Wiktionary

自

See also: 白, 目, and 且
自 U+81EA, 自
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81EA
← 臩
[U+81E9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 臫 →
[U+81EB]
⾃ U+2F83, ⾃
KANGXI RADICAL SELF
← ⾂
[U+2F82] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾄ →
[U+2F84]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 132 自

自 (Kangxi radical 132, 自+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹月山 (HBU), four-corner 26000, composition ⿱丿目)

  1. Kangxi radical #132, ⾃.

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1000, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30095
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1452, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3046, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+81EA

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 自

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 自
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
           
Characters in the same phonetic series (自) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
郋 *ɡiːl
自 *ɦljids
洎 *krids, *ɡrids
臮 *ɡrids
垍 *ɡrids
詯 *qʰʷlɯːls, *ɡʷlɯːls

Originally a pictogram (象形) of a nose; in China (and East Asia) one points at one’s nose to indicate oneself, hence an ideogram (指事) of “self”.

The original meaning of “nose” has been replaced by 鼻.

PronunciationEdit

Note: zí - used in some colloquial terms.
Note:
  • Sixian:
    • chhi/chhit/chhì/chhi̍t - only in 自家;
    • Meixian:
    • ci2 - only in 自家.
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
    • Note:
    • cī - vernacular;
    • cu̿ - vernacular (used in 自己);
    • cù - literary.
  • Min Dong
    • Note:
    • cê - vernacular;
    • cê̤ṳ - literary.
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Note:
    • zr5 - vernacular;
    • zr4 - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 自
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡sz̩⁵¹/
    Harbin /t͡sz̩⁵³/
    Tianjin /t͡sz̩⁵³/
    Jinan /t͡sz̩⁴²/ ～己
    /t͡sz̩²¹/ ～來水
    Qingdao /t͡sz̩⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡sz̩³¹²/
    Xi'an /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/
    Xining /t͡sz̩²¹³/
    Yinchuan /t͡sz̩¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡sz̩¹³/
    Ürümqi /t͡sz̩²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡sz̩³⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡sz̩¹³/
    Guiyang /t͡sz̩²¹³/
    Kunming /t͡sz̩²¹²/
    Nanjing /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/
    Hefei /t͡sz̩⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sz̩⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /t͡sz̩³⁵/
    Hohhot /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
    Suzhou /zz̩³¹/
    Hangzhou /zz̩¹³/
    Wenzhou /zz̩²²/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʰz̩²²/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
    /sz̩⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
    /t͡sz̩¹¹/
    Xiangtan /d͡zz̩²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Taoyuan /t͡sʰï⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡si²²/
    Nanning /t͡sz̩²²/
    Hong Kong /t͡si²²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡su²²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sɛi²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡su⁴²/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sɯ³¹/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡si³³/ ～己
    /t͡si³⁵/ ～從
    Rime
    Character 自
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 從 (15)
    Final (韻) 脂 (15)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 疾二切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/d͡ziɪH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/d͡ziH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/d͡zjɪH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/d͡ziH/
    Li
    Rong         		/d͡ziH/
    Wang
    Li         		/d͡ziH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/d͡zʱiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zi6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 自 自
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zì zì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ dzijH › ‹ dzijH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s.[b]i[t]-s/ /*s.[b]i[t]-s/
    English self (adv.) to follow; from

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 自
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 17879
    Phonetic
    component         		自
    Rime
    group         		至
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		自
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɦljids/

    DefinitionsEdit

    自

    1. self, oneself; one's own
      自顧自／自顾自  ―  zìgùzì  ―  each minding his own business; each for himself
    2. certainly, of course
    3. personally
    4. since; from
      自左而右  ―  zì zuǒ ér yòu  ―  from left to right

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 自

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    自

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. self, oneself

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    自 (eumhun 스스로 자 (seuseuro ja))

    1. Hanja form? of 자 (“self”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms

    OkinawanEdit

    KanjiEdit

    自

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    自: Hán Nôm readings: tự, từ, tợ

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    ZhuangEdit

    Proper nounEdit

    自

    1. Sawndip form of sw
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