-ar
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”).
Suffix edit
-ar
- Of, near, or pertaining to; adjective suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also.
Usage notes edit
See usage notes at -al.
Translations edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Latin -ārius or French -aire.
Suffix edit
-ar
Etymology 3 edit
From Middle English -ar, -are, variant of Middle English -ere, from Old English -ere. More at -er.
Suffix edit
-ar
Etymology 4 edit
Clipping of star.; modelled after the earlier coinages pulsar and quasar.
Suffix edit
-ar
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Aromanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin -ārius, -ārium. Compare Daco-Romanian -ar.
Suffix edit
-ar m
- suffix used to denote a profession or craft
Derived terms edit
Azerbaijani edit
Suffix edit
preceding vowel | ||
---|---|---|
A / I / O / U | E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal | -ar | -ər |
postvocalic | -yar | -yər |
-ar
- Postconsonantal form of -ər after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Basque edit
Etymology 1 edit
Suffix edit
-ar
- Alternative form of -tar (demonym-forming suffix)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From ar (“male”).
Suffix edit
-ar
Etymology 3 edit
Suffix edit
-ar
- [+verbal noun] about to
- Itxaron, bukatzear nago. ― Wait, I'll finish in a moment.
Further reading edit
- “-ar” in Labayru Hiztegia
Catalan edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”).
Pronunciation edit
(adjective)
(noun)
Suffix edit
-ar m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -ars)
- -ar; forms adjectives of one form indicating that the noun that is modified by the adjective is pertaining to the root word used to form the adjective
Suffix edit
-ar m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ars)
- forms nouns indicating where a given crop is grown
- taronger (“orange tree”) + -ar → tarongerar (“orange grove”)
- forms nouns indicating where something is usually found
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -í, past participle -at)
- forms first conjugation verbs indicating an action related to the root word
- col·lecció (“collection”) + -ar → col·leccionar (“to collect”)
Conjugation edit
infinitive | -ar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | -ant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | -at | -ada | |||||
plural | -ats | -ades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | -o | -es | -a | -em | -eu | -en | |
imperfect | -ava | -aves | -ava | -àvem | -àveu | -aven | |
future | -aré | -aràs | -arà | -arem | -areu | -aran | |
preterite | -í | -ares | -à | -àrem | -àreu | -aren | |
conditional | -aria | -aries | -aria | -aríem | -aríeu | -arien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | -i | -is | -i | -em | -eu | -in | |
imperfect | -és | -essis | -és | -éssim | -éssiu | -essin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | -a | -i | -em | -eu | -in | |
negative (no) | — | no -is | no -i | no -em | no -eu | no -in |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “-ar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “-ar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
Galician edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”).
Suffix edit
-ar m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ares)
- -ar; forms relational adjectives from nouns
Etymology 2 edit
Suffix edit
-ar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -ei, past participle -ado)
- forms first conjugation verbs indicating an action related to the root word
- fragmento (“fragment”) + -ar → fragmentar (“to fragment”)
Conjugation edit
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | -ar | |||||
Personal | -ar | -ares | -ar | -armos | -ardes | -aren |
Gerund | ||||||
-ando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | -ado | -ados | ||||
Feminine | -ada | -adas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | -o | -as | -a | -amos | -ades | -an |
Imperfect | -aba | -abas | -aba | -abamos | -abades | -aban |
Preterite | -ei | -aches | -ou | -amos | -astes | -aron |
Pluperfect | -ara | -aras | -ara | -aramos | -arades | -aran |
Future | -arei | -arás | -ará | -aremos | -aredes | -arán |
Conditional | -aría | -arías | -aría | -ariamos | -ariades | -arían |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | -e | -es | -e | -emos | -edes | -en |
Imperfect | -ase | -ases | -ase | -ásemos | -ásedes | -asen |
Future | -ar | -ares | -ar | -armos | -ardes | -aren |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | -a | -e | -emos | -ade | -en | |
Negative (non) | non -es | non -e | non -emos | non -edes | non -en |
Derived terms edit
From
.
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French -er, Italian -are, Spanish -ar, from Latin -āre.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar
- This ending denotes the present infinitive form of a verb.
- Me volas komprar ca objekto. ― I want to buy this thing.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Interlingua edit
Suffix edit
-ar
- Added to a noun root word, this forms a verb meaning to apply or make use of the root.
- Added to an adjectival root word, this forms a verb meaning to render/make (adjective) the object of the verb.
See also edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From apocope of final e in -āre, neuter of -āris, dissimilated form (after a preceding l) of -ālis.
