folc
Catalan edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *folk (“people, tribe”), perhaps via a Vulgar Latin fulcus. Compare Old French foulc (Modern French foule).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
folc m (plural folcs)
Further reading edit
- “folc” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Friulian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
folc m
Irish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Irish folc (“heavy rain, wet weather”).
Noun edit
folc f (genitive singular foilce, nominative plural folca)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- folcmhar (“pouring, torrential”, adjective)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Irish folcaid (“washes”). Cognate with Welsh golchi, Cornish golhi, Breton gwalc'hiñ.
Verb edit
folc (present analytic folcann, future analytic folcfaidh, verbal noun folcadh, past participle folctha)
- (transitive) bathe
- (transitive) wash
- (transitive) immerse, submerge, drench
Conjugation edit
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Derived terms edit
- folcadán (“bath”)
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
folc | fholc | bhfolc |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “folc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “folc” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “folc” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Middle English edit
Noun edit
folc
- (chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of folk
Old Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *folk, from Proto-Germanic *fulką.
Noun edit
folc n
Inflection edit
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | folc | folc |
accusative | folc | folc |
genitive | folcis, -es | folco |
dative | folce, -i | folcon |
Descendants edit
- Middle Dutch: volc
Further reading edit
- “folk”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old English edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *fulką (“people”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
folc n
- the people, especially the common people
- Lēodhatan frēoġaþ hīe selfe, ac hīe ġeþēowiaþ þæt folc.
- Dictators free themselves, but they enslave the people.
- a people, nation, or tribe
- "Iūdēum þyncþ þæt hīe sīen Godes ġecorene folc." "Hwā ne dēþ?"
- "The Jews think they're God's chosen people." "Who doesn't?"
- crowd
- the public
- late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans
- Hīe sæġdon þām folce þæt heora godu him wǣren ierru, tō þȳ þæt hīe him þā ġīet swīðor blēoten þonne hīe ǣr dydon.
- They told the public that their gods were angry at them, so they would sacrifice to them even more than they had before.
- late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans
- (in the singular or plural) people (multiple individuals)
- military, army; troop
- (in compounds) popular
- (in compounds) public, common
- (in compounds) country, rural
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *wolkos, from a devoiced variant of Proto-Indo-European *welg-.[1]
Noun edit
folc m
Inflection edit
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | folc | folcL | foilcL |
Vocative | foilc | folcL | folcuH |
Accusative | folcN | folcL | folcuH |
Genitive | foilcL | folc | folcN |
Dative | folcL | folcaib | folcaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
folc | ḟolc | folc pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*wolko-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 437
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 folc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Saxon edit
Noun edit
folc n
- Alternative spelling of folk