hutan

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• utan (nonstandard)

Etymology

Inherited from Malay hutan, from Proto-Malayic *hutan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈhutan/ [ˈhu.t̪an]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -utan
• Syllabification: hu‧tan

Noun

hutan (plural hutan-hutan)

1. forest (dense collection of trees)

   Synonyms: (dialectal) alas, (archaic) wana

Derived terms

• berhutan
• kehutanan
• menghutan
• menghutankan
• penghutanan
• perhutanan

• anjing hutan
• hutan adat
• hutan alam
• hutan asli
• hutan bakau
• hutan basah tropis
• hutan batu kapur
• hutan belantara
• hutan belukar
• hutan berdaun jarum
• hutan besar
• hutan beton
• hutan boreal
• hutan buatan
• hutan campuran
• hutan dataran rendah
• hutan gambut
• hutan hak
• hutan heterogen
• hutan homogen
• hutan hujan tropis
• hutan industri
• hutan karet
• hutan kerangas
• hutan klimaks
• hutan komersial
• hutan komunal
• hutan konservasi
• hutan koridor
• hutan kota
• hutan larangan
• hutan lepas
• hutan lindung
• hutan monsun
• hutan muda
• hutan murni
• hutan musim
• hutan negara
• hutan normal
• hutan pantai
• hutan pegunungan atas
• hutan pegunungan rendah
• hutan pegunungan tinggi
• hutan perawan
• hutan plantasi
• hutan primer
• hutan produksi
• hutan rakyat
• hutan rantau
• hutan rawa
• hutan rimba
• hutan rontok
• hutan sabana
• hutan sekunder
• hutan semak belukar
• hutan suaka alam
• hutan subalpin
• hutan subtropis
• hutan tanah
• hutan tropis
• hutan tua
• hutan tutupan
• hutan wisata

Further reading

• “hutan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Maguindanao

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Maguindanaon) IPA^(key): /ˈhutan/ [ˈhu.ʈʌɳ]
• Rhymes: -utan
• Syllabification: hu‧tan

Noun

hutan

1. grass

Malay

Alternative forms

• utan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *hutan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhutan/ [ˈhu.t̪an]
• Rhymes: -utan, -tan, -an

• Audio (Malaysia):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: hu‧tan

Noun

hutan (Jawi spelling هوتن, plural hutan-hutan)

1. forest (dense collection of trees)

   Synonym: pangan (archaic)

   Hyponym: rimba

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• penghutanan (“forestation, afforestation”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
• kehutanan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
• perhutanan (“forestry”) [causative passive + repetition / reciprocity] (peR- + -an)
• menghutan [agent focus] (meN-)
• menghutankan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• dihutankan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• hutan lipur (“recreational forest”)
• hutan hujan (“rainforest”)
• hutan dara (“virgin forest”)
• hutan belantara (“wilderness”)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: hutan (inherited)

Adjective

hutan (Jawi spelling هوتن)

1. (figuratively) untamed, wild

   Synonyms: buas, culas (Kelantan-Pattani), ganas, liar

   Antonym: jinak

Further reading

• “hutan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• hotan — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

Etymology

Either of the following:

• Syncopic form of huhutan with elision of /h/, from huhot +‎ -an. (hu(h)után → huután → hútan)
• Syncopic form of huwatan with elision of unstressed /a/, from huwat +‎ -an. (huw(a)tán → huwtán → hútan)

The penultimate length/stress indicate syncopation (c.f. hipan). If the root is *hut (unlikely because most roots are more than one syllable), expected pronunciation would be hután.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈhutan/ [ˈhuː.t̪ɐn̪]
• Rhymes: -utan
• Syllabification: hu‧tan

Verb

hutan (complete hinutan, progressive hinuhutan, contemplative huhutan, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜆᜈ᜔) (obsolete)

1. to be grasped; to be held by the hand

   Synonyms: hawakan, tanganan

   Hutan mo yaring payong.

   Hold this umbrella.

Further reading

• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎^[1] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
• Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835) Tomas Oliva, editor, Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: primera, y segunda parte.‎^[2] (in Spanish), La imprenta nueva de D. Jose Maria Dayot