Suffix edit
-ar n (genitive -āris); third declension
- noun-forming suffix
Declension edit
Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | -ar | -āria |
Genitive | -āris | -ārium |
Dative | -ārī | -āribus |
Accusative | -ar | -āria |
Ablative | -ārī | -āribus |
Vocative | -ar | -āria |
Derived terms edit
Ngarrindjeri edit
Suffix edit
-ar
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse -ar, the nominative plural ending for masculine a-stem and feminine o-stem nouns.
Suffix edit
-ar m or f
- Used to form regular indefinite plurals of most masculine nouns.
- Used to form regular indefinite plurals of some feminine nouns.
- gjerning (“act”) + -ar → gjerningar (“acts”)
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse -ar, the genitive singular ending for strong feminine nouns and masculine i- and u-stem nouns.
Alternative forms edit
Interfix edit
-ar m or f
- Used to form indefinite genitive singulars of strong feminine nouns and some strong masculine nouns, used in frozen expressions.
- Ein fredar mann. ― A peaceful man/person.
Etymology 3 edit
Alternative forms edit
Suffix edit
-ar m
- Used to form nouns from verbs, a person who performs the action of the verb.
- Ein som lever av å baka, er ein bakar. ― One who makes his living baking is a baker.
Etymology 4 edit
From Old Norse -arr, from Proto-Germanic *harjaz (“warrior”), *warjaz (“defender”) and *gaizaz (“spear”).
Suffix edit
-ar m
- A name suffix, meaning warrior, guardian or spear
Occitan edit
Etymology edit
From Old Occitan -ar, from Latin -āre, infinitive ending of first conjugation verbs.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar
- Suffix of verbs of the first conjugation
Conjugation edit
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | -ar | aver -at | |||||
gerund | -ant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | -at | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | -i | -as | -a | -am | -atz | -an | |
imperfect | -avi | -avas | -ava | -àvem | -àvetz | -avan | |
preterite | -èri | -ères | -èt | -èrem | -èretz | -èron | |
future | -arai | -aràs | -arà | -arem | -aretz | -aràn | |
conditional | -ariái | -ariás | -ariá | -ariam | -ariatz | -arián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | -èra | -èras | -èra | -eram | -eratz | -èran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | -e | -es | -e | -em | -etz | -en | |
imperfect | -èssi | -èsses | -èsse | -èssem | -èssetz | -èsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
-a | -em | -atz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | -ar | aver -at | |||||
gerund | -ant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | -at | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | -e | -es | -a | -am | -atz | -on | |
imperfect | -ave | -aves | -ava | -aviam | -aviatz | -avon | |
preterite | -ere | -eres | -et | -em | -etz | -eron | |
future | -arai | -aràs | -ará | -arem | -aretz | -arán | |
conditional | -ariá | -ariás | -ariá | -ariam | -ariatz | -arián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | -èra | -èras | -èra | -eram | -eratz | -èran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | -e | -es | -e | -assiam | -assiatz | -on | |
imperfect | -esse | -esses | -esse | -essiam | -essiatz | -esson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
-a | -assiam | -atz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | -ar | aver -at | |||||
gerund | -ant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | -at | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | -i | -as | -a | -am | -atz | -an | |
imperfect | -avi | -avas | -ava | -àvam | -àvatz | -avan | |
preterite | -èi | -ès | -è | -èm | -ètz | -èn | |
future | -arèi | -aràs | -arà | -aram | -aratz | -aràn | |
conditional | -arí | -arés | -aré | -arem | -aretz | -arén | |
conditional 2nd form1 | -èra | -èras | -èra | -eram | -eratz | -èran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | -i | -es | -e | -em | -etz | -en | |
imperfect | -èssi | -èsses | -èsse | -èssem | -èssetz | -èssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
-a | -em | -atz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | -ar | aver -at | |||||
gerund | -ant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | -at | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | -e | -as | -a | -am | -atz | -an | |
imperfect | -ava | -avas | -ava | -àvam | -àvatz | -avan | |
preterite | -ei | -eras | -et | -èram | -èratz | -eran | |
future | -arai | -aràs | -ará | -arem | -aretz | -arán | |
conditional | -ariá | -ariàs | -ariá | -ariam | -ariatz | -arián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | -èra | -èras | -èra | -eram | -eratz | -èran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | -e | -es | -e | -em | -etz | -en | |
imperfect | -èsse | -èsses | -èsse | -èssem | -èssetz | -èssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
-a | -em | -atz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | -ar | aver -at | |||||
gerund | -ant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | -at | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | -e | -es | -a | -am | -atz | -an | |
imperfect | -avi | -avas | -ava | -àvem | -àvetz | -avan | |
preterite | -ère | -ères | -èt | -eriam | -eriatz | -èron | |
future | -arai | -aràs | -arà | -arem | -aretz | -aràn | |
conditional | -ariáu | -ariás | -ariá | -ariam | -ariatz | -arián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | -èra | -èras | -èra | -eram | -eratz | -èran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | -e | -es | -e | -em | -etz | -an | |
imperfect | -èsse | -èsses | -èsse | -essiam | -essiatz | -èsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
-a | -em | -atz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Old Galician-Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Latin -āre, infinitive ending of first conjugation verbs.
