古代

Chinese

		ancient; old	substitute; replace; generation substitute; replace; generation; dynasty; geological era; era; age; period
simp. and trad. (古代)		古	代

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gǔdài

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic): гўдэ (gwde, II-III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): gu² doi⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gu² oi⁵

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kú-thoi
• Min Nan (POJ): kó͘-tāi
• Wu (Wiktionary): ku de (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: gǔdài
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guuday
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǔdài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic: гўдэ (gwde, II-III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵¹ tɛ⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu² doi⁶
    • Yale: gú doih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu² doi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu² doi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː³⁵ tɔːy̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gu² oi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵ ᵘɔi³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kú-thoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: gu` toi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gu³ toi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ku³¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-tāi
    • Tâi-lô: kóo-tāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kofdai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taɪ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ taɪ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taɪ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ taɪ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ taɪ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ku de (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kv̩ʷ³³ d̻e̞⁴⁴/

Noun

古代

1. antiquity; ancient times

Synonyms

edit

• 上古 (shànggǔ)
• 先代 (xiāndài) (literary)
• 先古 (xiāngǔ) (literary)
• 古早 (gǔzǎo) (chiefly Min)
• 古時／古时 (gǔshí)

• 太古 (tàigǔ) (often attributive)
• 曠古／旷古 (kuànggǔ)
• 絕代／绝代 (juédài) (literary)
• 遠古／远古 (yuǎngǔ)
• 邃古 (suìgǔ)

Adjective

古代

1. (attributive) ancient

   古代歷史 / 古代历史  ―  gǔdài lìshǐ  ―  ancient history

   古代文獻 / 古代文献  ―  gǔdài wénxiàn  ―  ancient documents

   古代建築 / 古代建筑  ―  gǔdài jiànzhù  ―  ancient architecture

Synonyms

edit

• 古典 (gǔdiǎn) (attributive)
• 古老 (gǔlǎo)

• 古舊／古旧 (gǔjiù)

Derived terms

• 古代人 (gǔdàirén)
• 古代史 (gǔdàishǐ)

• 古代希臘語／古代希腊语 (Gǔdài Xīlàyǔ)
• 古代漢語／古代汉语 (gǔdài hànyǔ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (古代):

• → Japanese: 古代(こだい) (kodai)
• → Korean: 고대 (古代, godae)
• → Vietnamese: cổ đại (古代)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
古	代
こ Grade: 2	だい Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) こ​だい [kóꜜdàì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞da̠i]

Adjectival noun

古(こ)代(だい) • (kodai) -na (adnominal 古(こ)代(だい)な (kodai na), adverbial 古(こ)代(だい)に (kodai ni))

1. (archaic) antique, old-fashioned
2. (colloquial) ancient

Noun

古(こ)代(だい) • (kodai) 

1. ancient times, antiquity, remote ages

Derived terms

• 古代語 (kodaigo): ancient language
• 古代史 (kodaishi): ancient history
• 古代紫 (kodaimurasaki): reddish-purple
• 古代人 (kodaijin): the ancients, ancient people
• 古代米 (kodaimai): ancient rice varieties, wild rice
• 古代裂れ (kodaigire): ancient cloth fragment
• 古代エジプト (kodai ejiputo): ancient Egypt

• 古代オリンピック (kodai orinpikku): ancient Olympics
• 古代ギリシャ, 古代希臘 (kodai girisha): ancient Greece
• 古代ギリシア (kodai girishia): ancient Greece
• 古代ローマ (kodai rōma): ancient Rome
• 古代中国 (kodai chūgoku): ancient China
• 古代文明 (kodai bunmei): ancient civilization
• 太古代 (taikodai): Archean

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Korean

Hanja in this term
古	代

Noun

古代 • (godae) (hangeul 고대)

1. Hanja form^? of 고대 (“antiquity”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
古	代

Adjective

古代

1. Hán tự form of cổ đại (“ancient”).