du

See also: Appendix:Variations of "du"

Contents

Abinomn

Noun

du

1. name

---

Aiwoo

Determiner

du

1. all

References

• Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

---

Alemannic German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du/

Pronoun

du

1. thou, you

Declension

Alemannic German personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	dative	possessive
1st person singular		ich, i	mich, mi	mir, mer	miin
2nd person singular	familiar	du	dich	dir	diin
	polite	Si		Ine, Ene	Ire
3rd person singular	m	er	in	im	siin
	f	si		ire
	n	es		im	siin
1st person plural		mir	öis		öise
2nd person plural		ir	öi		öie
3rd person plural		si		ine, ene	ire

---

Amanab

Noun

du

1. a kind of bird

---

Bambara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dúù]

Noun

du

1. household

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

---

Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdyː/

Adjective

du

1. black
2. swollen
3. starved

Noun

du m

1. black

Mutation

  Mutation of du  

Breton consonant mutation
	unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
singular	du	zu	unchanged	tu	tu
plural	d{{{3}}}	z{{{3}}}	unchanged	t{{{3}}}	t{{{3}}}

---

Burushaski

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d̪u]

Noun

du (plural duwants)

1. yew

See also

• halkaas mamushi
• meenis

References

Sadaf Munshi (2015), “Word Lists”, in Burushaski Language Documentation Project‎^[1]

---

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German du, from Old High German dū, from Proto-Germanic *þū. Cognate with German du, obsolete Dutch du, archaic English thou (dialectal tha), Icelandic þú, Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu).

Pronoun

du

1. (Sette Comuni, informal) you (thou, singular familiar)

Inflection

Cimbrian personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	dative
1st person singular		ich	mich	miar
2nd person singular	familiar	du	dich	diar
	polite	iart	ach	òich
3rd person singular	m	èar, ar	in, en	iime
	f	zi, ze		iar
	n	es, is	es, 's	iime
1st person plural		bar, bandare	zich	izandarn
2nd person plural		iart, artandare, iart-andare	òich, ach	ogandarn
3rd person plural		ze, zòi, zandare	zich	innandarn

References

• “du” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

---

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [dyː]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [diˑʊ]

Adjective

du

1. black

Mutation

  Mutation of du  

Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
du	dhu	unchanged	tu	tu	tu

---

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Danish thu, from Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du/, [d̥u]

Pronoun

du (objective dig)

1. thou, you (2nd person singular subject pronoun, informal)

See also

Danish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Inflection	Nominative	Accusative	Possessive	Reflexive	Reflexive possessive
Singular	First	common	jeg	mig	min
		neuter			mit
		plural			mine
	Second	common	du	dig	din
		neuter			dit
		plural			dine
		formal	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	masculine	han	ham	hans	sig	sin
		feminine	hun	hende	hendes
		common	den	den	dens
		neuter	det	det	dets		sit
		plural					sine
Plural	First	—	vi	os	vores
		common			vor
		neuter			vort
		plural			vore
	Second	–	I	jer	jeres
		formal	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	–	de	dem	deres	sig

Etymology 2

From Old Danish dughæ, from Old Norse duga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /duː/, [d̥uːˀ]

Verb

du (imperative du, present dur or duer, past duede, past participle duet)

1. be good
2. be fit

---

Dena'ina

Particle

du

1. interrogative particle (placed at the end of the sentence to make a question)

---

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch du, from Old Dutch thū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun

du

1. (obsolete or dialectal) Second-person singular, subjective; thou.

---

Elfdalian

Etymology

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognate with Swedish du.

Pronoun

du

1. you (singular), thou

---

Esperanto

Esperanto cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : du     Ordinal : dua     Adverbial : due     Multiplier : duobla     Fractional : duona

Etymology

From Latin duo, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du/

• Audio

  (file)

Numeral

du

1. two (2)

Derived terms

• duo
• dupunkto (“colon”)

---

French

Etymology

From Old French del.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dy/

• audio

  (file)

• (Quebec) IPA^(key): /dz(y)/
• Homophones: dû, due, dues, dus, dûs

Contraction

du

1. Contraction of de + le (of the)
2. Contraction of de + le; forms the partitive article

Usage notes

• The partitive article signifies "some", but it often is not translated in English, Dutch, or German.

