prehendo

Latin edit

Alternative forms edit

prēndō (Classical Latin)
praendō, praehendō, prindō (Late Latin)

Etymology edit

From Proto-Italic *praiɣendō, equivalent to prae- (“fore-, pre-”) +‎ *hendō (“to take, seize”) (not attested without prefix), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰed-; akin to Ancient Greek χανδάνω (khandánō, “hold, contain”), and English get. The vowel probably underwent regular reduction in prefixed variants (*-praind- > -prēnd-) and was backported into the base form. Related to praeda (“prey”) and hedera (“ivy”).^[1]

Pronunciation edit

(Classical) IPA^(key): /preˈhen.doː/, [preˈ(ɦ)ɛn̪d̪oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /preˈen.do/, [preˈɛn̪d̪o]

Verb edit

prehendō (present infinitive prehendere, perfect active prehendī, supine prehēnsum); third conjugation

to lay hold of, seize, grasp, grab, snatch, take, catch
Synonyms: comprehendō, dēprehendō, apprehendō, capessō, teneō, capiō, arripiō, sūmō, prehēnsō
to detain someone in order to speak with them, accost, lay or catch hold of
to take by surprise, catch in the act
Synonyms: opprimō, dēprehendō
(of trees) to take root
(poetic) to reach, arrive at, attain
Synonyms: perveniō, adveniō, ēvādō, obeō, adsum, teneō, tangō
(poetic) to take in, reach or embrace with the eye
(figuratively, rare, of the mind) to seize, apprehend, comprehend, grasp

Usage notes edit

Used in the following constructions: (3) uses the ablative, the genitive or in with the ablative.

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of prehendō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	prehendō	prehendis	prehendit	prehendimus	prehenditis	prehendunt
	imperfect	prehendēbam	prehendēbās	prehendēbat	prehendēbāmus	prehendēbātis	prehendēbant
	future	prehendam	prehendēs	prehendet	prehendēmus	prehendētis	prehendent
	perfect	prehendī	prehendistī	prehendit	prehendimus	prehendistis	prehendērunt, prehendēre
	pluperfect	prehenderam	prehenderās	prehenderat	prehenderāmus	prehenderātis	prehenderant
	future perfect	prehenderō	prehenderis	prehenderit	prehenderimus	prehenderitis	prehenderint
passive	present	prehendor	prehenderis, prehendere	prehenditur	prehendimur	prehendiminī	prehenduntur
	imperfect	prehendēbar	prehendēbāris, prehendēbāre	prehendēbātur	prehendēbāmur	prehendēbāminī	prehendēbantur
	future	prehendar	prehendēris, prehendēre	prehendētur	prehendēmur	prehendēminī	prehendentur
	perfect	prehēnsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	prehēnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	prehēnsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	prehendam	prehendās	prehendat	prehendāmus	prehendātis	prehendant
	imperfect	prehenderem	prehenderēs	prehenderet	prehenderēmus	prehenderētis	prehenderent
	perfect	prehenderim	prehenderīs	prehenderit	prehenderīmus	prehenderītis	prehenderint
	pluperfect	prehendissem	prehendissēs	prehendisset	prehendissēmus	prehendissētis	prehendissent
passive	present	prehendar	prehendāris, prehendāre	prehendātur	prehendāmur	prehendāminī	prehendantur
	imperfect	prehenderer	prehenderēris, prehenderēre	prehenderētur	prehenderēmur	prehenderēminī	prehenderentur
	perfect	prehēnsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	prehēnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	prehende	—	—	prehendite	—
active	future	—	prehenditō	prehenditō	—	prehenditōte	prehenduntō
passive	present	—	prehendere	—	—	prehendiminī	—
passive	future	—	prehenditor	prehenditor	—	—	prehenduntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		prehendere	prehendisse	prehēnsūrum esse	prehendī	prehēnsum esse	prehēnsum īrī
participles		prehendēns	—	prehēnsūrus	—	prehēnsus	prehendendus, prehendundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		prehendendī	prehendendō	prehendendum	prehendendō	prehēnsum	prehēnsū

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: prindu
- Romanian: prinde
Dalmatian:
- prendar
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: prendere
- Sicilian: prènniri
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: prèndere, prènnere
North Italian:
- Romansch: prender
- Old Venetian: pender
Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: prendre
- Old French: prendre (see there for further descendants)
Occitano-Romance:
- Occitan: prene, préner, prendre
- Catalan: prendre
- Aragonese: prener, prenre
Ibero-Romance:
- Galician: prender
- Portuguese: prender
- Spanish: prender
Vulgar Latin:
- *imprehendere (see there for further descendants)
Borrowings:
- → English: prehend

References edit

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “Prehendō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN