cud

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cud"

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English code, cudde, coude, quede, quide, from Old English cudu, cwidu, from Proto-West Germanic *kwidu, from Proto-Germanic *kweduz (“resin”). Doublet of quid (“material for chewing”).

Cognate with German Kitt and Sanskrit जतु (jatu, “lac, gum”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: kŭd, IPA^(key): /kʌd/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌd

Noun

cud (countable and uncountable, plural cuds)

1. The portion of food which is brought back into the mouth by ruminating animals from their first stomach, to be chewed a second time.

Derived terms

• chew the cud
• cudweed

 

Translations

food chewed for a second time by ruminants

• Azerbaijani: göyüş
• Bulgarian: преживяна храна (preživjana hrana)
• Burmese: စမြုံ့ du or c du (ca.mrum.)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 反芻物／反刍物 (fǎnchúwù)

• Danish: drøv n
• Dutch: spijsbrok (nl), spijsbal
• Esperanto: please add this translation if you can
• Finnish: märepala (fi)
• French: herbe ruminée f
• Galician: remoallo (gl) m, rumiallo (gl) m, gaspallo (gl) m, bullo (gl) m
• German: Wiedergekäutes n, wiedergekäutes Futter n
• Hebrew: גֵּרָה (he) f (gerá)
• Hungarian: felkérődzött táplálék
• Icelandic: jórtur n, jórturtugga f
• Irish: cíor f
• Italian: bolo (it) m
• Kazakh: күйіс (küiıs)
• Khmer: អៀង (km) (ʼiəng)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: kayîn (ku) f

• Norwegian: drøv n
• Polish: żujka (pl) f
• Portuguese: remoalho (pt) m
• Romanian: rumegat n
• Russian: жва́чка (ru) f (žváčka)
• Spanish: bolo (es), rumen (es) m
• Tagalog: timayok
• Thai: เอื้อง (th) (ʉ̂ʉang)
• Tibetan: ལྡད (ldad)
• Turkish: geviş (tr)
• Ukrainian: жу́йка f (žújka)
• Welsh: cil (cy) m

Verb

cud (third-person singular simple present cuds, present participle cudding, simple past and past participle cudded)

1. (transitive) To bring back into the mouth and chew a second time.
   • 1942, Emily Carr, “Singing”, in The Book of Small, Toronto, Ont.: Oxford University Press, →OCLC:

     Here were two ladies nearly fifty years old, throwing back their heads to sing love songs, nursery songs, hymns, God Save the Queen, Rule Britannia—songs that spilled over the drawing-room as easily as Small's cow songs spilled over the yard, only Small's songs were new, fresh grass snatched as the cow snatched pasture grass. The ladies’ songs were rechews—cudded fodder.

   • 1952, Doris Lessing, Martha Quest, HarperCollins, published 2009, Part One, Chapter Two:

     […] although the wagon wheels perpetually flung up rivers of red sand, and she travelled in a column of whirling ruddy dust, the sweet perfumes of newly cudded grass mingled with it, mile after mile, as if the four-divided stomachs of the great oxen were filled with nothing but concentrated memories of hours of grazing along the water heavy vleis.

Etymology 2

Shortened form of could.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʊd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʊd

Verb

cud

1. (nonstandard, informal) Eye dialect spelling of could.
   • 1899, Jack London, The Men of Forty-Mile:

     'Twas the anchor-ice comin' up. To the right, to the lift, as far as iver a man cud see, the water was covered with the same.

Anagrams

• ucd, CDU, UCD, DCU, UDC, duc

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čudo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sut/
• Rhymes: -ut
• Syllabification: cud

Noun

cud m inan

1. miracle

Further reading

• Jan Trepczyk (1994) “cud”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “cud”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[1]
• “cud”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish czud, czudo, from Proto-Slavic *čudo.

Cognates include Ancient Greek κῦδος (kûdos, “glory”). The current form is a result of mazuration.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sut/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ut
• Syllabification: cud

Noun

cud m inan

1. miracle

Declension

Declension of cud

	singular	plural
nominative	cud	cuda/cudy
genitive	cudu	cudów
dative	cudowi	cudom
accusative	cud	cuda/cudy
instrumental	cudem	cudami
locative	cudzie	cudach
vocative	cudzie	cuda/cudy

Derived terms

• cudny
• cudotwórca
• cudowny

 

Related terms

• cudo
• czuć

 

Descendants

• → Belarusian: цуд (cud)

Further reading

• cud in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• cud in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “cud(o)”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN

Romagnol

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /cud/

Noun

cud f pl

1. plural of côda

Welsh

Alternative forms

• cut

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle English kyte.

Noun

cud m (plural cudiaid)

1. kite (bird)

Related terms

• barcud (“kite”)
• cudyll (“kestrel”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cud	gud	nghud	chud
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cud”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies