味噌
Chinese
edittaste | sound of bells, etc; to scold; whoosh! | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (味噌) |
味 | 噌 |
Etymology
editOrthographic borrowing from Japanese 味噌 (miso).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ ㄘㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wèiceng
- Wade–Giles: wei4-tsʻêng1
- Yale: wèi-tsēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weytseng
- Palladius: вэйцэн (vɛjcɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ ㄗㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wèizeng
- Wade–Giles: wei4-tsêng1
- Yale: wèi-dzēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weytzeng
- Palladius: вэйцзэн (vɛjczɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: mei6 zang1
- Yale: meih jāng
- Cantonese Pinyin: mei6 dzang1
- Guangdong Romanization: méi6 zeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /mei̯²² t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Hsinchu, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mí-so͘h
- Tâi-lô: mí-sooh
- Phofsit Daibuun: mysoq
- IPA (Tainan): /mĩ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sɔʔ³²/
- IPA (Yilan): /mĩ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sɔʔ²/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mí-soh
- Tâi-lô: mí-soh
- Phofsit Daibuun: mysoiq
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sɤʔ³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ soʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bí-so͘h
- Tâi-lô: bí-sooh
- Phofsit Daibuun: bysoq
- IPA (Lukang): /bi⁵⁵⁻³⁵ sɔʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Hsinchu, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan)
Noun
edit味噌
- miso (fermenting soybean paste)
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 味噌 (“miso (fermenting soybean paste)”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 味噌 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 麵豉, 麵豉醬 |
Southern Min | Taipei | 豆醬, 味噌 |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 豆醬, mi-só-sí-luh | |
Kaohsiung | 味噌 | |
Yilan | 豆醬, 味噌 | |
Changhua (Lukang) | 豆醬, 味噌 | |
Taichung | 味噌 | |
Tainan | 豆醬, 味噌 | |
Hsinchu | 味噌, 日本豆醬 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 味噌 |
Derived terms
editJapanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
味 | 噌 |
み Grade: 3 |
そ Jinmeiyō |
goon | kan'yōon |
Alternative spellings |
---|
未醤 味醤 |
Etymology
edit*/misau/ → */misɔ/ → /miso/
From Old Japanese. First attested in Ritsuryō tax records from 738 CE, with the spelling 未醤.[1]
Possibly either directly from Middle Chinese 未醬 (MC mj+jH tsjangH), or a coinage in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements as a compound of 未 (mi, “not yet, immature”) + 醬 (sō, “sauce”, the older goon reading, from even older sau).
Vovin, however, considers it to be a borrowing from Koreanic,[2] compare Modern Korean 메주 (meju) "brick of dried fermented soybeans."
Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *misV.
Pronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Noun
edit- miso (fermented soybean paste)
- the innards of a crab or shrimp resembling miso
- the good part (from the taste of miso)
- そこがミソなんだよ。
- Soko ga miso na n da yo.
- That's the great part about it.
