basil
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation, Canada, General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈbæz.əl/
- (Canada, US) IPA(key): /ˈbeɪ.zəl/
- Rhymes: -eɪzəl
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Middle English basile, from Middle French basile, from Old French basile, from Medieval Latin basilicum, from Ancient Greek βασιλικόν (basilikón, “royal”), from βασιλεύς (basileús, “king”). Doublet of basilic, basilicon, and basilicum; further related to basileus, basilean, and basileiolatry.
Noun edit
basil (usually uncountable, plural basils)
- A plant (Ocimum basilicum).
- Synonyms: sweet basil, St. Joseph's wort, common basil, American dittany, great basil
- The leaves of this plant used as a herb.
- Synonym: sweet basil
- Any other species in the genus Ocimum.
Derived terms edit
- Asian basil (Ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora)
- basil balm (Monarda clinopodia etc.)
- basil thyme (Acinos arvensis, syn. Calamintha acinos)
- common basil (Ocimum basilicum)
- field basil (Clinopodium vulgare, Pycnanthemum virginianum, etc.)
- hoary basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum)
- holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum)
- Lao basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum)
- lemon basil (Ocimum × africanum)
- purple basil (Ocimum basilicum purpureum)
- sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum)
- Thai basil (Ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora)
- wild basil (Clinopodium vulgare, Pycnanthemum virginianum, etc.)
Descendants edit
- → Indonesian: basil
Translations edit
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Further reading edit
- basil on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Ocimum on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
- Ocimum on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
Etymology 2 edit
Variant of bezel.
Noun edit
basil (plural basils)
- The angle to which a joiner's tool is ground away.
- 1678 April 11 – May 11 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Moxon, “Numb[er] IV. The Art of Joynery.”, in Mechanick Exercises, or The Doctrine of Handy-Works, […], volume I, London: […] Joseph Moxon, published 1678, →OCLC, § 10 (Of Grinding and Whetting the Iron, and Other Edge-tools), pages 71–72:
- [H]old the edge of your Iron upvvards in your left hand and your VVhet-ſtone in your right, and having firſt ſpit upon your Stone to vvet it, apply it to the Baſil of your Iron, in ſuch a Poſition that it may bear upon the vvhole bredth of the Baſil; and ſo vvorking the Stone over the Baſil, you vvill quickly vvear the courſer grating of the Grind ſtone off the edge on that ſide: […]
Verb edit
basil (third-person singular simple present basils, present participle basilling, simple past and past participle basilled)
- (transitive) To grind the edge of a tool to an acute angle.
Synonyms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Corrupted from English basan, from French basane, from Late Latin basanium, from Arabic بِطانَة (biṭāna, “lining”).
Noun edit
basil (plural basils)
Synonyms edit
Etymology 4 edit
From Old French basile (“basilisk”).
Noun edit
basil (plural basils)
- (obsolete) A type of cannon.
- (now historical, archaic) A fetter fastened round the ankle of a prisoner.
- 2001, Richard Flanagan, Gould's Book of Fish, Vintage, published 2016, page 49:
- When I once more feel that sharp smarting around the scabby sores that cluster like so many oysters on my ankles beneath my chained iron basils, I know that the tide has turned.
Anagrams edit
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Dutch bacil, from French bacille, from German Bazillus or translingual Bacillus, coined by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg.
Noun edit
basil
Etymology 2 edit
From English basil, from Old French basile, from Medieval Latin basilicum, from Ancient Greek βασιλικόν (basilikón, “royal”), from βασιλεύς (basileús, “king”).
Noun edit
basil
- basil (Ocimum basilicum)
- Synonym: selasih
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “basil” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.