-ակ

See also: ակ and Appendix:Variations of "ak"

Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian -ակ (-ak).

Pronunciation

• (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [ɑk]
• (Western Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [ɑɡ]

Suffix

-ակ • (-ak)

1. forming diminutives

   Synonyms: -իկ (-ik), -ուկ (-uk)

   գետակ ― getak ― rivulet

   տնակ ― tnak ― little house

2. forming names of things (tools) or people performing some action

   սուզակ ― suzak ― diver

   սահնակ ― sahnak ― sled, sleigh

Derived terms

► Armenian words suffixed with -ակ

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Old Armenian

Etymology

From Iranian *-ak, *-āk. Compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (-k' /-ag/), Persian ـه‎ (-e). The suffix in its agent-noun-forming function is found in the following wholly borrowed terms: դերձակ (derjak), վարձակ (varjak), պատմուճակ (patmučak), նուիրակ (nuirak) and perhaps աւազակ (awazak).

Suffix

-ակ • (-ak)

1. forming diminutives from nominal stems

   աթոռ ― atʿoṙ ― chair

   աթոռակ ― atʿoṙak ― small chair

   նաւ ― naw ― ship

   նաւակ ― nawak ― boat

2. forming agent nouns from verbal stems

   գտանեմ ― gtanem ― to find, invent

   գտակ ― gtak ― inventor

   լողամ ― lołam ― to swim

   լողակ ― lołak ― swimmer

3. forming adjectives

   բոլորակ ― bolorak ― circular

4. forming nouns from verbs

   է ― ē ― is

   էակ ― ēak ― being

5. forming nouns from adjectives, adverbs and pronouns

   քանի ― kʿani ― how many?

   քանակ ― kʿanak ― quantity

Declension

i-a-type

	singular		plural
nominative	-ակ (-ak)		-ակք (-akkʿ)
genitive	-ակի (-aki)		-ակաց (-akacʿ)
dative	-ակի (-aki)		-ակաց (-akacʿ)
accusative	-ակ (-ak)		-ակս (-aks)
ablative	-ակէ (-akē)		-ակաց (-akacʿ)
instrumental	-ակաւ (-akaw)		-ակաւք = -ակօք (-akawkʿ = -akōkʿ)
locative	-ակի (-aki)		-ակս (-aks)

Synonyms

• (diminutive): -իկ (-ik), -ուկ (-uk)

Derived terms

► Old Armenian words suffixed with -ակ

Related terms

• աւերակ (awerak)
• հրովարտակ (hrovartak)
• նշանակ (nšanak)

Descendants

• Armenian: -ակ (-ak)

Further reading

• Asatrjan, G. S. (2013) , “Parfjanskoje gōsān [Parthian gōsān]”, in Toxtasʹjev S. R., Lurʹje P. B., editors, Commentationes Iranicae. Sbornik statej k 90-letiju Vladimira Aronoviča Livšica‎^[1] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istorija, →ISBN, page 103
• Gočanean, Pōłos (2011) Dasakan grabari gorcnakan kʿerakanutʿiwn [Practical Grammar of Classical Old Armenian] (in Armenian), Vienna, Yerevan: Mekhitarist Press, page 64
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1998) , “-ակ”, in Hin hayereni verǰacancʿneri cagumə [The Origin of Old Armenian Suffixes] (Hayocʿ lezvi hamematakan kʿerakanutʿyan harcʿer; 2) (in Armenian), Yerevan: Anania Širakacʿi, pages 5–48