di-
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PIE word |
---|
*dwóh₁ |
Borrowed from Latin di-, from Ancient Greek δι- (di-, “two”).
PrefixEdit
2 | Previous: | mono- |
---|---|---|
Next: | tri- |
di-
TranslationsEdit
|
See alsoEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PrefixEdit
di-
- Alternative form of dis-, shortened before l, m, n, r, s (followed by a consonant), and v; also often shortened before g, and sometimes before j.
Etymology 3Edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from Ancient Greek δῐά (diá, “through”).
PrefixEdit
di-
- Alternative form of dia-, before a vowel.
- diactinic, dielectric
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “di-”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “di-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
AnagramsEdit
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
DanishEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
EsperantoEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
FinnishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Internationalism (see English di-), ultimately from Ancient Greek δι- (di-).
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
FrenchEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
Ultimately from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “di-” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Malay di-, from Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-, from Early Old Malay ni-.
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
- (transitive) Patient focus, used in an OVA sentence.
- dimakan ― to be eaten
Derived termsEdit
ItalianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Latin de- (“indicating removal or descent”).
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
LatinEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
dī-
- Alternative form of dis-
Usage notesEdit
Occurs before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st, v, and occasionally before consonantal i.
Etymology 2Edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (di-), from δίς (dís, “twice, doubly”).
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
→ English: di-
MalayEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di- (Jawi spelling -د)
- (third person) Patient focus, used in an OVA sentence.
- Pintu itu dibuka olehnya.
- That door was opened by him.
Usage notesEdit
Frequently but erroneously called "passive voice", always accompanied with oleh and exclusively used with third-person.
Derived termsEdit
Edit
Etymology 1Edit
Represents multiple homophonous thematic and aspectual prefixes of position I and VI, whose exact meaning and etymology remain mostly speculative.
PrefixEdit
di- (position I)
- fire, near or into it
- diidiłjeeh ― to make a fire
► Navajo verbs with disjunct prefix di-
di- (position VI)
Young and Morgan (1987) identify 14 or so thematic prefixes, among others:
- fire, light
- diidiłjeeh ― to make a fire
- arms and legs
- dilʼéés ― to step, to place one's foot
- extension, elongated shape
- noise, sound, oral, food, sensory
- dilwosh ― to shout
- disééh ― to belch
- yidiitsʼį́į́h ― to hear it
- color (see also dini-)
- dinilgai ― whitish
- relinquishment, relief
- yą́ą́ʼdíłgééd ― to uncover it by digging
- bidizóóh ― to subtract it
- sanctity
- diyin ― holy
- Unclassified, often entering in the formation of other prefix compounds
Four modal-aspectual uses are also distinguished:
- Forms a number of inceptive verbs, with a (∅/si) paradigm.
- dighááh ― to start to go
- Forms a number of inchoative verbs, with prepounded dah and a transitional (yii/yii) paradigm.
- Forms the future mode of all active verbs along with the progressive yi-.
- doogááł ― he will go
- didoogááł ― he will start to go
- dah didoogááł ― he will start off
- Forms a number of neuter adjectivals.
- dijool ― spherical, chubby
► Navajo verbs with prefix di-
Etymology 2Edit
Probably cognate with a prefix of similar shape occurring in other Athabascan languages a reflexive possessive pronoun.
Probably cognate with classifier -d- marking passive and reflexive verbs.
PrefixEdit
di- (position IV)
Northern SothoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.
PrefixEdit
di-
- Class 8 noun prefix.
PolishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
- di-
- di- + chromatyczny → dichromatyczny
- Synonyms: bi-, dwu-
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
PortugueseEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
PrefixEdit
di-
- di- (two, twice or double)
Derived termsEdit
SothoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.
PrefixEdit
di-
- Class 8 noun prefix.
SpanishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “di-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
TagalogEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Philippine *di.
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TswanaEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.
PrefixEdit
di-
- Class 8 noun prefix.
WelshEdit
EtymologyEdit
Proto-Celtic *dī- (“from, of”), from Proto-Indo-European *de. Cognate with Cornish di-.
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
di-
Usage notesEdit
The negative prefix di- indicates a lack of something and is most often attached to a noun in a similar manner to English -less, e.g. dienw (“anonymous, nameless”), di-waith (“unemployed (“workless”)”), diobaith (“hopeless”). In contrast, af- and an- simply denote the negative form of the following root rather than the lack of it.
Derived termsEdit
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
di- | ddi- | ni- | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
ReferencesEdit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “di-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
West MakianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
di-
- third-person plural possessive prefix, their
- di oma ― their children
- (polite) third-person singular possessive prefix, his, her
- mene de ti deto di musala ― this is my grandmother's mat
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
di-
See alsoEdit
independent | possessive prefix | |
---|---|---|
1st person singular | de | ti |
2nd person singular | ni | ni |
3rd person singular | me | mVan., dVinan. |
1st person plural inclusive | ene | nV |
1st person plural exclusive | imi | mi |
2nd person plural | ini | fi |
3rd person plural | eme | di |
- V indicates the expected assimilated vowel of the following noun, following standard West Makian vowel harmony.
ReferencesEdit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[1], Pacific linguistics