- そこがミソなんだよ。
- Short for 味噌っ滓 (misokkasu): a good-for-nothing child
- a weakling
- a failure
Derived terms
editDerived terms
- 味噌和え, 味噌韲え (misoae)
- 味噌餡 (misoan)
- 味噌水, 糝 (misōzu), 味噌水 (misō)
- 味噌買い橋 (Miso Kaibashi)
- 味噌滓, 味噌糟 (miso kasu), 味噌っ滓 (misokkasu)
- 味噌カツ (miso katsu)
- 味噌粥 (misogayu)
- 味噌川 (Misogawa)
- 味噌糞 (miso kuso)
- 味噌蔵 (misogura)
- 味噌気 (misoke)
- 味噌麹 (miso kōji)
- 味噌漉し (misokoshi)
- 味噌汁 (misoshiru, “miso soup”)
- 味噌擂り (misosuri)
- 味噌擂り坊主 (misosuri bōzu)
- 味噌煎餅 (miso senbei)
- 味噌玉 (misodama)
- 味噌搗き (misotsuki)
- 味噌漬け, 味噌漬 (miso-zuke)
- 味噌直 (misonaoshi)
- 味噌煮 (misoni)
- 味噌っ歯 (misoppa)
- 味噌ピーナツ (miso pīnatsu)
- 味噌部屋 (miso-beya)
- 味噌豆 (misomame)
- 味噌焼, 味噌焼き (misoyaki)
- 味噌役人 (miso yakunin)
- 味噌用人 (miso yōnin)
- 赤味噌 (akamiso)
- 甘味噌 (amamiso)
- 合せ味噌, 合わせ味噌 (awasemiso)
- 田舎味噌 (inaka miso)
- 魚味噌 (uo miso)
- 江戸味噌 (Edo miso)
- 岡崎味噌 (Okazaki miso)
- 落し味噌, 落とし味噌 (otoshimiso)
- 牡蠣味噌 (kaki miso)
- 鰹味噌 (katsuo miso)
- 蟹味噌 (kanimiso)
- 榧味噌 (kaya miso)
- 辛味噌 (karamiso)
- 乾燥味噌 (kansō miso)
- 切味噌, 切り味噌 (kirimiso)
- 径山寺味噌, 金山寺味噌 (Kinzanji miso)
- 糞味噌 (kuso miso)
- 五斗味噌, 後藤味噌 (goto miso)
- 粉味噌 (kona miso)
- 胡麻味噌 (goma miso)
- 米味噌 (kome miso)
- 西京味噌 (Saikyō miso)
- 桜味噌 (sakura miso)
- 山椒味噌 (sanshō miso)
- 三年味噌 (sannen miso)
- 敷味噌, 敷き味噌 (shikimiso)
- 生姜味噌 (shōga miso)
- 白味噌 (shiromiso)
- 信州味噌 (Shinshū miso)
- 糂粏味噌 (jinda miso)
- 酢味噌 (sumiso)
- 仙台味噌 (Sendai miso)
- 鯛味噌 (tai miso)
- 玉味噌 (tamamiso)
- 駄味噌 (damiso)
- 垂れ味噌 (taremiso)
- 鉄火味噌 (tekka miso)
- 手味噌 (temiso)
- 泣味噌, 泣き味噌 (nakimiso)
- 生味噌 (namamiso)
- なめ味噌, 嘗め味噌 (namemiso)
- 肉味噌 (niku miso)
- 糠味噌 (nuka miso)
- 葱味噌 (negi miso)
- 練味噌, 練り味噌, 煉り味噌 (nerimiso)
- 脳味噌 (nōmiso, “brains”)
- 八丁味噌 (hatchō miso)
- ピーナツ味噌 (pīnatsu miso)
- 蕗味噌 (fukimiso)
- 袱紗味噌 (fukusa miso)
- 朴葉味噌 (hōba miso)
- 法論味噌 (horomiso)
- 豆味噌 (mame miso)
- 麦味噌 (mugi miso)
- 諸味味噌 (moromi miso)
- 焼味噌, 焼き味噌 (yakimiso)
- 柚味噌 (yuzu miso), 柚味噌 (yumiso)
- 弱味噌 (yowamiso)
Idioms
editIdioms
Proverbs
edit- 味噌も糞も一緒 (miso mo kuso mo issho), 糞も味噌も一緒 (kuso mo miso mo issho)
- 鬼味噌 (oni miso)
- 長者の脛に味噌を塗る (chōja no hagi ni miso o nuru)
Descendants
edit- → Chinese: 味噌
- → Min Nan: Mí-sooh
- → English: miso
- → French: miso
- → German: Miso
- → Hindi: मिसो (miso)
- → Italian: miso
- → Korean: 미소 (miso)
- → Macanese: miçó, missó
- → Persian: میسو (miso)
- → Portuguese: missô
- → Russian: ми́со (míso)
- → Spanish: miso
See also
edit- 醤 (hishio)
Proper noun
edit- a surname
References
edit- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Vovin, Alexander (2007) “Korean Loanwords”, in Altai Hakpo (알타이학보)[1], volume 17, pages 77-78
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
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- Hokkien lemmas
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- Chinese terms spelled with 噌
- Japanese terms spelled with 味 read as み
- Japanese terms spelled with 噌 read as そ
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