quark
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Coined by American physicist Murray Gell-Mann in 1963. The literary connection to James Joyce's Finnegans Wake was asserted later; see the Quark Wikipedia article.[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: kwôk, IPA(key): /kwɔːk/; enPR: kwäk, IPA(key): /kwɑːk/
Audio (Southern England) (file) Audio (Southern England) (file) - (General American) enPR: kwôrk, IPA(key): /kwɔɹk/; enPR: kwärk, IPA(key): /kwɑɹk/
- Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)k, Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)k
Noun edit
quark (plural quarks)
- (physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle that forms matter. They combine to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons.
- 2012 March-April, Jeremy Bernstein, “A Palette of Particles”, in American Scientist[1], volume 100, number 2, page 146:
- There were also particles no one had predicted that just appeared. Five of them […, i]n order of increasing modernity, […] are the neutrino, the pi meson, the antiproton, the quark and the Higgs boson.
- (computing, X Window System) An integer that uniquely identifies a text string.
- 2012, Keith D. Gregory, Programming with Motif, page 453:
- Two functions are provided to convert between strings and quarks:
XrmStringToQuark
andXrmQuarkToString
[…]
Hyponyms edit
Derived terms edit
- antiquark
- biquark
- charmed quark
- diquark
- hexaquark
- interquark
- multiquark
- pentaquark
- prequark
- quagma
- quark-antiquark
- quark-gluon plasma
- quarkless
- quark matter
- quark model
- quark nova
- quarkonic
- quarkonium
- quark star
- quark theory
- quarkyonic
- quink
- squark
- strange quark matter
- strange quark star
- subquark
- techniquark
- tetraquark
- triquark
Translations edit
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See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from German Quark, from late Middle High German twarc, from a West Slavic language (compare Polish twaróg), from Proto-Slavic *tvarogъ.
Noun edit
quark (uncountable)
- A soft creamy cheese, eaten throughout northern, central, eastern, and southeastern Europe as well as the Low Countries, very similar to cottage cheese except that it is usually not made with rennet.
Translations edit
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See also edit
Etymology 3 edit
Onomatopoeic, from the sound of the squawk.
Noun edit
quark (plural quarks)
- (Falkland Islands, informal) The black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax.
Further reading edit
- quark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- quark (dairy product) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- quark (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References edit
- ^ James Gleick (1993) Genius: Richard Feynman and Modern Physics:
- Gell-Mann won the linguistic battle once again: his choice, a croaking nonsense word, was "quark". (After the fact, he was able to tack on a literary antecedent when he found the phrase "Three quarks for Muster Mark" in Finnegans Wake, but the physicists quark was pronounced from the beginning to rhyme with "cork".)
Basque edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
quark inan
Declension edit
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | quark | quarka | quarkak |
ergative | quarkek | quarkak | quarkek |
dative | quarki | quarkari | quarkei |
genitive | quarken | quarkaren | quarken |
comitative | quarkekin | quarkarekin | quarkekin |
causative | quarkengatik | quarkarengatik | quarkengatik |
benefactive | quarkentzat | quarkarentzat | quarkentzat |
instrumental | quarkez | quarkaz | quarkez |
inessive | quarketan | quarkean | quarketan |
locative | quarketako | quarkeko | quarketako |
allative | quarketara | quarkera | quarketara |
terminative | quarketaraino | quarkeraino | quarketaraino |
directive | quarketarantz | quarkerantz | quarketarantz |
destinative | quarketarako | quarkerako | quarketarako |
ablative | quarketatik | quarketik | quarketatik |
partitive | quarkik | — | — |
prolative | quarktzat | — | — |
Further reading edit
- "quark" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
quark m (plural quarks)
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
quark m (plural quarks)
French edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
quark m (plural quarks)
Galician edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
quark m (plural quarks)
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Unadapted borrowing from English quark.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
quark m (invariable)
- (physics) quark
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- quark in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Unadapted borrowing from English quark.[1][2]
Noun edit
quark m (plural quarks)
Etymology 2 edit
Unadapted borrowing from German Quark.[1]
Noun edit
quark m (plural quarks)
- quark (soft creamy cheese)
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “quark” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
- ^ “quark” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Unadapted borrowing from English quark.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
quark m (plural quarks)
- quark
- Hypernyms: fermión, partícula elemental
Usage notes edit
According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.
Hyponyms edit
- (quarks) quark; quark arriba, quark abajo, quark encantado, quark extraño, quark cima, quark fondo (Category: es:Quarks)
See also edit
- (fermions) fermión; quark, leptón
- quark on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia es
Further reading edit
- “quark”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014