purra
Faroese
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editpurra f (genitive singular purru, plural purrur)
Declension
editf1 | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | purra | purran | purrur | purrurnar |
accusative | purru | purruna | purrur | purrurnar |
dative | purru | purruni | purrum | purrunum |
genitive | purru | purrunnar | purra | purranna |
Etymology 2
editNoun
editpurra f (genitive singular purru, plural purrur)
Declension
editFinnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *purdak, from Proto-Uralic *pore-. Cognates include Estonian purema, Northern Sami borrat and Erzya поремс (porems).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈpurːɑˣ/, [ˈpurːɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -urːɑ
- Syllabification(key): pur‧ra
- Hyphenation(key): pur‧ra
Verb
editpurra
- (transitive) to bite (cut into something by clamping the teeth; attack with teeth) [with illative or allative ‘in/on’]
- purra sormeen ― to bite in the finger
- (transitive) to bite (take hold; to establish firm contact with, e.g. of cutting tools like saws) [with illative or allative ‘in/on’]
- (figuratively, intransitive) to work, have an effect, do the trick [with illative ‘on’]
- (figuratively) to bite (cause sharp pain or damage (to), especially of cold)
Usage notes
editpurra (“to bite”) does not confine the action temporally, and it may be instantaneous or continuous.
Conjugation
editInflection of purra (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | puren | en pure | 1st sing. | olen purrut | en ole purrut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | puret | et pure | 2nd sing. | olet purrut | et ole purrut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | puree | ei pure | 3rd sing. | on purrut | ei ole purrut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | puremme | emme pure | 1st plur. | olemme purreet | emme ole purreet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | purette | ette pure | 2nd plur. | olette purreet | ette ole purreet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | purevat | eivät pure | 3rd plur. | ovat purreet | eivät ole purreet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | purraan | ei purra | passive | on purtu | ei ole purtu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | purin | en purrut | 1st sing. | olin purrut | en ollut purrut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | purit | et purrut | 2nd sing. | olit purrut | et ollut purrut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | puri | ei purrut | 3rd sing. | oli purrut | ei ollut purrut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | purimme | emme purreet | 1st plur. | olimme purreet | emme olleet purreet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | puritte | ette purreet | 2nd plur. | olitte purreet | ette olleet purreet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | purivat | eivät purreet | 3rd plur. | olivat purreet | eivät olleet purreet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | purtiin | ei purtu | passive | oli purtu | ei ollut purtu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | purisin | en purisi | 1st sing. | olisin purrut | en olisi purrut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | purisit | et purisi | 2nd sing. | olisit purrut | et olisi purrut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | purisi | ei purisi | 3rd sing. | olisi purrut | ei olisi purrut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | purisimme | emme purisi | 1st plur. | olisimme purreet | emme olisi purreet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | purisitte | ette purisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte purreet | ette olisi purreet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | purisivat | eivät purisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat purreet | eivät olisi purreet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | purtaisiin | ei purtaisi | passive | olisi purtu | ei olisi purtu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pure | älä pure | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | purkoon | älköön purko | 3rd sing. | olkoon purrut | älköön olko purrut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | purkaamme | älkäämme purko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | purkaa | älkää purko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | purkoot | älkööt purko | 3rd plur. | olkoot purreet | älkööt olko purreet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | purtakoon | älköön purtako | passive | olkoon purtu | älköön olko purtu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | purren | en purre | 1st sing. | lienen purrut | en liene purrut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | purret | et purre | 2nd sing. | lienet purrut | et liene purrut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | purree | ei purre | 3rd sing. | lienee purrut | ei liene purrut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | purremme | emme purre | 1st plur. | lienemme purreet | emme liene purreet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | purrette | ette purre | 2nd plur. | lienette purreet | ette liene purreet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | purrevat | eivät purre | 3rd plur. | lienevät purreet | eivät liene purreet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | purtaneen | ei purtane | passive | lienee purtu | ei liene purtu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | purra | present | pureva | purtava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | purrut | purtu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | purressa | purtaessa | agent4 | purema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | purematon | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | purren | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | puremassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | puremasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | puremaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | puremalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | purematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | pureman | purtaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | pureminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “purra”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
editIngrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *purdak. Cognates include Finnish purra and Estonian pureda.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpurːɑ/, [ˈpurː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpurːɑ/, [ˈpurːɑ]
- Rhymes: -urː, -urːɑ
- Hyphenation: pur‧ra
Verb
editpurra
- (transitive) to bite
Conjugation
editConjugation of purra (type 11/pessä, no gradation, gemination) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | puren | en pure | 1st singular | oon purt, oon purrut | en oo purt, en oo purrut |
2nd singular | puret | et pure | 2nd singular | oot purt, oot purrut | et oo purt, et oo purrut |
3rd singular | purroo | ei pure | 3rd singular | ono purt, ono purrut | ei oo purt, ei oo purrut |
1st plural | puremma | emmä pure | 1st plural | oomma purreet | emmä oo purreet |
2nd plural | puretta | että pure | 2nd plural | ootta purreet | että oo purreet |
3rd plural | purroot1), purevat2), purraa | evät pure, ei purra | 3rd plural | ovat purreet | evät oo purreet, ei oo purtu |
impersonal | purraa | ei purra | impersonal | ono purtu | ei oo purtu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | purin | en purt, en purrut | 1st singular | olin purt, olin purrut | en olt purt, en olt purrut |
2nd singular | purit | et purt, et purrut | 2nd singular | olit purt, olit purrut | et olt purt, et olt purrut |
3rd singular | puri | ei purt, ei purrut | 3rd singular | oli purt, oli purrut | ei olt purt, ei olt purrut |
1st plural | purimma | emmä purreet | 1st plural | olimma purreet | emmä olleet purreet |
2nd plural | puritta | että purreet | 2nd plural | olitta purreet | että olleet purreet |
3rd plural | purriit1), purivat2), purtii | evät purreet, ei purtu | 3rd plural | olivat purreet | evät olleet purreet, ei olt purtu |
impersonal | purtii | ei purtu | impersonal | oli purtu | ei olt purtu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | purisin | en puris | 1st singular | olisin purt, olisin purrut | en olis purt, en olis purrut |
2nd singular | purisit, purriist1) | et puris | 2nd singular | olisit purt, olisit purrut | et olis purt, et olis purrut |
3rd singular | puris | ei puris | 3rd singular | olis purt, olis purrut | ei olis purt, ei olis purrut |
1st plural | purisimma | emmä puris | 1st plural | olisimma purreet | emmä olis purreet |
2nd plural | purisitta | että puris | 2nd plural | olisitta purreet | että olis purreet |
3rd plural | purisiit1), purisivat2), purtais | evät puris, ei purtais | 3rd plural | olisivat purreet | evät olis purreet, ei olis purtu |
impersonal | purtais | ei purtais | impersonal | olis purtu | ei olis purtu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | pure | elä pure | 2nd singular | oo purt, oo purrut | elä oo purt, elä oo purrut |
3rd singular | purkoo | elköö purko | 3rd singular | olkoo purt, olkoo purrut | elköö olko purt, elköö olko purrut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | purkaa | elkää purko | 2nd plural | olkaa purreet | elkää olko purreet |
3rd plural | purkoot | elkööt purko, elköö purtako | 3rd plural | olkoot purreet | elkööt olko purreet, elköö olko purtu |
impersonal | purtakoo | elköö purtako | impersonal | olkoo purtu | elköö olko purtu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | purren | en purre | |||
2nd singular | purret | et purre | |||
3rd singular | purroo | ei purre | |||
1st plural | purremma | emmä purre | |||
2nd plural | purretta | että purre | |||
3rd plural | purroot | evät purre, ei purtane | |||
impersonal | purtanoo | ei purtane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | purra | present | pureva | purtava | |
2nd | inessive | purrees | past | purt, purrut | purtu |
instructive | purren | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (purkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | puromaa | |||
inessive | puromaas | ||||
elative | puromast | ||||
abessive | puromata | ||||
4th | nominative | puromiin | |||
partitive | puromista, puromist |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 443
Karelian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *purdak, from Proto-Uralic *pore-.
Verb
editpurra
- to bite
Spanish
editVerb
editpurra
- inflection of purrir:
Swedish
editEtymology
editFrom an original base meaning "to stick in, prod," probably of imitative origin, similar to Danish purre, Dutch porren (“to poke, prod”).
Verb
editpurra (present purrar, preterite purrade, supine purrat, imperative purra)
Conjugation
editactive | passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | purra | purras | ||
supine | purrat | purrats | ||
imperative | purra | — | ||
imper. plural1 | purren | — | ||
present | past | present | past | |
indicative | purrar | purrade | purras | purrades |
ind. plural1 | purra | purrade | purras | purrades |
subjunctive2 | purre | purrade | purres | purrades |
present participle | purrande | |||
past participle | purrad |
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
References
edit- purra in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- purra in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- purra in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- purra in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- purra in Svenskt nautiskt lexikon (1920)
- Faroese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Faroese/ʊɹːa
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- Rhymes:Ingrian/urː
- Rhymes:Ingrian/urː/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/urːɑ
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