taju

See also: tajū and tajů

Finnish

Etymology

Probably from taitaa +‎ -u, which regularly would give *taitu, but with levelling from the oblique stem (as in i.e. tajuissaan), which in Eastern Finnish sees a regular loss of -d- (thus *taidu- > taju), and with later internal borrowing into the western dialects. Traditionally held to be derived instead from a root *taje- which would have also yielded taitaa, taittaa, taipua, taimi, etc., but the semantic connections are quite weak. For the semantic link between taitaa and taju, note that taitaa has meanings like "to understand" in the older language, while taju in some eastern dialects also has the meaning "skill".

Karelian taju is borrowed from Finnish, as are modern Estonian taju, tajuma (< tajuta). The exact nature of taioman olla attested in Wiedemann's Estonian-German dictionary is uncertain, but may also represent a borrowing from Finnish or a parallel derivative.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɑju/, [ˈt̪ɑ̝ju]
• Rhymes: -ɑju
• Syllabification^(key): ta‧ju

Noun

taju

1. consciousness

   Hän menetti tajunsa.

   He lost his consciousness.

   olla tajuissaan ― to be conscious (alert, awake)

   tulla tajuihinsa ― to become conscious

   taju kankaalla ― unconscious, knocked-out

2. sense, awareness

   Hänellä on hyvä huumorintaju.

   She has a good sense of humour.

Declension

Inflection of taju (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		taju	tajut
genitive		tajun	tajujen
partitive		tajua	tajuja
illative		tajuun	tajuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		taju	tajut
accusative	nom.	taju	tajut
	gen.	tajun
genitive		tajun	tajujen
partitive		tajua	tajuja
inessive		tajussa	tajuissa
elative		tajusta	tajuista
illative		tajuun	tajuihin
adessive		tajulla	tajuilla
ablative		tajulta	tajuilta
allative		tajulle	tajuille
essive		tajuna	tajuina
translative		tajuksi	tajuiksi
abessive		tajutta	tajuitta
instructive		—	tajuin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of taju (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tajuni tajuni accusative nom. tajuni tajuni gen. tajuni genitive tajuni tajujeni partitive tajuani tajujani inessive tajussani tajuissani elative tajustani tajuistani illative tajuuni tajuihini adessive tajullani tajuillani ablative tajultani tajuiltani allative tajulleni tajuilleni essive tajunani tajuinani translative tajukseni tajuikseni abessive tajuttani tajuittani instructive — — comitative — tajuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tajusi tajusi accusative nom. tajusi tajusi gen. tajusi genitive tajusi tajujesi partitive tajuasi tajujasi inessive tajussasi tajuissasi elative tajustasi tajuistasi illative tajuusi tajuihisi adessive tajullasi tajuillasi ablative tajultasi tajuiltasi allative tajullesi tajuillesi essive tajunasi tajuinasi translative tajuksesi tajuiksesi abessive tajuttasi tajuittasi instructive — — comitative — tajuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tajumme tajumme accusative nom. tajumme tajumme gen. tajumme genitive tajumme tajujemme partitive tajuamme tajujamme inessive tajussamme tajuissamme elative tajustamme tajuistamme illative tajuumme tajuihimme adessive tajullamme tajuillamme ablative tajultamme tajuiltamme allative tajullemme tajuillemme essive tajunamme tajuinamme translative tajuksemme tajuiksemme abessive tajuttamme tajuittamme instructive — — comitative — tajuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tajunne tajunne accusative nom. tajunne tajunne gen. tajunne genitive tajunne tajujenne partitive tajuanne tajujanne inessive tajussanne tajuissanne elative tajustanne tajuistanne illative tajuunne tajuihinne adessive tajullanne tajuillanne ablative tajultanne tajuiltanne allative tajullenne tajuillenne essive tajunanne tajuinanne translative tajuksenne tajuiksenne abessive tajuttanne tajuittanne instructive — — comitative — tajuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative tajunsa tajunsa accusative nom. tajunsa tajunsa gen. tajunsa genitive tajunsa tajujensa partitive tajuaan tajuansa tajujaan tajujansa inessive tajussaan tajussansa tajuissaan tajuissansa elative tajustaan tajustansa tajuistaan tajuistansa illative tajuunsa tajuihinsa adessive tajullaan tajullansa tajuillaan tajuillansa ablative tajultaan tajultansa tajuiltaan tajuiltansa allative tajulleen tajullensa tajuilleen tajuillensa essive tajunaan tajunansa tajuinaan tajuinansa translative tajukseen tajuksensa tajuikseen tajuiksensa abessive tajuttaan tajuttansa tajuittaan tajuittansa instructive — — comitative — tajuineen tajuinensa

Derived terms

• tajuinen
• tajuta
• tajuton

 

compounds

• ajantaju
• alitajuinen
• helppotajuinen
• huumorintaju
• huumorintajuinen
• kansantajuinen
• kauneudentaju
• kielitaju
• muodontaju
• muototaju
• oikeustaju
• rytmitaju
• suhteellisuudentaju
• suuntataju
• tajunmenetys
• tilannetaju
• todellisuudentaju
• todellisuustaju
• tyylitaju
• vaikeatajuinen
• yleistajuinen

 

Further reading

• “taju”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtad͡ʒu/
• Hyphenation: ta‧ju
• Rhymes: -d͡ʒu, -u

Etymology 1

Related to Indonesian taji (“spur”).

Noun

taju (plural taju-taju, first-person possessive tajuku, second-person possessive tajumu, third-person possessive tajunya)

1. (anatomy) protruding cartilage

Derived terms

• taju paruh gagak
• taju pedang

 

Etymology 2

Noun

taju (plural taju-taju, first-person possessive tajuku, second-person possessive tajumu, third-person possessive tajunya)

1. alternative spelling of tajuk

Further reading

• “taju” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Latvian

Noun

taju m

1. inflection of tajs:
   1. accusative/instrumental singular
   2. genitive plural