Wiktionary

ich

See also: Ich, ICH, ích, ịch, -ich, and -ich-

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, iċċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”). See also ch-, I.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ich

  1. (personal, obsolete) I.
    • 1529, John Skelton, Elynour Rummyng:
      "Behold," she sayd, "and se How bright I am of ble! Ich am not cast away, That can my husband say, [...]"
    • 1561, John Awdelay, The fraternitye of vacabondes:
      My maysters, ich am an old man, and halfe blinde, […]
    • 1568, Thomas Howell, Arbor of Amitie:
      With cap and knee, ich will serve thee, what should ich more declare.
    • 1604, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure:
      Kissyng and lying ich see is all one:
      And chave no mony, chul tell true therfore.
    • 1645, Thomas Davies, The Somersetshire Man's Complaint:
      Dost thinke 'chill labor to be poore, No no, ich haue a-doe..Ich will a plundering too.
    • 1706, Edward Phillips, The New World of English Words:
      Ich, a Word us'd for I in the Western Parts of England.

Usage notesEdit

Ich was the form of I found in the dialects of the West Country, West Midlands, and Kent. It began to disappear from written English with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century, yet continued to see limited use through the middle of the 19th century.

The Northern dialectal form, ik (which derives from the same Old English root), likewise disappeared from writing with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century.

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Clipping of ichthyophthiriasis.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ich (uncountable)

  1. (ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by the ciliate Ichthyophthirius.
    • 1996, Edward J. Noga, Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Iowa State University Press (2000), →ISBN, page 95:
      Ich is one of the most common diseases of freshwater fish.
Derived termsEdit

AnagramsEdit

Alemannic GermanEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik. Cognate with German ich, Dutch ik, English I, ich, Icelandic ég.

PronunciationEdit

  • (Lower Alemannic (Northern Alsace)) IPA(key): /iʃ/, /eʃ/, /iː/ (i -> unstressed pronoun, used after the verb -> Hiit hàw *i* dìs g'màcht (Today I have done this), BUT it is always "ìch" before the verb, never the plain "i")
  • (Higher Alemannic (Southern Alsace)) IPA(key): /ix/, /ex/, /iː/ (unstressed)
  • (Zurich) IPA(key): /ix/, /i/ (unstressed), IPA(key): [ɪːx] (stressed)

PronounEdit

ich

  1. I

DeclensionEdit

Alemannic German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative possessive
1st person singular ich, i mich, mi mir, mer miin
2nd person singular familiar du dich dir diin
polite Si Ine, Ene Ire
3rd person singular m er in im siin
f si ire
n es im siin
1st person plural mir öis öise
2nd person plural ir öi öie
3rd person plural si ine, ene ire

Central FranconianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • eich (Moselle Franconian, stressed)
  • ech (some dialects of Ripuarian; Moselle Franconian, unstressed, enclitic)

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. The expected form is ech; the variant ich is from a form *īh with expressive lengthening (compare the corresponding diphthong in Moselle Franconian).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /iɕ/, [iɕ]
    • IPA(key): [eɕ] → [əɕ] → [ɕ] (unstressed; enclitic before a consonant)
    • IPA(key): [ij] (enclitic before a vowel)
  • The enclitic pronunciation is used after verbs and conjunctions (unless the pronoun is stressed).

PronounEdit

ich

  1. (some dialects of Ripuarian, including Kölsch) I; nominative of the first-person singular personal pronoun
    Dat senn ich op däm Fotto.
    That’s I (or: me) in this photo.

CimbrianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • i (Luserna)

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek. Cognate with German ich, English I.

PronounEdit

ich

  1. (Sette Comuni) I

InflectionEdit

Cimbrian personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
1st person singular ich mich miar
2nd person singular familiar du dich diar
polite iart ach òich
3rd person singular m èar, ar in, en iime
f zi, ze iar
n es, is es, 's iime
1st person plural bar, bandare zich izandarn
2nd person plural iart, artandare,
iart-andare		 òich, ach ogandarn
3rd person plural ze, zòi, zandare zich innandarn

ReferencesEdit

  • “ich” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Crimean GothicEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

PronounEdit

ich

  1. I
    • 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq:
      Ich malthata. Ego dico.

GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ɪç/
  		• (file)
  • (Austria)
    		(file)

PronounEdit

ich

  1. I (first person singular nominative (subject) pronoun)

InflectionEdit

German personal pronouns
nominative accusative genitive dative possessive
1st person singular ich mich meiner
(† mein)		 mir mein
2nd person singular (familiar)1 du
(-e)		 dich deiner
(† dein)		 dir dein
3rd person singular m er ihn seiner
(† sein)		 ihm sein
f sie ihrer ihr
n es seiner
(† sein)		 ihm sein
1st person plural wir
(mir)		 uns unser uns unser
2nd person plural (familiar)1 ihr euch euer euch euer
3rd person plural sie ihrer ihnen ihr
polite address naturally: 2nd person sg. or pl.;
grammatically: 2nd person pl. 		Ihr Euch Euer Euch Euer
naturally: 2nd person sg. or pl.;
grammatically: 3rd person pl. 		Sie Ihrer Ihnen Ihr

1Often capitalized, especially in letters

In contemporary German, the genitive forms of personal pronouns are restricted to formal style and are infrequent even here. They may be used

  • for the genitive object still found in a handful of verbs: Er erbarmte sich meiner. – "He had mercy on me". (Colloquially one would either use the dative case, or a prepositional object, or replace the verb with another.)
  • after the preposition statt ("instead of, in place of"): Er kam statt meiner in die Mannschaft. – "He joined the team in my place." This sounds antiquated, and an meiner Statt or an meiner Stelle is preferable (in which case meiner is not a genitive, but a form of the possessive determiner mein).

