descarrilar

Catalan

Etymology

From des- +‎ carril +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [dəs.kə.riˈla]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [des.ka.riˈlaɾ]

Verb

descarrilar (first-person singular present descarrilo, first-person singular preterite descarrilí, past participle descarrilat)

1. (intransitive, of a train) to derail (to come off the tracks)
2. (transitive) to derail (to cause to deviate from a set course or direction)
   • 2017 January 4, Ricardo Mir de Francia, “El CEO d'Exxon, molt pròxim a Rússia, dirigirà la diplomàcia d'EUA”, in El Periódico‎^[1]:

     N’hi hauria prou amb tres vots republicans en contra seva, units a l’oposició demòcrata en bloc, per descarrilar la seva designació.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of descarrilar (first conjugation)

infinitive			descarrilar
gerund			descarrilant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		descarrilat		descarrilada
		plural		descarrilats		descarrilades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	descarrilo	descarriles	descarrila	descarrilem	descarrileu	descarrilen
	imperfect	descarrilava	descarrilaves	descarrilava	descarrilàvem	descarrilàveu	descarrilaven
	future	descarrilaré	descarrilaràs	descarrilarà	descarrilarem	descarrilareu	descarrilaran
	preterite	descarrilí	descarrilares	descarrilà	descarrilàrem	descarrilàreu	descarrilaren
	conditional	descarrilaria	descarrilaries	descarrilaria	descarrilaríem	descarrilaríeu	descarrilarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	descarrili	descarrilis	descarrili	descarrilem	descarrileu	descarrilin
	imperfect	descarrilés	descarrilessis	descarrilés	descarriléssim	descarriléssiu	descarrilessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	descarrila	descarrili	descarrilem	descarrileu	descarrilin
	negative (no)	—	no descarrilis	no descarrili	no descarrilem	no descarrileu	no descarrilin

Derived terms

• descarrilament

Further reading

• “descarrilar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “descarrilar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “descarrilar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “descarrilar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• descarrilhar

Etymology

From des- +‎ carril +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /des.ka.ʁiˈla(ʁ)/ [des.ka.hiˈla(h)], /d͡ʒis.ka.ʁiˈla(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.ka.hiˈla(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /des.ka.ʁiˈla(ʁ)/ [des.ka.hiˈla(h)], /d͡ʒis.ka.ʁiˈla(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.ka.hiˈla(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /des.ka.ʁiˈla(ɾ)/ [des.ka.hiˈla(ɾ)], /d͡ʒis.ka.ʁiˈla(ɾ)/ [d͡ʒis.ka.hiˈla(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /deʃ.ka.ʁiˈla(ʁ)/ [deʃ.ka.χiˈla(χ)], /d͡ʒiʃ.ka.ʁiˈla(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiʃ.ka.χiˈla(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /des.ka.ʁiˈla(ɻ)/ [des.ka.hiˈla(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨʃ.kɐ.ʁiˈlaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨʃ.kɐ.ʁiˈlaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨʃ.kɐ.ʁiˈla.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: des‧car‧ri‧lar

Verb

descarrilar (first-person singular present descarrilo, first-person singular preterite descarrilei, past participle descarrilado)

1. (intransitive, of a train) to derail (to come off the tracks)
2. (transitive) to derail (to cause a train to come off the tracks)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of descarrilar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	descarrilar
Personal	descarrilar	descarrilares	descarrilar	descarrilarmos	descarrilardes	descarrilarem
Gerund
	descarrilando
Past participle
Masculine	descarrilado			descarrilados
Feminine	descarrilada			descarriladas
Indicative
Present	descarrilo	descarrilas	descarrila	descarrilamos	descarrilais	descarrilam
Imperfect	descarrilava	descarrilavas	descarrilava	descarrilávamos	descarriláveis	descarrilavam
Preterite	descarrilei	descarrilaste	descarrilou	descarrilamos1, descarrilámos2	descarrilastes	descarrilaram
Pluperfect	descarrilara	descarrilaras	descarrilara	descarriláramos	descarriláreis	descarrilaram
Future	descarrilarei	descarrilarás	descarrilará	descarrilaremos	descarrilareis	descarrilarão
Conditional	descarrilaria	descarrilarias	descarrilaria	descarrilaríamos	descarrilaríeis	descarrilariam
Subjunctive
Present	descarrile	descarriles	descarrile	descarrilemos	descarrileis	descarrilem
Imperfect	descarrilasse	descarrilasses	descarrilasse	descarrilássemos	descarrilásseis	descarrilassem
Future	descarrilar	descarrilares	descarrilar	descarrilarmos	descarrilardes	descarrilarem
Imperative
Affirmative		descarrila	descarrile	descarrilemos	descarrilai	descarrilem
Negative (não)		não descarriles	não descarrile	não descarrilemos	não descarrileis	não descarrilem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• descarrilamento

