Turkish

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Etymology

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From Ottoman Turkish طوڭمق (doñmak, to freeze, to become ice, to solidify, to become rigid), from Proto-Turkic *toŋ- (to freeze).[1] Related to Turkish don (frost, rime)). Possibly related to Proto-Mongolic *daxara- (to freeze) (whence Mongolian даарах (daarax, to freeze up)) and Proto-Tungusic *doŋota (cold, frost) (whence Evenki доӈото (doŋoto, frost)), and/or from Middle Chinese (/⁠tuŋ⁠/, to freeze). Distribution in both Chinese and Altaic languages tell that this word is either from a substrate represented in all four languages, or a borrowing from Chinese into Turkic (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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donmak (third-person singular simple present donar)

  1. (intransitive) freeze (to become solid due to low temperature), congeal
  2. (intransitive) to feel very cold, freeze
  3. (intransitive) to freeze to death
  4. (intransitive) to set, harden, solidify
  5. (intransitive) to freeze, remain motionless

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*doŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill