claudo
Latin edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Italic *klaudō, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“key, hook, nail”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “bar, bolt, key”), Old High German sliozan (“to close, conclude, lock”), Old Saxon slūtan (“to close, conclude, lock”).
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈklau̯.doː/, [ˈkɫ̪äu̯d̪oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈklau̯.do/, [ˈkläːu̯d̪o]
Verb edit
claudō (present infinitive claudere, perfect active clausī, supine clausum); third conjugation
- to shut up, close, lock
- Synonyms: retineō, intersaepiō, interclūdō, inclūdō, operiō, premō, obserō
- Antonyms: adaperiō, aperiō, patefaciō
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.232-233:
- “quid Trōēs potuēre, quibus, tot fūnera passīs,
cūnctus ob Ītaliam terrārum clauditur orbis?”- “What have the Trojans done, for whom, having suffered so many losses, the whole circle of the lands has been closed. [And all] for the sake of Italy.”
(Venus, speaking to Jupiter, laments the plight of the Trojans as they wander the Mediterranean shores.)
- “What have the Trojans done, for whom, having suffered so many losses, the whole circle of the lands has been closed. [And all] for the sake of Italy.”
- “quid Trōēs potuēre, quibus, tot fūnera passīs,
- to imprison, confine
- Synonyms: comprehendo, retineo, intersaepio, includo, intercludo, arceo, impedio, urgeō, coerceō, prohibeo
- to encompass, surround
- Synonyms: complector, amplector, stīpō, circumdō, circumveniō
- to besiege, blockade
- Synonyms: circumveniō, circumeō, circumsistō, circumdō, obsideō, assideō, circumsaepiō, saepiō, obstruō
- to limit, restrict
- to terminate, finish, complete
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative form of claudeō (“limp”), from claudus (“limping; lame”).
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
claudō (present infinitive claudere, supine clausum); third conjugation, no perfect stem
- Alternative form of claudeō
Conjugation edit
Adjective edit
claudō
References edit
- “claudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “claudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- claudo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- claudo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to turn a deaf ear to, to open one's ears to..: aures claudere, patefacere (e.g. veritati, assentatoribus)
- (ambiguous) to open, shut the door: ostium, fores aperire, claudere
- (ambiguous) to bring up the rear: agmen claudere, cogere
- (ambiguous) to besiege a city: oppidum obsidione claudere
- (ambiguous) to turn a deaf ear to, to open one's ears to..: aures claudere, patefacere (e.g. veritati, assentatoribus)
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “claudĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, page 747