Suffix edit
-ar
- forms verbs from nouns or adjectives — forms regular first-conjugation verbs in the impersonal infinitive
- forms the first-person singular infinitive of first-conjugation verbs
- forms the third-person singular infinitive of first-conjugation verbs
Conjugation edit
infinitive | simple | -ar | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
gerund | simple | -ando | |||||||
compound | gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||||
masculine | -ado | -ada | |||||||
feminine | -ados | -adas | |||||||
present participle | -ante | -antes | |||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | -o | -as | -a | -amos | -ades | -am3, -an4 | ||
imperfect | -ava | -avas | -ava | -avamos | -avades | -avam3, -avan4 | |||
preterite | -ei | -aste3, -asche4 | -ou | -amos | -astes | -arom3, -aron4 | |||
pluperfect | -ara | -aras | -ara | -aramos | -arades | -aram3, -aran4 | |||
future | -arei | -arás | -ará | -aremos | -aredes | -arám3, -arán4 | |||
conditional | -aría | -arías | -aría | -ariamos | -ariades | -aríam3, -arían4 | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
present imperfect | imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past anterior | preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
pluperfect | simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
subjunctive mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | -e | -es | -e | -emos | -edes | -em3, -en4 | ||
preterite | -asse | -asses | -asse | -ássemos | -ássedes | -assem3, -assen4 | |||
future | -ar | -ares | -ar | -armos | -ardes | -arem3, -aren4 | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
pluperfect | preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
imperative mood | — | tu | vossa mercee | nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
— | |||
affirmative | — | -a | -e | -emos | -ade | — | |||
negative | — | non -es | non -e | non -emos | non -edes | — | |||
personal infinitive | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
-ar | -ares | -ar | -armos | -ardes | -arem3, -aren4 | ||||
1 Its alternative form aver can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver". 3 Less common in Galicia 4 Less common in Portugal |
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar
Portuguese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -ar, from Latin -āre, infinitive ending of first conjugation verbs.
Pronunciation edit
- (Caipira) IPA(key): [ˈaɻ]
- (Nordestino) IPA(key): [ˈa(ʁ)]
- Rhymes: (Portugal, São Paulo) -aɾ, (Brazil) -aʁ, (Brazil, with r-dropping) -a
Suffix edit
-ar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -ei, past participle -ado)
- forms verbs from nouns or adjectives — forms regular first-conjugation verbs in the impersonal infinitive
- forms the first-person singular infinitive of first-conjugation verbs
- forms the third-person singular infinitive of first-conjugation verbs
Conjugation edit
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | -ar | |||||
Personal | -ar | -ares | -ar | -armos | -ardes | -arem |
Gerund | ||||||
-ando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | -ado | -ados | ||||
Feminine | -ada | -adas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | -o | -as | -a | -amos | -ais | -am |
Imperfect | -ava | -avas | -ava | -ávamos | -áveis | -avam |
Preterite | -ei | -aste | -ou | -amos1, -ámos2 | -astes | -aram |
Pluperfect | -ara | -aras | -ara | -áramos | -áreis | -aram |
Future | -arei | -arás | -ará | -aremos | -areis | -arão |
Conditional | -aria | -arias | -aria | -aríamos | -aríeis | -ariam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | -e | -es | -e | -emos | -eis | -em |
Imperfect | -asse | -asses | -asse | -ássemos | -ásseis | -assem |
Future | -ar | -ares | -ar | -armos | -ardes | -arem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | -a | -e | -emos | -ai | -em | |
Negative (não) | não -es | não -e | não -emos | não -eis | não -em |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese -ar, from Latin āre.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ares)
Derived terms edit
Romanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin -ārium, accusative of -ārius.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar m (plural -ari)
- Added to a word to denote a profession or craft; -er
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ařь.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar (Cyrillic spelling -ар)
- Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, a person who does something, or an animal who does something.
Usage notes edit
Nouns with this ending may use either the non-palatal declension (V sg. -e, I sg. -om) or the palatal declension (V sg. -u, I sg. -em), e.g. s pekarom or s pekarem.
Derived terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- Browne, Wayles (1993) “Serbo-Croat”, in Comrie, Bernard, Corbett, Greville G., editors, The Slavonic Languages, London and New York: Routledge, page 320
- Babić, Stjepan (2002), Tvorba riječi u hrvatskome književnome jeziku, 3rd revised edition, Zagreb: HAZU, page(s) 122, § 321
Slovene edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Slavic *-ařь.