---

Gaikundi

Noun

du

1. man

Further reading

• Gaikundi-Ontena Organised Phonology Data (2011)

---

German

Alternative forms

• Du

Etymology

From Middle High German du, duo, dū, from Old High German dū (akin to Old Saxon thū and English thou), itself from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• (standard, generally) IPA^(key): /duː/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uː

• (colloquially in unstressed position) IPA^(key): /də/
• In colloquial speech in Germany, the /d/ can be lost after a preceding coronal when du is unstressed. This can happen after the second person singular verb ending, even in purposefully enunciated speech.

Pronoun

du

1. you (thou, singular familiar)

Usage notes

• Du is the informal second person pronoun. In formal speech, the third person plural Sie (always capitalised) is used instead.
• A general rule of thumb is that du is used to address one's friends, relatives, and those under about 16 years of age. Du is always used to address children and non-human beings.
• Usage also depends on the setting: two unacquainted, middle-aged persons are likely to use du when they meet at social gatherings, but much less so when they happen on each other in the street. People under 30 often use du among each other, but they still use Sie when one of them is at work, e.g. in a shop (some cafés and most pubs are an exception).
• There is also a great deal of (often subtle) regional variation throughout the German-speaking world.

Inflection

German personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	genitive	dative	possessive
1st person singular		ich	mich	meiner († mein)	mir	mein
2nd person singular (familiar)1		du (-e)	dich	deiner († dein)	dir	dein
3rd person singular	m	er	ihn	seiner († sein)	ihm	sein
	f	sie		ihrer	ihr
	n	es		seiner († sein)	ihm	sein
1st person plural		wir (mir)	uns	unser	uns	unser
2nd person plural (familiar)1		ihr	euch	euer	euch	euer
3rd person plural		sie		ihrer	ihnen	ihr
polite address	naturally: 2nd person sg. or pl.; grammatically: 2nd person pl.	Ihr	Euch	Euer	Euch	Euer
	naturally: 2nd person sg. or pl.; grammatically: 3rd person pl.	Sie		Ihrer	Ihnen	Ihr

¹Often capitalized, especially in letters

Derived terms

• duzen
• Du n

Further reading

• du in Duden online

---

Gothic

Romanization

du

1. Romanization of 𐌳𐌿

---

Hunsrik

Etymology

From Old High German du (akin to Old Saxon thu and English thou), itself from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuː/, /tə/

Pronoun

du

1. thou, you

   Du bist aarich scheen.

   You are so beautiful.

Inflection

Hunsrik personal pronouns

	nominative		accusative		dative
	Proclitic	Enclitic	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.
1st person singular	ich eich	-ich	mich meich		meer	mer m'r
2nd person singular (informal)	du dau/Dau	-du, -de -Dau, -De	dich deich/Deich		deer	der d'r/D'r
3rd person singular (m.)	er; där	-er	ihn	en	ihm	em
3rd person singular (f.)	sie; die	-se	sie / ihns	se	eer ehr	re
3rd person singular (n.)	es; das et, 't	's	es et	-et, -'t	ihm	em
1st person plural	meer	mer	uns uhs
2nd person plural	deer Ehr, Dehr	der	eich Auch
3rd person plural	sie; die	-se	sie	se	denne

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

---

Ido

Ido cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : du     Ordinal : duesma     Adverbial : dufoye     Multiplier : duopla     Fractional : duima
Ido Wikipedia article on du

Etymology

From Esperanto du, from French deux, Spanish dos, Italian due, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

Numeral

du

1. two (2)

---

Interlingue

Numeral

du

1. two

---

Kalasha

Etymology

From Sanskrit द्व (dva), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Hindi दो (do), Bhojpuri दू (dū), Konkani दोन (don).

Numeral

du

1. two; 2

---

Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *dwáH (compare Persian دو‎ (do), Pashto دوه‎ (dwa), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀‎ (duua)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwáH (compare Sanskrit द्व (dvá), Marathi दोन (don), Hindi दो (do)/Urdu دو‎ (do), Punjabi ਦੋ (do)), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (compare Russian два (dva), Lithuanian du, Greek δύο (dýo), Spanish dos, English two).

Numeral

du

1. two (2)

Descendants

• Central Kurdish: دوو‎ (dû)

---

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *duwō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Latvian divi. Cognate to Latin duo.

Numeral

Lithuanian cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : du     Ordinal : antras

du m (feminine dvi)

1. two (2)

Declension

    declension of du

	masculine		feminine
nominative	du		dvi
genitive	dviejų		dviejų
dative	dviem		dviem
accusative	du		dvi
instrumental	dviem		dviem
locative	dviejuose		dviejose

    forms of du

	masculine		feminine
quantitative	du		dvi
plural	dveji		dvejos
collective	dvejetas		dvejeta
ordinal	antras		antra

---

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *jьdǫ (first-person singular) and *jьdǫtь (third-person plural), inflected forms of *jьti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du/

Verb

du

1. inflection of hyś:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. third-person plural present

Synonyms

• (first-person singular): źom

---

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du/, [du(ː)]

Pronoun

du

1. second-person singular, informal, nominative: you, thou

   Wéi al bass du? ― How old are you?

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns

	nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.
1st person singular	ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular (informal)	du	de	dech	—	dir	der	like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular (formal)	Dir	Der	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech
3rd person singular (m)	hien	en	hien	en	him	em	sech
3rd person singular (f)	si	se	si	se	hir	er	sech
3rd person singular (n)	hatt	et ('t)	hatt	et ('t)	him	em	sech
1st person plural	mir	mer	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)
2nd person plural	dir	der	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech
3rd person plural	si	se	si	se	hinnen	en	sech

---

Mandarin

Romanization

du

1. Nonstandard spelling of dū.
2. Nonstandard spelling of dú.
3. Nonstandard spelling of dǔ.
4. Nonstandard spelling of dù.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

---

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch thū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dyː/, /dy/
• (Limburg) IPA^(key): /duː/, /du/

Pronoun

du

1. thou, you (singular, informal)

   Synonym: gi

Usage notes

This pronoun began to be replaced by gi in formal address during the Middle Dutch period, and eventually fell out of use altogether.

Inflection

Middle Dutch personal pronouns

	singular					plural
	1st	2nd	3rd			1st	2nd	3rd
			masc.	fem.	neut.
nominative	ic	du	hi	si	het	wi	gi	si
accusative	mi	di	hem, hen	haer		ons	u	hem, hen
dative					hem, hen
genitive	mijn	dijn	sijn	haer	sijn	onse	uwe	haer

Descendants

• Dutch: (obsolete) du
• Limburgish: doe

Further reading

• “du”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “du”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, 1929

---

Middle English

Adjective

du

1. Alternative form of dewe (“due”)

---

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon thū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /duː/

Pronoun

dû

1. thou, you (second person singular nominative)

Declension

Middle Low German personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
1st person singular		ik (ek)	mî (mê, mik, mek)		mîn (mîner)
2nd person singular		dû	dî (dê, dik, dek)		dîn (dîner)
3rd person singular
	m	hê (hî, hie)	ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn)	ēme, em (ȫme, en)	sîn (sîner)
	n	it (et)
	f	sê (sî, sie, sü̂)		ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
1st person plural		wî (wê, wie)	uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik)		unser (ûser)
2nd person plural		gî (jê, î)	jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik)		jûwer (ûwer)
3rd person plural		sê (sî, sie)		em, öm, jüm (en; ehnen, ohnen, öhnen)	ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here.

Descendants

• du

---

Norman

Etymology

From Latin dux, ducem.

Noun

du m

1. duke

Related terms

• duchie

---

North Frisian

Alternative forms

• düünj (Mooring)

Etymology

From Old Frisian dwā, from Proto-Germanic *dōną. Cognates include West Frisian dwaan, English do.

