German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German ergetzen (to cause to forget), from Old High German irgezan, hence “to compensate, to reimburse”. The verb is a causative to a lost Middle High German ergëzzen which existed alongside vergëzzen, whence modern vergessen (to forget); the simplex verb *getzen is also lost.

The spelling with ⟨ö⟩ first arises in the 16th century, but the older form ergetzen also persists until at least the early 19th century. While such rounding happened more often in modern German, this case is unusual because there is no adjacent /ʃ/, /l/, or labial. Some assume influence by unrelated Götze (idol) as in “something adored”.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɛʁˈɡœtsən/, [ʔɛɐ̯ˈɡœt͡sn̩]
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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ergötzen (weak, third-person singular present ergötzt, past tense ergötzte, past participle ergötzt, auxiliary haben)

  1. (dated, higher register, transitive) to delight, amuse, gladden
    Synonyms: erfreuen, erheitern, vergnügen
    • 1769, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Die Mitschuldigen [Partners in Guilt]‎[1]:
      Denn eine schöne Frau ergötzet uns unendlich, / Wenn man sie auch nicht liebt, so ist man doch erkenntlich.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1784, Friedrich Schiller, Kabale und Liebe [Intrigue and Love], 4. Akt, 7. Szene; republished as Flora Kimmich, transl., Love and Intrigue, 2019:
      Ich bin offenherzig, gnädige Frau – Würde Sie mein Anblick ergötzen, wenn Sie einem Vergnügen entgegen gingen?
      I'll be frank my Lady. Would the sight of me amuse you as you went out in search of pleasure?
  2. (dated, higher register, reflexive) to cherish, to be amused (by), to gloat (over) [with an]
    • 1808, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Walpurgisnacht”, in Faust: Der Tragödie erster Teil [Faust, Part One]‎[2]; republished as Bayard Taylor, transl., 1870:
      wenn blutegel sich an seinem steisz ergetzen / ist er von geistern und von geist curiert
      when upon his rump the leeches hang and fuddle / he'll be of spirits and of Spirit cured
    • 2013, Simon Montefiore, translated by Ulrike Wasel, Saschenka, S. Fischer Verlag, →ISBN:
      Er wollte sich an ihrem Anblick ergötzen und die Speicher seiner Erinnerungen auffüllen, damit er, wenn sie nicht bei ihm war, die Hand ausstrecken und sie beinahe fühlen konnte.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (obsolete, transitive) to compensate [with accusative ‘someone’ and genitive ‘for something’]

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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