Further reading

• “descarrilar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

From des- +‎ carril +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /deskariˈlaɾ/ [d̪es.ka.riˈlaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: des‧ca‧rri‧lar

Verb

descarrilar (first-person singular present descarrilo, first-person singular preterite descarrilé, past participle descarrilado)

1. (intransitive, of a train) to derail (to come off the tracks)

   Synonym: desrielar (Latin American Spanish)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of descarrilar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			descarrilar
gerund			descarrilando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		descarrilado		descarrilada
		plural		descarrilados		descarriladas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	descarrilo	descarrilastú descarrilásvos	descarrila	descarrilamos	descarriláis	descarrilan
	imperfect	descarrilaba	descarrilabas	descarrilaba	descarrilábamos	descarrilabais	descarrilaban
	preterite	descarrilé	descarrilaste	descarriló	descarrilamos	descarrilasteis	descarrilaron
	future	descarrilaré	descarrilarás	descarrilará	descarrilaremos	descarrilaréis	descarrilarán
	conditional	descarrilaría	descarrilarías	descarrilaría	descarrilaríamos	descarrilaríais	descarrilarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	descarrile	descarrilestú descarrilésvos2	descarrile	descarrilemos	descarriléis	descarrilen
	imperfect (ra)	descarrilara	descarrilaras	descarrilara	descarriláramos	descarrilarais	descarrilaran
	imperfect (se)	descarrilase	descarrilases	descarrilase	descarrilásemos	descarrilaseis	descarrilasen
	future1	descarrilare	descarrilares	descarrilare	descarriláremos	descarrilareis	descarrilaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		descarrilatú descarrilávos	descarrile	descarrilemos	descarrilad	descarrilen
	negative		no descarriles	no descarrile	no descarrilemos	no descarriléis	no descarrilen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of descarrilar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive descarrilar
	dative	descarrilarme	descarrilarte	descarrilarle, descarrilarse	descarrilarnos	descarrilaros	descarrilarles, descarrilarse
	accusative	descarrilarme	descarrilarte	descarrilarlo, descarrilarla, descarrilarse	descarrilarnos	descarrilaros	descarrilarlos, descarrilarlas, descarrilarse
with gerund descarrilando
	dative	descarrilándome	descarrilándote	descarrilándole, descarrilándose	descarrilándonos	descarrilándoos	descarrilándoles, descarrilándose
	accusative	descarrilándome	descarrilándote	descarrilándolo, descarrilándola, descarrilándose	descarrilándonos	descarrilándoos	descarrilándolos, descarrilándolas, descarrilándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative descarrila
	dative	descarrílame	descarrílate	descarrílale	descarrílanos	not used	descarrílales
	accusative	descarrílame	descarrílate	descarrílalo, descarrílala	descarrílanos	not used	descarrílalos, descarrílalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative descarrilá
	dative	descarrilame	descarrilate	descarrilale	descarrilanos	not used	descarrilales
	accusative	descarrilame	descarrilate	descarrilalo, descarrilala	descarrilanos	not used	descarrilalos, descarrilalas
with formal second-person singular imperative descarrile
	dative	descarríleme	not used	descarrílele, descarrílese	descarrílenos	not used	descarríleles
	accusative	descarríleme	not used	descarrílelo, descarrílela, descarrílese	descarrílenos	not used	descarrílelos, descarrílelas
with first-person plural imperative descarrilemos
	dative	not used	descarrilémoste	descarrilémosle	descarrilémonos	descarrilémoos	descarrilémosles
	accusative	not used	descarrilémoste	descarrilémoslo, descarrilémosla	descarrilémonos	descarrilémoos	descarrilémoslos, descarrilémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative descarrilad
	dative	descarriladme	not used	descarriladle	descarriladnos	descarrilaos	descarriladles
	accusative	descarriladme	not used	descarriladlo, descarriladla	descarriladnos	descarrilaos	descarriladlos, descarriladlas
with formal second-person plural imperative descarrilen
	dative	descarrílenme	not used	descarrílenle	descarrílennos	not used	descarrílenles, descarrílense
	accusative	descarrílenme	not used	descarrílenlo, descarrílenla	descarrílennos	not used	descarrílenlos, descarrílenlas, descarrílense

Derived terms

• descarriladura
• descarrilamiento

 

Further reading

• “descarrilar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28