ruden
English edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
ruden (third-person singular simple present rudens, present participle rudening, simple past and past participle rudened)
- (transitive) To make rude; make raw, simplified, or more robust; toughen.
- 1984, The Poetic Works of Charles Harpur:
- None ever voyaged the wild sea of Life / Less warped and rudened by its stormy strife, […]
- 1984, The Poetic Works of Charles Harpur:
Anagrams edit
Danish edit
Noun edit
ruden c
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old English rudian, from Proto-West Germanic *rodēn, *rudēn, from Proto-Germanic *rudāną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti; equivalent to rode (“ruddiness”) + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare rudnen.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ruden (third-person singular simple present rudeth, present participle rudende, rudynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle ruded)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of ruden (weak in -ed)
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants edit
- English: rud
References edit
- “ruden, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.