达 *tʰeːds
杕 *deːds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰaːds): phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big; great”) + semantic 丶 – excessive.

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.
 太
alternative forms 冭

A superlative derivative of 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big”) – be too great, very great, excessive.

Pronunciation 1Edit

Rime
Character 太
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 泰 (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他蓋切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰajH/
Li
Rong 		/tʰɑiH/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɑiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		taai3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 太
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tài
Middle
Chinese 		‹ thajH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ˁa[t]-s/
English great

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 太
Reading # 1/1
No. 1937
Phonetic
component 		大
Rime
group 		祭
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		泰
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰaːds/
DefinitionsEdit

太

  1. too; so (modifying adjectives; often used with 了 (le) at the end of the sentence for emphasis)
    太熱了！／太热了！  ―  Tài rè le!  ―  It's so hot!
    別吃太多派。／别吃太多派。  ―  Bié chī tài duō pài.  ―  Don't eat too much pie.
  2. (usually in negative sentences) very; quite
    他不太舒服。 [Taiwanese Mandarin]  ―  Tā bù tài shūfú. [Pinyin]  ―  He's not very well.
  3. most; utmost
  4. highest; greatest
  5. senior; noble
  6. Short for 太湖 (Tàihú, “Lake Tai, a lake in Southern Jiangsu, China”).
  7. Short for 太平洋 (Tàipíngyáng, “Pacific Ocean”).
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 太 (“too; excessively”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 太, 過於
Mandarin Beijing 太, 忒
Taiwan 太
Tianjin 太, 忒
Jinan 太, 忒
Wanrong 太
Xi'an 太
Yinchuan 太
Wuhan 太, 忒
Chengdu 太
Guiyang 太
Guilin 太
Xuzhou 忒
Yangzhou 太
Hefei 太
Malaysia 太
Singapore 太
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 太
Cantonese Guangzhou 太, 得滯 >, 過頭 >
Hong Kong 太, 太過, 得滯 >, 過頭 >, 過龍 >
Taishan 得滯 >
Dongguan 得滯 >
Yangjiang 得滯 >
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 太
Singapore (Guangfu) 太
Gan Nanchang 太
Lichuan 太
Pingxiang 太
Hakka Meixian 忒
Dongguan (Qingxi) 太, 過頭 >
Wuhua (Huacheng) 忒
Heyuan (Bendihua) 太
Wengyuan 太
Liannan 太
Jiexi 忒
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 太, 忒
Changting 忒
Wuping 忒
Wuping (Yanqian) 忒
Liancheng 忒
Ninghua 忒
Yudu 太
Ningdu 太, 忒
Tonggu (Sandu) 忒
Ganzhou (Panlong) 太
Dayu 太
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 忒
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 忒
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 忒
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 忒
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 忒
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 忒
Hong Kong 太, 過頭 >
Yangxi (Tangkou) 太
Yangchun (Sanjia) 太
Xinyi (Sihe) 太
Xinyi (Qianpai) 太
Gaozhou (Xindong) 太
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 太
Huazhou (Xin'an) 忒
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 忒
Lianjiang (Qingping) 太
Mengshan (Xihe) 太
Luchuan 太
Senai (Huiyang) 過頭 >
Kuching (Hepo) 過頭
Huizhou Jixi 太
Jin Taiyuan 太
Min Bei Jian'ou 忒
Jian'ou (Dikou) 忒
Songxi 忒
Zhenghe 忒
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 忒
Jianyang 忒
Wuyishan 忒
Pucheng (Shibei) 忒
Min Dong Fuzhou 過, 恰
Changle 恰
Lianjiang 恰
Fuqing 恰
Pingtan 恰
Yongtai 恰
Minqing 恰
Gutian 恰
Pingnan 恰
Luoyuan 恰
Fu'an 恰
Ningde 恰
Xiapu 恰
Zherong 恰
Shouning 恰
Zhouning 恰
Fuding 恰
Min Nan Xiamen 傷, 傷過
Xiamen (Tong'an) 傷
Quanzhou 傷, 傷過
Jinjiang 傷, 太
Nan'an 傷
Shishi 傷
Hui'an 傷
Anxi 傷
Yongchun 傷
Dehua 傷
Zhangzhou 傷, 傷過
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 傷
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 傷
Hua'an 傷
Nanjing 傷
Pinghe 傷
Zhangpu 傷
Yunxiao 傷
Zhao'an 傷
Dongshan 傷
Taipei 傷
New Taipei (Sanxia) 傷
Kaohsiung 傷
Yilan 傷
Changhua (Lukang) 傷
Taichung 傷
Tainan 傷
Hsinchu 傷
Kinmen 傷
Penghu (Magong) 傷
Penang (Hokkien) 傷, 太
Singapore (Hokkien) 傷, 傷過, 過, 佮
Manila (Hokkien) 傷, 傷過
Longyan 蓋
Zhangping 傷
Chaozhou 佮
Shantou 佮, 過
Jieyang 佮, 過
Bangkok (Teochew) 佮
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 佮
Singapore (Teochew) 佮, 過
Puxian Min Putian 傷
Xianyou 傷
Min Zhong Yong'an 太
Sanyuan 忒
Shaxian 太
Wu Shanghai 忒, 過於, 忒煞, 忒以 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 忒
Suzhou 忒
Hangzhou 忒
Ningbo 忒
Wenzhou 忒
Jinhua 太, 忒
Xiang Changsha 太
Shuangfeng 太, 忒
Note > - after adjective or adverb
See alsoEdit

Pronunciation 2Edit

Note:
  • tài - when used as 1-character title;
  • tai - when used after 太.
  • Cantonese
    • Note: taai3-2 - “Mrs.” when used on its own.
    DefinitionsEdit

    太

    1. Short for 太太 (tàitai, “wife; Miss; Mrs”).
    1. 太太  ―  tàitai  ―  wife
    2. 李太 [Cantonese]  ―  lei5 taai3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  Mrs. Li
    3. 陳太／陈太 [Cantonese]  ―  can4 taai3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  Mrs. Chen

    Pronunciation 3Edit

    DefinitionsEdit

    太

    1. † Only used in 太末.

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 太

    Etymology 2Edit

    See Korean 太.

    DefinitionsEdit

    太

    1. (Korean Classical Chinese) soybean
      Synonym: 大豆 (dàdòu)

    Etymology 3Edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of 太 – see 泰 (“big; large; great; extensive; etc.”).
    (This character, 太, is the second-round simplified form of 泰.)
    Notes:

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    太

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. (adjective): fat

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    Etymology 1Edit

    From Old Japanese.

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    太(ふと) • (futo) 

    1. fatness
    2. a fat person, a fatty
    3. fat-necked shamisen
    4. thick thread
    SynonymsEdit
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    PrefixEdit

    太(ふと) • (futo-) 

    1. added to words describing gods or the emperor or other exalted subjects to denote greatness or excellence
      • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 17, poem 4031); text here
        奈加等美乃 敷刀能里⟨等其⟩等 伊比波良倍 安⟨賀⟩布伊能知毛 多我多米尓奈礼
        中臣の 太祝詞言 言ひ祓へ 贖ふ命も 誰がために汝れ
        なかとみの ふとのりとごと いひはらへ あかふいのちも たがためになれ
        Nakatomi no / futonoritogoto / iiharae / akau inochi mo / ta ga tame ni nare
        Reciting the Nakatomi's excellent ritual offering, whose [long] life was prayed for? Yours.
    2. added to regular nouns to denote fatness or thickness
      太(ふと)腿(もも)、太(ふと)箸(ばし)
      futo-momo, futo-bashi
      the thigh (the thick part of the leg), fat chopsticks (used at New Years)
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2Edit

    The Old Japanese 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal (sentence-final) form”) of adjective 太い (futoi, “fat, thick, big”).[2]

    PronunciationEdit

    Proper nounEdit

    太(ふとし) • (Futoshi) 

    1. a male given name

    Etymology 3Edit

    Derived from the root word 大 (ō, “great, big”).

    PronunciationEdit

    Proper nounEdit

    太(おお) • (Ō) ←おほ (ofo)?

    1. a surname

    Etymology 4Edit

    From Middle Chinese 太 (thajH). Compare modern Mandarin 太 (tài).

    PronunciationEdit

    PrefixEdit

    太(たい) • (tai-) 

    1. big, fat, great
    Usage notesEdit
    • Only found in compounds.
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 5Edit

    From a colloquial form of 太 in Middle Chinese. Compare the similar corruption in Mandarin 大 (dà).

    PronunciationEdit

    PrefixEdit

    太(た) • (ta-) 

    1. big, fat, great
    Usage notesEdit

    Only found in compounds.

    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

    KoreanEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource


    PronunciationEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    From Middle Chinese 太 (MC tʰɑiH). The "pollock" sense is supposedly from the surname, after a fisherman.

    HanjaEdit

    太 (eumhun 클 태 (keul tae))

    1. Hanja form? of 태 (“large; great; big; excessive”). [affix]
    2. Hanja form? of 태. [surname]
    3. Hanja form? of 태 (“pollock”). [affix]

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    Etymology 2Edit

    A Korean graphic abbreviation of Chinese 大豆 (dàdòu, “soybean”, literally “big bean”), perhaps attested as early as the eighth century.

    Presumably, it was originally used as a logogram for the native Korean word 코ᇰ (Yale: khwòng, “soybean”), without a Sino-Korean reading of its own. At some point—perhaps after the logogramic representation of native Korean words declined following the invention of the Hangul alphabet in the 1400s—it became conflated with the visually identical character 太 (“large; great”) and now shares its Sino-Korean reading, 태 (tae).

    HanjaEdit

    太 (eumhun 콩 태 (kong tae))

    1. Hanja form? of 태 (“soybean”). [affix]

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    太: Hán Nôm readings: Thái

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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