Verb

du

1. (Föhr-Amrum) to do
2. (Föhr-Amrum) to give

Conjugation

Conjugation of du

infinitive I	du
infinitive II	tu duen
past participle	den
imperative singular	du
imperative plural	du'em
	present	past
1st-person singular	ik du	ik ded, diad
2nd-person singular	dü deest	dü dedst, diadst
3rd-person singular	hi/hat/at dee	hi/hat/at ded, diad
1st-person dual	wat du	wat ded, diad
2nd-person dual	jat du	jat ded, diad
1st-person plural	wi du	wi ded, diad
2nd-person plural	jam du	jam ded, diad
3rd-person plural	jo du	jo ded, diad
	perfect	pluperfect
1st-person singular	ik haa den	ik hed den
2nd-person singular	dü heest den	dü hedst den
3rd-person singular	hi/hat/at hee den	hi/hat/at hed den
1st-person dual	wat haa den	wat hed den
2nd-person dual	jat haa den	jat hed den
1st-person plural	wi haa den	wi hed den
2nd-person plural	jam haa den	jam hed den
3rd-person plural	jo haa den	jo hed den
	future (skel)	future (wel)
1st-person singular	ik skal du	ik wal du
2nd-person singular	dü skääl du	dü wääl du
3rd-person singular	hi/hat/at skal du	hi/hat/at wal du
1st-person dual	wat skel du	wat wel du
2nd-person dual	jat skel du	jat wel du
1st-person plural	wi skel du	wi wel du
2nd-person plural	jam skel du	jam wel du
3rd-person plural	jo skel du	jo wel du

---

Northern Sami

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈtuː/

Pronoun

dū

1. accusative and genitive of don

---

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʉː/

Pronoun

du (objective case deg)

1. thou, you (second person, singular)

References

• “du” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

See also

    Personal pronouns in Bokmål

	Nominative	Objective case	Genitive/Possessive pronoun
Singular
First person	jeg	meg	min, mi, mitt, mine
Second person	du	deg	din, di, ditt, dine
Third person m	han	han/ham	hans
Third person f	hun	henne	hennes
Third person n	det	det	dets
Third person, nonhuman m/f	den	den	dens
Plural
First person	vi	oss	vår m
Second person	dere	dere	deres
Third person	de	dem	deres

---

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Akin to English thou.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʉː/ (example of pronunciation)

Pronoun

du (objective case deg)

1. you, thou (second person, singular)

References

• “du” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

See also

    Personal pronouns in Nynorsk

	Nominative	Objective case	Genitive/Possessive pronoun
Singular
First person	eg, je1	meg	min, mi, mitt, mine
Second person	du	deg	din, di, ditt, dine
Third person m	han	han, honom2	hans
Third person f	ho	ho, henne	hennar, hennes1
Third person n	det, dat3	det, dat3	dess 4
Plural
First person	me, vi	oss	vår m
Second person	de, dokker	dykk, dokker	dykkar, dokkar
Third person	dei	dei, deim2	deira, deires1
Notes
1No longer part of the official written norm. These non-traditional forms were added to the norm to either approach the Samnorsk ideal or certain dialects.
2Traditional forms that are no longer part of the official written norm. Now primarily used in Høgnorsk texts.
3Never part of official Nynorsk/Landsmål. Primarily used before Landsmål received an official written norm.
4Rare or literary

---

Novial

Novial cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : du     Ordinal : duesmi

Numeral

du

1. two

---

Obokuitai

Noun

du

1. bird

Further reading

Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

---

Old French

Alternative forms

• del

Contraction

du

1. contraction of de + le (of the)

---

Old High German

one drawing of the inscription on the Bülach fibula

Alternative forms

• thu

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þu, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Perhaps the earliest attestation of the pronoun is the inscription on the Bülach fibula, which may show ᛞᚢ (du) already differentiated from other Germanic languages’ þu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du/

Pronoun

du

1. thou, you (second-person singular pronoun)
   • 3rd-6th century, inscription on the Bülach fibula:

     ᚠᚱᛁᚠᚱᛁᛞᛁᛚ / ᛞᚢ / ...

     frifridil / du / […]

     Frifridil, you / […]

Usage notes

Some speakers of Old High German appear to have contrasted the "polite" singular (plural forms) with the regular, informal singular (singular forms), as in Modern German Sie versus du. This distinction is however not well-attested, and may have been regional, genre-dependent, or only in late Old High German.

