proton
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton), neuter of πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).
(physics): Coined by New Zealand-British scientist Ernest Rutherford in 1920, in analogy with electron (1891), and with an additional intention of honoring English chemist William Prout.
(anatomy): (1893); a translation of German Anlage (“fundamental thing”) based on Aristotle’s phrase he prote ousia to proton.[1]
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɹəʊ.tɒn/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈpɹoʊ.tɑn/
Audio (US) (file) - Hyphenation: pro‧ton
NounEdit
proton (plural protons)
- (physics) A positively charged subatomic particle forming part of the nucleus of an atom and determining the atomic number of an element, composed of two up quarks and a down quark.
- 1931, C[harles] G[eorge] Crump, The Red King Dreams, 1946 - 1948, 24 Russell Square: Faber & Faber Limited, page 302:
- The dance of the electrons about the prota, each electron and each proton consisting of a series of waves occupying the whole of the limited universe and obeying the laws of nature as they pass, is known to all.
- (obsolete, anatomy) Synonym of primordium
- 1898 July, “Contributed Articles”, in C[larence] L[uther] Herrick, editor, The Journal of Comparative Neurology: A Quarterly Periodical Devoted to the Comparative Study of the Nervous System, volume VIII, number 1; 2, Granville, Oh.: […] C[harles] Judson Herrick; […], pages 27 (C. L. H., […]) and 32–33 (C. L. H.; G[eorge] E[llett] Coghill, […]):
- It is a well authenticated fact that, in the case of section of a peripheral nerve, the nuclei of the sheath of Schwann pass to the centre of the lumen and form the protoplasmic prota of the segments of the new nerve […]. From studies of the development of the olfactory organs in reptiles, as reported briefly in earlier numbers of this Journal, the writer has been abundantly convinced of the truth of Beard’s statement that the olfactory prota arise from the skin […].
- 1898 December 28, Burt G[reen] Wilder, “Some Misapprehensions as to the Simplified Nomenclature of Anatomy”, in Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Session of the Association of American Anatomists, […], Washington, D.C.: Beresford, […], published 1899, page 23:
- This paper constituted the proton (the primordium, or ‘Anlage,’ if you prefer) of my own subsequent contributions, and likewise, so far as I knew at the time, of the simplified nomenclature in America.
- 1899, Walter P[orter] Manton, “Menstruation—Ovulation—Development of the Ovum”, in Charles Jewett, editor, The Practice of Obstetrics, New York, N.Y.; Philadelphia, Penn.: Lea Brothers & Co., part II (Physiology of Pregnancy), pages 84, 97, 104, 111, and 112:
- a, b. Prota of primitive segments (protovertebræ). […] These soon become partially constricted off from the fore-brain, their narrow pedicles—the optic stalks—being the prota of the optic nerves. The dorsal wall of the fore-brain continues to grow forward and upward from the rest of the vesicle, and soon forms a fourth ventricle or permanent fore-brain, the proton of the cerebral hemispheres. […] By the sixth week the otocyst has been converted by a fold into two portions—a dorsal part—the utriculus, from which three projections arise, the prota of the semicircular canals (Fig. 91), and a ventral part, the sacculus, from the anterior end of which the cochlea is developed. […] These are the Müllerian ducts, the prota of the female internal organs of generation. […] The cords acquire a lumen and become the prota of the seminiferous tubules.
SynonymsEdit
- p (symbolic)
HypernymsEdit
Coordinate termsEdit
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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ReferencesEdit
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2022), “proton”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
NounEdit
proton (plural protone)
BretonEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
proton m (collective, plural protonennoù, singulative protonenn)
CzechEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
proton m
Further readingEdit
- proton in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- proton in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
DanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
proton c (singular definite protonen, plural indefinite protoner)
DeclensionEdit
common gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | proton | protonen | protoner | protonerne |
genitive | protons | protonens | protoners | protonernes |
ReferencesEdit
- “proton” in Den Danske Ordbog
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
NounEdit
proton n (plural protonen)
FrenchEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
proton m (plural protons)
Further readingEdit
- “proton”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
proton (plural protonok)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | proton | protonok |
accusative | protont | protonokat |
dative | protonnak | protonoknak |
instrumental | protonnal | protonokkal |
causal-final | protonért | protonokért |
translative | protonná | protonokká |
terminative | protonig | protonokig |
essive-formal | protonként | protonokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | protonban | protonokban |
superessive | protonon | protonokon |
adessive | protonnál | protonoknál |
illative | protonba | protonokba |
sublative | protonra | protonokra |
allative | protonhoz | protonokhoz |
elative | protonból | protonokból |
delative | protonról | protonokról |
ablative | protontól | protonoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
protoné | protonoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
protonéi | protonokéi |
Possessive forms of proton | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | protonom | protonjaim |
2nd person sing. | protonod | protonjaid |
3rd person sing. | protonja | protonjai |
1st person plural | protonunk | protonjaink |
2nd person plural | protonotok | protonjaitok |
3rd person plural | protonjuk | protonjaik |
Further readingEdit
- proton in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IndonesianEdit
NounEdit
proton
LatinEdit
EtymologyEdit
From the neuter form πρῶτον (prôton) of Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
prōton m (genitive prōtōnis); third declension
DeclensionEdit
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | prōton | prōtōnēs |
Genitive | prōtōnis | prōtōnum |
Dative | prōtōnī | prōtōnibus |
Accusative | prōtōnem | prōtōnēs |
Ablative | prōtōne | prōtōnibus |
Vocative | prōton | prōtōnēs |
MalayEdit
NounEdit
proton (plural proton-proton, informal 1st possessive protonku, 2nd possessive protonmu, 3rd possessive protonnya)
Norwegian BokmålEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton)
NounEdit
proton n (definite singular protonet, indefinite plural proton or protoner, definite plural protona or protonene)
ReferencesEdit
- “proton” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton)
NounEdit
proton n (definite singular protonet, indefinite plural proton, definite plural protona)
ReferencesEdit
- “proton” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
proton m inan
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- proton in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- proton in Polish dictionaries at PWN
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
proton m (plural protoni)
DeclensionEdit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) proton | protonul | (niște) protoni | protonii |
genitive/dative | (unui) proton | protonului | (unor) protoni | protonilor |
vocative | protonule | protonilor |
Serbo-CroatianEdit
NounEdit
pròtōn m (Cyrillic spelling про̀то̄н)
DeclensionEdit
SwedishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
proton c
DeclensionEdit
Declension of proton | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | proton | protonen | protoner | protonerna |
Genitive | protons | protonens | protoners | protonernas |