自転車

Japanese

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自転車

Alternative spelling
自轉車 (kyūjitai)

Coined in Japan in 1870 in the Meiji period in reference to a patented tricycle design.^[1] Later used to refer to bicycles.

Compound of Sinitic-derived elements 自 (ji, “self”) +‎ 転 (ten, “rolling”, simplified modern form of 轉) +‎ 車 (sha, “vehicle”).

自(じ)転(てん)車(しゃ) • (jitensha) ^{←じてんしや (zitensya)^?} (counter 台)

(slang) チャリンコ (charinko)
(slang) チャリ (chari)
(slang) ママチャリ (mamachari): a bicycle with extra baskets for groceries and children, generally ridden by young mothers

自転車横断帯 (じてんしゃおうだんたい, jitensha ōdantai) (road sign) bicycle crossing
自転車競技 (じてんしゃきょうぎ, jitensha kyōgi): a bicycle competition (race)
自転車競走 (じてんしゃきょうそう, jitensha kyōsō): a bicycle race
自転車操業 (じてんしゃそうぎょう, jitensha sōgyō): “bicycle operations” → a business model that requires regular infusions of external capital to remain viable (similar to riding a bicycle, as halting operations means immediate bankruptcy, much as stopping pedaling causes a bicycle rider to fall over)
自転車屋 (じてんしゃや, jitensha-ya): a bike shop, a bicycle store
自転車旅行 (じてんしゃりょこう, jitensha ryokō): a bicycle trip, bike touring

Alternative spelling
自轉車 (kyūjitai)

自(じ)転(でん)車(しゃ) • (jidensha) (counter 台)

^ 1997, Toshihiko Saitō, くるまたちの社会史: 人力車から自動車まで (Kuruma-tachi no Shakai-shi: Jinrikisha Kara Jidōsha Made, “A Social History of Cars: From Rickshaws to Automobiles”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Chūōkōron-sha, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN