Wiktionary

七

See also: 𠤎 and 匕
七 U+4E03, 七
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E03
← 丂
[U+4E02] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丄 →
[U+4E04]
㈦ U+3226, ㈦
PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH SEVEN
← ㈥
[U+3225] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㈧ →
[U+3227]
㊆ U+3286, ㊆
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH SEVEN
← ㊅
[U+3285] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㊇ →
[U+3287]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
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TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

七 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+1, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十山 (JU), four-corner 40710, composition ⿻㇀乚(GHJKV) or ⿻㇀㇄(T))

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

trad. 七
simp. # 七
alternative forms 柒 financial
𠀁 ancient
桼 financial; ancient

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 七
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing) Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script Ming typeface
                   
Oracle bone script
 

j29812

 

j29813

 

j29814

 

j29815

 

j29816

 

j29817

 

j29818

 

j29819

 

j29820

 

j29821

Bronze inscriptions
 

b19909

 

b19910

 

b19911

 

b19912

 

b19913

 

b19914

 

b19915

 

b19916

 

b19917

 

b19918

 

b19919

 

b19920

 

b19921

 

b19922

Small seal script
 

s10922

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L25769

 

L25770

 

L25771

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (七) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
切 *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd
砌 *sʰiːds
沏 *sʰiːd
七 *sn̥ʰid
柒 *sn̥ʰid
叱 *n̥ʰjid

Pictogram (象形) – a vertical stroke and a horizontal stroke bisecting each other – original character of 切 (OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd, “to cut”).

The top-most horizontal stroke is done from left to right. The vertical stroke and bottom-most horizontal stroke are done as one stroke, from top-left to bottom-right.

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ni-s (“seven”).

PronunciationEdit

Note: qí - a variant (and regional) sandhi tone when it occurs before fourth-tone syllables.
Note:
  • chhit - literary;
  • chhiak - vernacular.
Note: cêg4 - Jieyang.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 七
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰi⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰji⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰiəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sʰi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰit̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰit̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰit̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰɛiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰik̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sit̚⁵/
Rime
Character 七
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 眞 (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 親吉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰit̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰit̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰiĕt̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 七
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshit ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tsʰ]i[t]/
English seven

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 七
Reading # 1/1
No. 9910
Phonetic
component 		七
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		七
Old
Chinese 		/*sn̥ʰid/

DefinitionsEdit

七

  1. seven
  2. (printing) agate: The size of type between 小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”) and 八 (bā, “8”), standardized as 5½ point.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 七

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (七):
  • → Japanese: 七(しち) (shichi); 七(しつ) (shitsu)
  • → Korean: 칠(七) (chil)
  • → Vietnamese: thất (七)

Others:

See alsoEdit

Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 108 1012
Normal
(小寫／小写) 		〇, 零 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬／万
十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) 		億／亿 兆 (Taiwan)
萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫／大写) 		零 壹 貳／贰 參／叁 肆 伍 陸／陆 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟

ReferencesEdit

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 七 – see 𨳍 (“penis; etc.”).
(This character, 七, is a variant form of 𨳍.)

JapaneseEdit

Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  6 7 8  > 
    Cardinal : 七

KanjiEdit

七

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. seven
  2. seventh
  3. seven times

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

Alternative formsEdit

  • (financial form) 漆

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
七
なな
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese 七 (nana), ultimately from Proto-Japonic *nana.

PronunciationEdit

Usage notesEdit

In modern Japanese, Japonic なな (nana) is more common than Sinitic しち (shichi) (see Etymology 2) outside fixed compounds, which is similar to 四 (yo) but different from other numerals. The reason may be a superstitious connection to 死 (shi, “death”), or simply avoiding confusion with the similar sounding 一 (ichi) and 四 (shi).

NumeralEdit

七(なな) • (nana) 

  1. seven, 7
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

NounEdit

七(なな) • (nana) 

  1. a seven
  2. a gambler
Derived termsEdit

Proper nounEdit

七(なな) • (Nana) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
七
しち
Grade: 1
goon

From Middle Chinese 七 (MC t͡sʰiɪt̚).

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

七(しち) • (shichi) 

  1. seven, 7
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
七
な
Grade: 1
irregular

Shortening from nana above.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

七(な) • (na) 

  1. (colloquial) seven, 7

Etymology 4Edit

Kanji in this term
七
Grade: 1
irregular

Borrowed from Mandarin 七 (qī).

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

七(チー) • (chī) 

  1. seven, 7
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Coordinate termsEdit

Japanese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Regular 零(れい) (rei)
零(ゼロ) (zero) 		一(いち) (ichi) 二(に) (ni) 三(さん) (san) 四(よん) (yon)
四(し) (shi) 		五(ご) (go) 六(ろく) (roku) 七(なな) (nana)
七(しち) (shichi) 		八(はち) (hachi) 九(きゅう) (kyū)
九(く) (ku) 		十(じゅう) (jū)
Formal 壱(いち) (ichi) 弐(に) (ni) 参(さん) (san) 拾(じゅう) (jū)
90 100 300 600 800 1,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 100,000,000
Regular 九(きゅう)十(じゅう) (kyūjū) 百(ひゃく) (hyaku)
一(いっ)百(ぴゃく) (ippyaku) 		三(さん)百(びゃく) (sanbyaku) 六(ろっ)百(ぴゃく) (roppyaku) 八(はっ)百(ぴゃく) (happyaku) 千(せん) (sen)
一(いっ)千(せん) (issen) 		三(さん)千(ぜん) (sanzen) 八(はっ)千(せん) (hassen) 一(いち)万(まん) (ichiman) 一(いち)億(おく) (ichioku)
Formal 一(いち)萬(まん) (ichiman)
1012 8×1012 1013 1016 6×1016 8×1016 1017 1018
一(いっ)兆(ちょう) (itchō) 八(はっ)兆(ちょう) (hatchō) 十(じゅっ)兆(ちょう) (jutchō) 一(いっ)京(けい) (ikkei) 六(ろっ)京(けい) (rokkei) 八(はっ)京(けい) (hakkei) 十(じゅっ)京(けい) (jukkei) 百(ひゃっ)京(けい) (hyakkei)

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 七 (MC t͡sʰiɪt̚).

Historical readings


Korean numbers (edit)
70
 ←  6 7 8  → 
    Native isol.: 일곱 (ilgop)
    Native attr.: 일곱 (ilgop)
    Sino-Korean: 칠 (chil)
    Hanja: 七
    Ordinal: 일곱째 (ilgopjjae)

PronunciationEdit

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

七, eumhun 일곱 칠 (ilgop chil)

  1. Hanja form? of 칠 (“seven”).

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

ReferencesEdit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Old JapaneseEdit

Old Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  6 7 8  > 
    Cardinal : 七
    Ordinal : 七つ

EtymologyEdit

Unbound apophonic form of なの (⟨nano2⟩ → nano). From Proto-Japonic *nana.

NumeralEdit

七 (nana)

  1. seven, 7
    • 711–712, Kojiki (poem 15)
      夜麻登能(やまとの)多加佐士怒袁(たかさじのを)那那(なな)由久(ゆく)袁登賣杼母(をとめども)多禮袁志摩加牟(たれをしまかむ) [Man'yōgana]
      大和(やまと)の高(たか)佐士野(さじの)をなな行(ゆ)くをとめども誰(たれ)をし枕(ま)かむ [Modern spelling]
      Yamato no Takasajino o nana yuku otome-domo tare o shi makamu
      (please add an English translation of this example)

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Japanese: 七 (nana)

ReferencesEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

七: Hán Việt readings: thất (戚(thích)悉(tất)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
七: Nôm readings: thất[2], sất[1]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived termsEdit

Compounds

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ^ Trần (2004).
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