Wiktionary

quark

See also: Quark

English

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Etymology 1

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    Coined by American physicist Murray Gell-Mann in 1963. The literary connection to James Joyce's Finnegans Wake was asserted later; see the Quark Wikipedia article.[1]

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    quark (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle that forms matter. They combine to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons.
      • 2012 March-April, Jeremy Bernstein, “A Palette of Particles”, in American Scientist‎[1], volume 100, number 2, page 146:
        There were also particles no one had predicted that just appeared. Five of them […, i]n order of increasing modernity, […] are the neutrino, the pi meson, the antiproton, the quark and the Higgs boson.
    2. (computing, X Window System) An integer that uniquely identifies a text string.
      • 2012, Keith D. Gregory, Programming with Motif, page 453:
        Two functions are provided to convert between strings and quarks: XrmStringToQuark and XrmQuarkToString […]
    Hyponyms
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    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    Etymology 2

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    German quark.

    Borrowed from German Quark, from late Middle High German twarc, from a West Slavic language (compare Polish twaróg), from Proto-Slavic *tvarogъ.

    Doublet of tvorog.

    Noun

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    quark (uncountable)

    1. A soft creamy cheese, eaten throughout northern, central, eastern, and southeastern Europe as well as the Low Countries, very similar to cottage cheese except that it is usually not made with rennet.
    Translations
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    Etymology 3

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    Onomatopoeic, from the sound of the squawk.

    Noun

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    quark (plural quarks)

    1. (Falkland Islands, informal) The black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax.

    Further reading

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    References

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    1. ^ James Gleick (1993) Genius: Richard Feynman and Modern Physics:
      Gell-Mann won the linguistic battle once again: his choice, a croaking nonsense word, was "quark". (After the fact, he was able to tack on a literary antecedent when he found the phrase "Three quarks for Muster Mark" in Finnegans Wake, but the physicists quark was pronounced from the beginning to rhyme with "cork".)

    Basque

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    Etymology

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    From English quark.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /kwark/ [kwark]
    • Rhymes: -ark
    • Hyphenation: quark

    Noun

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    quark inan

    1. (physics) quark

    Declension

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    Declension of quark (inanimate, ending in consonant)
    indefinite singular plural
    absolutive quark quarka quarkak
    ergative quarkek quarkak quarkek
    dative quarki quarkari quarkei
    genitive quarken quarkaren quarken
    comitative quarkekin quarkarekin quarkekin
    causative quarkengatik quarkarengatik quarkengatik
    benefactive quarkentzat quarkarentzat quarkentzat
    instrumental quarkez quarkaz quarkez
    inessive quarketan quarkean quarketan
    locative quarketako quarkeko quarketako
    allative quarketara quarkera quarketara
    terminative quarketaraino quarkeraino quarketaraino
    directive quarketarantz quarkerantz quarketarantz
    destinative quarketarako quarkerako quarketarako
    ablative quarketatik quarketik quarketatik
    partitive quarkik — —
    prolative quarktzat — —

    Further reading

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    Catalan

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English quark.

    Noun

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    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    Dutch

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    Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nl

    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English quark.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    French

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English quark.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    Galician

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English quark.

    Noun

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    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    Italian

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing from English quark.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈkwark/
    • Rhymes: -ark
    • Hyphenation: quàrk

    Noun

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    quark m (invariable)

    1. (physics) quark

    Derived terms

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    Further reading

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    • quark in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

    Portuguese

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Unadapted borrowing from English quark.[1][2]

    Noun

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    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark (an elementary subatomic particle which forms matter)

    Etymology 2

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    Unadapted borrowing from German Quark.[1]

    Noun

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    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. quark (soft creamy cheese)

    References

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    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “quark”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
    2. ^ “quark”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

    Spanish

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing from English quark.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈkwaɾk/ [ˈkwaɾk]
    • Rhymes: -aɾk
    • Syllabification: quark

    Noun

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    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. quark
      Hypernyms: fermión, partícula elemental

    Usage notes

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    According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

    Hyponyms

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    See also

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    Further reading

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