Suffix edit
-ar m
- Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun.
Derived terms edit
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Suffix edit
-ar m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -ares)
- indicates membership or status
- gránulo (“granule”) + -ar → granular (“granular”)
- testículo (“testicle”) + -ar → testicular (“testicular”)
Suffix edit
-ar m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ares)
- indicates a place where something is grown
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Latin -āre, the infinitive ending of first conjugation verbs.
Suffix edit
-ar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -é, past participle -ado)
- forms first conjugation verbs indicating an action related to the root word
Conjugation edit
infinitive | -ar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | -ando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | -ado | -ada | |||||
plural | -ados | -adas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | -o | -astú -ásvos |
-a | -amos | -áis | -an | |
imperfect | -aba | -abas | -aba | -ábamos | -abais | -aban | |
preterite | -é | -aste | -ó | -amos | -asteis | -aron | |
future | -aré | -arás | -ará | -aremos | -aréis | -arán | |
conditional | -aría | -arías | -aría | -aríamos | -aríais | -arían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | -e | -estú -ésvos2 |
-e | -emos | -éis | -en | |
imperfect (ra) |
-ara | -aras | -ara | -áramos | -arais | -aran | |
imperfect (se) |
-ase | -ases | -ase | -ásemos | -aseis | -asen | |
future1 | -are | -ares | -are | -áremos | -areis | -aren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | -atú -ávos |
-e | -emos | -ad | -en | ||
negative | no -es | no -e | no -emos | no -éis | no -en |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive -ar | |||||||
dative | -arme | -arte | -arle, -arse | -arnos | -aros | -arles, -arse | |
accusative | -arme | -arte | -arlo, -arla, -arse | -arnos | -aros | -arlos, -arlas, -arse | |
with gerund -ando | |||||||
dative | -ándome | -ándote | -ándole, -ándose | -ándonos | -ándoos | -ándoles, -ándose | |
accusative | -ándome | -ándote | -ándolo, -ándola, -ándose | -ándonos | -ándoos | -ándolos, -ándolas, -ándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative -a | |||||||
dative | -ame | -ate | -ale | -anos | not used | -ales | |
accusative | -ame | -ate | -alo, -ala | -anos | not used | -alos, -alas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative -á | |||||||
dative | -ame | -ate | -ale | -anos | not used | -ales | |
accusative | -ame | -ate | -alo, -ala | -anos | not used | -alos, -alas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative -e | |||||||
dative | -eme | not used | -ele, -ese | -enos | not used | -eles | |
accusative | -eme | not used | -elo, -ela, -ese | -enos | not used | -elos, -elas | |
with first-person plural imperative -emos | |||||||
dative | not used | -émoste | -émosle | -émonos | -émoos | -émosles | |
accusative | not used | -émoste | -émoslo, -émosla | -émonos | -émoos | -émoslos, -émoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative -ad | |||||||
dative | -adme | not used | -adle | -adnos | -aos | -adles | |
accusative | -adme | not used | -adlo, -adla | -adnos | -aos | -adlos, -adlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative -en | |||||||
dative | -enme | not used | -enle | -ennos | not used | -enles, -ense | |
accusative | -enme | not used | -enlo, -enla | -ennos | not used | -enlos, -enlas, -ense |
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “-ar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Suffix edit
-ar
- Suffix for the indefinite plural form of nouns of the second declension.
- Suffix for the present tense, active voice, indicative mood for the absolute majority of Swedish verbs.
Usage notes edit
For verbs, it is more customary to identify the -a of this 'suffix' as belonging to the stem of the verb, and thus only consider -r to be the suffix. However, the verbs which in present tense ends in the letters -ar are commonly called -ar-verbs, as to differentiate them from -er-verbs and verbs which doesn't end in -a in infinitive.
Turkish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Form of -er after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Suffix edit
-ar
- Simple present and aorist tense marker.
Etymology 2 edit
Form of -er after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Suffix edit
-ar
- Makes adjectives out of verbs.
- Makes nouns out of verbs.
Etymology 3 edit
Post-consonantal form of -er after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Suffix edit
-ar
- Derives distributive numbers.
Etymology 4 edit
From Ottoman Turkish ـر (-r, -er, -ar), from Proto-Turkic *-gar.[1]
Suffix edit
-ar
- Derives Intransitive verbs from names of colors.
- Derives Transitive verbs from nouns.
References edit
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Brythonic *-ar, from Proto-Celtic *-aros, from Proto-Indo-European *-Hrós.[1] (See byddar (“deaf”).)
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-ar
- adjectival suffix
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 153 i (4)
Further reading edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-ar”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies