kapal
English edit
Noun edit
kapal (plural kapals)
- Alternative form of kappal (“ship”)
Ambonese Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Malay kapal, from Tamil கப்பல் (kappal, “ship, sailing vessel”).
Noun edit
kapal
- ship (large water vessel)
Balinese edit
Romanization edit
kapal
- Romanization of ᬓᬧᬮ᭄
Cebuano edit
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: ka‧pal
Noun edit
kapal
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Participle edit
kapal
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Malay kapal (“ship”), from Classical Malay kapal (“decked ship”), from Tamil கப்பல் (kappal, “ship, sailing vessel”). In the third sense, a mistranslation of English ship (“relationship”), from relation + -ship (etymologically unrelated to the noun ship).
Noun edit
kapal (first-person possessive kapalku, second-person possessive kapalmu, third-person possessive kapalnya)
- ship:
- (literal) A water-borne vessel generally larger than a boat.
- (chiefly in combination) A vessel which travels through any medium other than across land, such as an airship or spaceship.
- (slang, fandom slang) A fictional romantic relationship between two characters, either real or themselves fictional, especially one explored in fan fiction.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Malay kapal (“thickening skin”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kapal (“thick, as a plank”). Compare to Tagalog kapal (“thick”).
Noun edit
kapal (first-person possessive kapalku, second-person possessive kapalmu, third-person possessive kapalnya)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “kapal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
- kapal on the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipedia id
Javanese edit
Romanization edit
kapal
- Romanization of ꦏꦥꦭ꧀
Mag-Anchi Ayta edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
kapal
References edit
- Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
Maguindanao edit
Noun edit
kapal
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Tamil கப்பல் (kappal, “ship, sailing vessel”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kapal (Jawi spelling کاڤل, plural kapal-kapal, informal 1st possessive kapalku, 2nd possessive kapalmu, 3rd possessive kapalnya)
- ship (large water vessel)
Descendants edit
- Ambonese Malay: kapal
- Indonesian: kapal
- → Balinese: ᬓᬧᬮ᭄ (kapal)
- → Alor: kapal
- → Balinese: ᬓᬧᬮ᭄ (kapal)
- → Buginese: ᨀᨄᨒ (kappala')
- → Chinese: 甲板 (jiǎbǎn)[1]
- → English: kappal, capel, kapal
- → Javanese: ꦏꦥꦭ꧀ (kapal)
- → Khmer: កប៉ាល់ (kaʼpal)
- → Maguindanao: kapal
- → Maranao: kapal
- → Sundanese: ᮊᮕᮜ᮪ (kapal)
- → Tboli: kafal
- → Thai: กำปั่น (gam-bpàn)
References edit
- ^ Salmon Claudine. Malay (and Javanese) Loan-words in Chinese as a Mirror of Cultural Exchanges. In: Archipel, volume 78, 2009. pp. 181-208
Further reading edit
- “kapal” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Maranao edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
kapal
References edit
- A Maranao Dictionary, by Howard P. McKaughan and Batua A. Macaraya
Tagalog edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kapal. Compare Indonesian kapal, Malay kapal. The derogatory sense is an ellipsis of kapal ng mukha (“shamelessness; brazenness”).
Noun edit
kapál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜉᜎ᜔)
Adjective edit
kapál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜉᜎ᜔)
- thick
- Makapal ang tela ng damit kaya mainit ang pakiramdam kapag isinuot ito.
- The shirt's fabric is thick hence wearing it feels hot.
- (colloquial, derogatory) too cocky to the point of criticizing bluntly.
- Ang kapal talaga ng hayop na yun!
- That pig is so full of himself!
Etymology 2 edit
Hypothetical. Probably an apocope from Malay kepala (“head, source (metaphorical)”), from Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “head”).
Noun edit
kapál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜉᜎ᜔)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “kapal”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018