dzeltens
Latvian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editDerived ( + -ens) from an old adjective dzelts (“yellow”), found in old folk songs, and still in some dialects, but not in the standard language anymore (possibly due to homophony with dzelts (“stung, pricked”)). It was the past participle of *dzelt, from Proto-Baltic *gel-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gilˀtas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”) (whence also zelts (“gold”) and other color terms: compare zils (“blue”), zaļš (“green”)).
Cognates include Lithuanian geltónas, Old Prussian gelatynan (probably a mistranscribed geltaynan; neut. pl.?), Proto-Slavic *žьltъ (< *gilt-) (Russian жёлтый (žóltyj), Belarusian жо́ўты (žóŭty), Ukrainian жо́втий (žóvtyj), Bulgarian жълт (žǎlt), Czech žlutý, Polish żółty).[1]
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editdzeltens (definite dzeltenais, comparative dzeltenāks, superlative visdzeltenākais, adverb dzelteni)
- yellow (having the color of, e.g., gold, or of the dandelion flower)
- tumši, gaiši, koši dzeltens ― dark, light, bright yellow
- dzeltens zieds ― yellow flower
- dzeltens taurenis ― yellow butterfly
- dzeltena krāsa, gaisma ― yellow color, light
- dzeltens papīrs ― yellow paper
- yellow (the color of old leaves)
- parkā rudens vējš dzenā dzeltenas, sakaltušas lapas ― in the park, the autumn wind drives the yellow, dried leaves away
- yellow (without color, pale and unhealthy)
- dzeltens kā vasks ― yellow as wax (i.e., very unhealthy)
- yellow (having a slightly darker skin color)
- dzeltenā rase ― the yellow race
- ūdeņraža bumba nepazīst izņēmumu; tai ir vienādi visi: baltie, dzeltenie un melnie ― the hydrogen bomb knows no exceptions; to it, all people are the same: white, yellow, or black
Declension
editmasculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
nominative (nominatīvs) | dzeltens | dzelteni | dzeltena | dzeltenas | |||||
accusative (akuzatīvs) | dzeltenu | dzeltenus | dzeltenu | dzeltenas | |||||
genitive (ģenitīvs) | dzeltena | dzeltenu | dzeltenas | dzeltenu | |||||
dative (datīvs) | dzeltenam | dzelteniem | dzeltenai | dzeltenām | |||||
instrumental (instrumentālis) | dzeltenu | dzelteniem | dzeltenu | dzeltenām | |||||
locative (lokatīvs) | dzeltenā | dzeltenos | dzeltenā | dzeltenās | |||||
vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Derived terms
editSee also
editbalts | pelēks | melns |
sarkans, sārts | oranžs; brūns | dzeltens |
zaļš | ||
zilzaļš, ciāns | zils | |
violets; zilganviolets, indigo | fuksīns; violets | rozā |
References
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “dzeltens”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms suffixed with -ens
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with falling intonation
- Latvian terms with audio pronunciation
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian adjectives
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- lv:Colors of the rainbow
- lv:Yellows