-illo
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈil.loː/, [ˈɪlːʲoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈil.lo/, [ˈilːo]
Etymology 1 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix edit
-illō (present infinitive -illāre, perfect active -illāvī, supine -illātum); first conjugation
- Forms diminutive verbs from verbs.
Conjugation edit
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
2The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Suffix edit
-illō
Spanish edit
Alternative forms edit
- -illa (with feminine nouns)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Spanish -iello, from Latin -ellus, an extension of -lus.
Pronunciation edit
- Syllabification: -i‧llo
Suffix edit
-illo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -illos)
- added to masculine nouns to denote a diminutive form
Usage notes edit
- If the noun has a final vowel (usually -o), it is dropped before adding -illo.
- In most cases, -illo is used simply to indicate a small or endeared thing, without changing the basic meaning of the noun; however, in some cases, it is used to effect a greater change in meaning, such as bolsillo (“pocket”), from bolso (“handbag, purse”).
- Different nouns tend to prefer different diminutive suffixes (see synonyms below), though some nouns accept multiple diminutives, and there is often regional or personal variation.
- For masculine nouns ending in -a, there is some alternation between the gender-reflecting diminutive -illo and the ending-reflecting diminutive -illa. When the latter is used, -ill- may be considered an infix.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “-illo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014