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Translingual
editHan character
edit促 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人口卜人 (ORYO), four-corner 26281, composition ⿰亻足)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 104, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 664
- Dae Jaweon: page 220, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 161, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4FC3
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
促 |
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Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 促 |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰoɡ): semantic 亻 + phonetic 足 (OC *ʔsoɡs, *ʔsoɡ).
Etymology 1
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cuk1
- Eastern Min (BUC): ché̤ṳk
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cù
- Wade–Giles: tsʻu4
- Yale: tsù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuh
- Palladius: цу (cu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cuk1
- Yale: chūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsuk7
- Guangdong Romanization: cug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ché̤ṳk
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰøyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak
- Tâi-lô: tshiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek
- Tâi-lô: tshik
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheg
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/
Note:
- chhiok - literary;
- chhiak/chhek - vernacular (“to shorten the distance; to limply tie a knot”).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cog4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshok
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰok̚²/
- Middle Chinese: tshjowk
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰoɡ/
Definitions
edit促
- short; hurried; urgent (of time)
- 夏、商、周、漢封建而延,秦郡邑而促。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 805~814, Liu Zongyuan (柳宗元),《封建論》 (“On Feudalism”)
- Xià, Shāng, Zhōu, Hàn fēngjiàn ér yán, Qín jùnyì ér cù. [Pinyin]
- The Xia, Shang, Zhou, and Han dynasties implemented feudalism, which prolonged their rule, whereas the Qin dynasty adopted the prefectural-county system, which hastened its demise.
夏、商、周、汉封建而延,秦郡邑而促。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]- 宋、齊、梁、陳、元魏已下,事佛漸謹,年代尤促。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: 819 February 11, Han Yu, On a Bone from Buddha’s Body(《論佛骨表》)
- Sòng, Qí, Liáng, Chén, Yuánwèi yǐxià, shì fó jiàn jǐn, niándài yóu cù. [Pinyin]
- During the Song, Qi, Liang, Chen, Northern Wei and afterwards, the reverence for Buddhism gradually increased, but at the same time the durations of these dynasties became increasingly brief.
宋、齐、梁、陈、元魏已下,事佛渐谨,年代尤促。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- to come close to; to become near
- 促膝 ― cùxī ― to sit knee to knee
- to urge; to promote
- (Hokkien) to shorten the distance
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to limply tie a knot
Compounds
edit- 促使 (cùshǐ)
- 侷促 (júcù)
- 促促
- 侷促一隅
- 侷促不安
- 促坐
- 促席
- 促忙 (cùmáng)
- 促忙促急
- 促成 (cùchéng)
- 促拍
- 促掐
- 促步 (cùbù)
- 促狹 / 促狭 (cùxiá)
- 促狹鬼 / 促狭鬼
- 促病
- 促發 / 促发
- 促眉
- 促織 / 促织 (cùzhī)
- 促聲 / 促声 (cùshēng)
- 促脈 / 促脉
- 促膝
- 促膝談心 / 促膝谈心
- 促膝長談 / 促膝长谈
- 促裝 / 促装 (cùzhuāng)
- 促請 / 促请 (cùqǐng)
- 促趲 / 促趱
- 促迫 (cùpò)
- 促進 / 促进 (cùjìn)
- 促銷 / 促销 (cùxiāo)
- 促音 (cùyīn)
- 倉促 / 仓促 (cāngcù)
- 催促 (cuīcù)
- 刺促
- 匆促 (cōngcù)
- 局促 (júcù)
- 局促一隅
- 局促不安
- 急促 (jícù)
- 敦促 (dūncù)
- 督促 (dūcù)
- 短促 (duǎncù)
- 短壽促命 / 短寿促命
- 短局促
- 窘促 (jiǒngcù)
- 緊促 / 紧促 (jǐncù)
- 聯合促銷 / 联合促销
- 脆促
- 跼促 (júcù)
- 蹇促
- 迫促 (pòcù)
- 逼促
- 鬼促促
Descendants
edit- → Vietnamese: thúc
Etymology 2
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 促 – see 齪 (“cautious; careful; meticulous; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 齪). |
Etymology 3
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 促 – see 蹙 (“to knit; to approach; to close in on; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 蹙). |
Notes:
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Japanese
editKanji
edit促
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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Readings
editEtymology
editKanji in this term |
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促 |
そく Grade: S |
goon |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Derived terms
editKorean
editHanja
edit促 (eum 촉 (chok))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit促: Hán Nôm readings: xúc, thúc
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
References
editCategories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
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- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
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- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading そく
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しょく
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うなが・す
- Japanese kanji with kun reading せま・る
- Japanese terms spelled with 促 read as そく
- Japanese terms read with goon
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 促
- Japanese single-kanji terms
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