Inflection

Old High German personal pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative	Genitive	Dative	Accusative
Singular	First		ih (ihha, ihcha)	mīn	mir	mih
	Second		dū	dīn	dir	dih
	Third	Masculine	er (her)	(sīn)	imu, imo	inan, in
		Feminine	siu; sī, si	ira (iru, iro)	iru, iro	sia
		Neuter	iz	es, is	imu, imo	iz
Plural	First		wir	unsēr	uns	unsih
	Second		ir	iuwēr	iu	iuwih
	Third	Masculine	sie	iro	im, in	sie
		Feminine	sio	iro	im, in	sio
		Neuter	siu	iro	im, in	siu
Polite form	Second		ir	iuwēr	iu	iuwih

Descendants

• Middle High German: du
  • Alemannic German: du

    Swabian: dau, d

  • Central Franconian: du, dou

    Hunsrik: du

    Kölsch: do

  • Cimbrian: du
  • German: du
  • Luxembourgish: du
  • Rhine Franconian:

    Palatine German: du

    Pennsylvania German: du

  • Yiddish: דו‎ (du)

See also

• fridil (“a pet name for a male lover”)

References

• Heinz Klingenberg, Runenfibel von Bülach, Kanton Zürich. Liebesinschrift aus alemannischer Frühzeit, in the Alemannisches Jahrbuch (1973/75), page 308
• Heinz Klingenberg, Die Runeninschrift aus Bülach, in Helvetia archaeologica, volume 7 (1976), pages 116–121
• Stephan Opitz, Südgermanische Runeninschriften im älteren Futhark aus der Merowingerzeit (Freiburg im Breisgau, 1977)

---

Old Irish

Preposition

du

1. Alternative form of do

---

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German du, English thou, Swedish du.

Pronoun

du

1. you

---

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [du]

Verb

du

1. second-person singular imperative of duce

   Du-te acasă.

   Go home.

---

Scots

Pronoun

du (objective case dee, vocative dee, possessive determiner dines)

1. Shetland form of thou (“thou”)

---

Swedish

Alternative forms

Dialects

• do (Kalixmål)
• do (Lulemål)
• dö (Pitemål)

Etymology

From Old Swedish þū, from Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʉː/, [d̪ʉː]

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʉː

Pronoun

du

1. you (familiar sg.)
2. thou

Usage notes

While du is the traditionally familiar mode of address, it is since the early '70s the standard in almost all circumstances, possibly capitalized in formal communications. This was the result of the so-called du-reformen.

Recently, use of the second-person plural pronoun ni as a less familiar (and thus more formal) pronoun has appeared to some extent, but mainly amongst shopkeepers towards the customers.

The same pronoun ni has also been used historically as a formal way of address, but its use has (in particular in Sweden, not so much in Swedish-speaking parts of Finland) been restricted to addressing people of lower social status, whereby a plethora of different constructions were employed as to avoid the issue of pronouns whatsoever. See also the article about T-V distinction in Wikipedia.

Declension

Swedish personal pronouns

	subject	object	possessive
singular	full	full	common	neuter	plural
1st person	jag	mig, mej3	min	mitt	mina
2nd person	du	dig, dej2	din	ditt	dina
3rd person masculine	han	honom, han2	hans
3rd person feminine	hon	henne	hennes
3rd person gender-neutral	hen1	hen1, henom1	hens1
3rd person common	den	den	dess
3rd person neuter	det	det	dess
3rd person indefinite	man or en6	en	ens
3rd person reflexive	—	sig, sej3	sin	sitt	sina
plural
1st person	vi	oss	vår, våran2	vårt, vårat2	våra
2nd person	ni	er, eder5	er, eran2, eder5	ert, erat2, edert5	era, edra5
3rd person	de, dom4	dem, dom4	deras
3rd person reflexive	—	sig, sej3	sin	sitt	sina

¹Not universally accepted.

²Informal

³Colloquial pronunciation spelling sometimes found in colloquial texts.

⁴Informal pronunciation spelling found very often in informal writings.

⁵Dated

⁶Dialectal, also used lately as a gender-neutral alternative to man.

---

Venetian

Etymology

Compare Italian due

Numeral

du m

1. two

Synonyms

• dó

---

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zu˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [jʊw˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [jʊw˧˧]

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 遊/游.

Verb

du

1. (only in compounds) to walk

Derived terms

Derived terms

• du hành
• du khách
• du khảo
• du lịch
• viễn du

 

---

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /dɨː/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /diː/
• Homophone: dŷ; (South Wales) di

Adjective

du (feminine singular du, plural duon, equative dued, comparative duach, superlative duaf)

1. black

   Mae ganddo fo fwstash du.

   He has a black mustache

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
du	ddu	nu	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

---

White Hmong

Adjective

du

1. smooth