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • ich in Duden online

HunsrikEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ich

  1. I
    Ich sin en Fraa.
    I am a woman.
    Ich komme fun de Fabrick.
    I'm coming from the factory.

InflectionEdit

Hunsrik personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
Proclitic Enclitic str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ich

eich

-ich mich

meich

meer mer

m'r

2nd person singular
(informal) 		du

dau/Dau

-du, -de

-Dau, -De

dich

deich/Deich

deer der

d'r/D'r

3rd person singular (m.) er; där -er ihn en ihm em
3rd person singular (f.) sie; die -se sie / ihns se eer

ehr

re
3rd person singular (n.) es; das

et, 't

's es

et

-et, -'t

ihm em
1st person plural meer mer uns

uhs

2nd person plural deer

Ehr, Dehr

der eich

Auch

3rd person plural sie; die -se sie se denne

Further readingEdit

JakaltekEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Mayan *iihk.

NounEdit

ich

  1. chili pepper

ReferencesEdit

  • Church, Clarence; Church, Katherine (1955) Vocabulario castellano-jacalteco, jacalteco-castellano‎[1] (in Spanish), Guatemala C. A.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, pages 18; 24

LimburgishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ich (personal)

  1. I

InflectionEdit

Singular Dual Plural
nominative ich, 'ch weet weer, v'r
genitive miener, miens ózzer ózzer
locative miches ózzes ózzes
dative[* 1] mir ós ós
accusative mich ós ós
  1. ^ Dative is nowadays obsolete, use accusative instead.

LuoEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ich

  1. stomach

Middle EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old English iċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *egom (“I”), *éǵh₂.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ich

  1. Alternative form of I

Usage notesEdit

  • Ich is the Southern and sometimes Midland form of I in Middle English, which corresponds to ik of the Northern dialect.

Middle High GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.

PronounEdit

ich

  1. (personal) I

DeclensionEdit

Declension of ich
Case \ Number singular plural
nominative ich wir
accusative mich unsich, uns
genitive mîn unser
dative mir uns

DescendantsEdit

  • Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
    Sensler: [iː][1]
    Swabian: i
    Sathmar Swabian: i
  • Bavarian: i
    Cimbrian: i, ich
    Mòcheno: i
  • Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech
    Hunsrückisch: äijsch
    Hunsrik: ich [ɪç][2]
    Britten: [æɪ̯ʃ], [ɪʃ][3]
    Kölsch: ich[4]
  • East Central German:
    Erzgebirgisch: iech
    Silesian German: iech
    Upper Saxon: isch, ische
  • East Franconian: i, iech
  • German: ich
  • Luxembourgish: ech
  • Rhine Franconian:
    Hessian: aisch
    Pennsylvania German: ich [ɪç][5]
  • Vilamovian: ych
  • Yiddish: איך‎ (ikh)

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Schmutz, C., Haas, W. (2004) Senslerdeutsches Wörterbuch. Fribourg: Paulusverlag.
  2. ^ Altenhofen, Cléo Vilson. (1996) Hunsrückisch in Rio Grande do Sul: Ein Beitrag zur Beschreibung einer deutschbrasilianischen Dialektvarietät im Kontakt mit dem Portugiesischen. Stuttgart: Steiner.
  3. ^ "ich". In: Besse, Maria. (2004). Britter Wörterbuch. Losheim am See: Verein für Heimatkunde in der Gemeinde Losheim am See.
  4. ^ Online-Wörterbuch der Akademie för uns kölsche Sproch, Stichwort »ich« (URL).
  5. ^ Kelz, Heinrich P. (1971). Phonologische Analyse des Pennsylvaniadeutschen. Hamburg: Buske.

Pennsylvania GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old High German ih. Compare German ich, Dutch ik, English I, Old Norse ek.

PronounEdit

ich

  1. I

PolishEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ich

  1. possessive pronoun for oni or one, namely their or theirs; indeclinable.

PronounEdit

ich

  1. genitive of oni; them
  2. genitive of one; them
  3. personal masculine accusative of oni; them

See alsoEdit

SlovakEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ich

(The genitive plural and accusative plural of on (he), ona (she), and one (it).)
  1. (possessive) their, theirs
  2. them

Further readingEdit

  • ich in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

YolaEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”). Compare obsolete English ich.

PronounEdit

ich

  1. I (first person singular pronoun)

See alsoEdit

Yucatec MayaEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Mayan *Haty.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ich (plural ichoʼob)

  1. eye
  2. face
  3. fruit

ReferencesEdit

  • Beltrán de Santa Rosa María, Pedro (1746) Arte de el idioma maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon yucateco (in Spanish), Mexico: Por la Biuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, page 164: “Ich ssssss s ssss Ojo.”
  • Montgomery, John (2004) Maya-English, English-Maya (Yucatec) Dictionary & Phrasebook, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN, page 59
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