confirmo

See also: confirmó

Catalan edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): (Central) [kuɱˈfir.mu]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [kuɱˈfir.mo]
IPA^(key): (Valencian) [koɱˈfiɾ.mo]

Verb edit

confirmo

first-person singular present indicative of confirmar

Galician edit

Verb edit

confirmo

first-person singular present indicative of confirmar

Latin edit

Etymology edit

From con- (“with, together”) +‎ firmō (“strengthen, fortify”).

Pronunciation edit

(Classical) IPA^(key): /konˈfir.moː/, [kõːˈfɪrmoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /konˈfir.mo/, [koɱˈfirmo]

Verb edit

cōnfirmō (present infinitive cōnfirmāre, perfect active cōnfirmāvī, supine cōnfirmātum); first conjugation

to make firm, establish, re-establish, strengthen, fortify, mature, confirm
Synonyms: firmō, mūniō, fortificō, cōnsolidō, immunīo, sistō

Antonyms: dēterō, atterō, effēminō, minuō, frangō, tenuō, afficiō
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.15.22:
  Dissipantur cōgitātiōnēs ubi nōn est cōnsilium: ubi vērō plūrēs sunt cōnsiliāriī, cōnfirmantur.
  Designs are brought to nothing where there is no counsel: but where there are many counsellors, they are established.
  (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)
to encourage, animate, embolden; persuade
Synonym: firmō

Antonyms: deficiō, prōflīgō, dēfatīgō
(by extension) to demonstrate, corroborate, support, prove or confirm the truth of something; assert, affirm

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of cōnfirmō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cōnfirmō	cōnfirmās	cōnfirmat	cōnfirmāmus	cōnfirmātis	cōnfirmant
	imperfect	cōnfirmābam	cōnfirmābās	cōnfirmābat	cōnfirmābāmus	cōnfirmābātis	cōnfirmābant
	future	cōnfirmābō	cōnfirmābis	cōnfirmābit	cōnfirmābimus	cōnfirmābitis	cōnfirmābunt
	perfect	cōnfirmāvī	cōnfirmāvistī, cōnfirmāstī¹	cōnfirmāvit, cōnfirmāt¹	cōnfirmāvimus, cōnfirmāmus¹	cōnfirmāvistis, cōnfirmāstis¹	cōnfirmāvērunt, cōnfirmāvēre, cōnfirmārunt¹
	pluperfect	cōnfirmāveram, cōnfirmāram¹	cōnfirmāverās, cōnfirmārās¹	cōnfirmāverat, cōnfirmārat¹	cōnfirmāverāmus, cōnfirmārāmus¹	cōnfirmāverātis, cōnfirmārātis¹	cōnfirmāverant, cōnfirmārant¹
	future perfect	cōnfirmāverō, cōnfirmārō¹	cōnfirmāveris, cōnfirmāris¹	cōnfirmāverit, cōnfirmārit¹	cōnfirmāverimus, cōnfirmārimus¹	cōnfirmāveritis, cōnfirmāritis¹	cōnfirmāverint, cōnfirmārint¹
passive	present	cōnfirmor	cōnfirmāris, cōnfirmāre	cōnfirmātur	cōnfirmāmur	cōnfirmāminī	cōnfirmantur
	imperfect	cōnfirmābar	cōnfirmābāris, cōnfirmābāre	cōnfirmābātur	cōnfirmābāmur	cōnfirmābāminī	cōnfirmābantur
	future	cōnfirmābor	cōnfirmāberis, cōnfirmābere	cōnfirmābitur	cōnfirmābimur	cōnfirmābiminī	cōnfirmābuntur
	perfect	cōnfirmātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cōnfirmātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cōnfirmātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cōnfirmem	cōnfirmēs	cōnfirmet	cōnfirmēmus	cōnfirmētis	cōnfirment
	imperfect	cōnfirmārem	cōnfirmārēs	cōnfirmāret	cōnfirmārēmus	cōnfirmārētis	cōnfirmārent
	perfect	cōnfirmāverim, cōnfirmārim¹	cōnfirmāverīs, cōnfirmārīs¹	cōnfirmāverit, cōnfirmārit¹	cōnfirmāverīmus, cōnfirmārīmus¹	cōnfirmāverītis, cōnfirmārītis¹	cōnfirmāverint, cōnfirmārint¹
	pluperfect	cōnfirmāvissem, cōnfirmāssem¹	cōnfirmāvissēs, cōnfirmāssēs¹	cōnfirmāvisset, cōnfirmāsset¹	cōnfirmāvissēmus, cōnfirmāssēmus¹	cōnfirmāvissētis, cōnfirmāssētis¹	cōnfirmāvissent, cōnfirmāssent¹
passive	present	cōnfirmer	cōnfirmēris, cōnfirmēre	cōnfirmētur	cōnfirmēmur	cōnfirmēminī	cōnfirmentur
	imperfect	cōnfirmārer	cōnfirmārēris, cōnfirmārēre	cōnfirmārētur	cōnfirmārēmur	cōnfirmārēminī	cōnfirmārentur
	perfect	cōnfirmātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	cōnfirmātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	cōnfirmā	—	—	cōnfirmāte	—
active	future	—	cōnfirmātō	cōnfirmātō	—	cōnfirmātōte	cōnfirmantō
passive	present	—	cōnfirmāre	—	—	cōnfirmāminī	—
passive	future	—	cōnfirmātor	cōnfirmātor	—	—	cōnfirmantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		cōnfirmāre	cōnfirmāvisse, cōnfirmāsse¹	cōnfirmātūrum esse	cōnfirmārī	cōnfirmātum esse	cōnfirmātum īrī
participles		cōnfirmāns	—	cōnfirmātūrus	—	cōnfirmātus	cōnfirmandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		cōnfirmandī	cōnfirmandō	cōnfirmandum	cōnfirmandō	cōnfirmātum	cōnfirmātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

Catalan: confirmar
English: confirm
French: confirmer
Friulian: confermâ
Galician: confirmar
Italian: confermare
Lombard: confermà
Norman: confirmer (Jersey)
Occitan: confirmar
Piedmontese: confermé
Portuguese: confirmar
Romanian: confirma
Spanish: confirmar

References edit

“confirmo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“confirmo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
confirmo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to quote precedents for a thing: aliquid exemplis probare, comprobare, confirmare
- to prove a thing indisputably: argumentis confirmare, comprobare, evincere aliquid (or c. Acc. c. Inf.)
- to strengthen, confirm a person's courage: animum alicuius confirmare
- to strengthen a person in his hopes: spem alicuius confirmare
- to weaken, destroy a man's credit: fidem alicuius imminuere, infirmare (opp. confirmare)
- to encourage, embolden the soldiery: animos militum confirmare (B. G. 5. 49)

Portuguese edit

Verb edit

confirmo

first-person singular present indicative of confirmar

Spanish edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /konˈfiɾmo/ [kõɱˈfiɾ.mo]
Rhymes: -iɾmo
Syllabification: con‧fir‧mo

Verb edit

confirmo

first-person singular present indicative of confirmar