坯

See also: 壞

坯 U+576F, 坯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-576F ← 坮 [U+576E] CJK Unified Ideographs 坰 → [U+5770]

Translingual

Han character

坯 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土一火一 (GMFM), four-corner 4111₉, composition ⿰土丕)

1. dam, embankment
2. weir

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4984
• Dae Jaweon: page 462, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 430, character 1
• Unihan data for U+576F

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (不) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
肧	*pʰlɯː, *pʰɯ, *pʰlɯː
俖	*pʰɯːʔ
娝	*prɯʔ
痞	*prɯʔ, *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ
丕	*pʰrɯ
伾	*pʰrɯ
秠	*pʰrɯ, *pʰrɯʔ, *pʰɯ, *pʰɯʔ
駓	*pʰrɯ
怌	*pʰrɯ
豾	*pʰrɯ
髬	*pʰrɯ
魾	*pʰrɯ, *brɯ
鉟	*pʰrɯ, *brɯ
嚭	*pʰrɯʔ
邳	*brɯ
岯	*brɯ
否	*brɯʔ, *pɯʔ
抔	*bɯ, *pʰlɯː
不	*pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ'
紑	*pɯ, *pʰɯ, *pʰɯʔ
鴀	*pɯ, *pɯʔ
衃	*pʰɯ, *pʰlɯː
罘	*bɯ
芣	*bɯ
杯	*plɯː
盃	*plɯː
桮	*pɯː
坯	*pʰɯː
胚	*pʰɯː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰɯː) : semantic 土 + phonetic 丕 (OC *pʰrɯ).

Etymology 1

trad.		坯
simp. #		坯
alternative forms		坏

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): pī, pēi

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧ, ㄆㄟ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pei¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pui¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phôi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): poi¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): pi¹
• Northern Min (KCR): pó
• Eastern Min (BUC): puŏi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phoe / pher / phe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): puê¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹phe
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pei¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pī
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pi
    • Wade–Giles: pʻi¹
    • Yale: pī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pi
    • Palladius: пи (pi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pēi
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pei
    • Wade–Giles: pʻei¹
    • Yale: pēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pei
    • Palladius: пэй (pɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰeɪ̯⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: pei¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pei
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰei⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pui¹
    • Yale: pūi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pui¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: pui¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːi̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phôi
    • Hakka Romanization System: poi´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: poi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰoi̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: poi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰoɪ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: pi¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰxi¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰo⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: puŏi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰui⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoe
    • Tâi-lô: phue
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoef
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰue⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰue³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pher
    • Tâi-lô: pher
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰə³³/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phe
    • Tâi-lô: phe
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phef
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /pʰe⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: puê¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phue
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰue³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹phe
    • MiniDict: phe^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹phe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰe⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: pei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰe̞i̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: phwoj

Rime
Character	坯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	芳杯切
Baxter	phwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰuoi/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰwəj/
Li Rong	/pʰuᴀi/
Wang Li	/pʰuɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pēi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pui1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	坯
Reading #	1/1
No.	1046
Phonetic component	不
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	肧
Old Chinese	/*pʰɯː/

Definitions

坯

1. unburnt pottery and bricks; base
2. adobe
3. (figurative) unfinished or semifinished product
4. hill

Synonyms

• (unfinished product):

• 半成品 (bànchéngpǐn)
• 半製品／半制品 (bànzhìpǐn)
• 在製品／在制品 (zàizhìpǐn)
• 坯料 (pīliào)
• 毛坯 (máopī)
• 粗坯 (Hokkien)

 

Compounds

• 土坯 (tǔpī)
• 坯子 (pēizi)
• 坯布
• 坯料 (pīliào)
• 坯體／坯体
• 壞坯子／坏坯子
• 殺坯／杀坯
• 毛坯 (máopī)
• 泥坯
• 磚坯／砖坯 (zhuānpī)
• 線坯子／线坯子
• 製坯／制坯
• 麵坯兒／面坯儿

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 坯 – see 壞 (“bad; rotten; spoiled; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 壞).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 坯 – see 坏 (“unfired pottery and bricks; base; low hill; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 坏).

Japanese

Kanji

坯

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): ひ (hi); はい (hai); へ (he)
• Kun: おか (oka)

Korean

Hanja

坯 • (bae) (hangeul 배, revised bae, McCune–Reischauer pae)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

坯: Hán Nôm readings: phôi, phơ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation