vilnis

See also: Vilnis

Latvian

Viļņi (1)

Vilnis (2)

Alternative forms

• (dialectal form) vilns

Etymology

From a more recent yo-stem variant *wil-nyo- of *wil-na (compare the Slavic cognates), from Proto-Baltic *wil- with an extra suffix -na, from Proto-Indo-European *welH-, *wl̥- (“to turn, to roll, to curl”). Some researchers suggest that this stem is related to, or the same as, the stem of vilna (“wool”) (q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian vilnìs, Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna), Russian волна́ (volná), Ukrainian вовна́ (vovná), Bulgarian вълна́ (vǎlná), Czech vlna, Proto-Germanic *welnan (“to curl, to scroll”) (Old High German wellan (“to curl, to scroll”), wella (“source”), German Welle (“wave”)), Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmí, “wave”) (< *wl̥H-mi-).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vîlnis]

Noun

vilnis m (2nd declension)

1. wave (elevation of water surface due to a disturbance)

   jūras, okeāna viļņi ― see, ocean waves

   liels vilnis ― large wave

   augsti viļņi ― high waves

   paisuma viļņi ― tidal waves

   viļņa mugura ― back of the wave

   viļņi sitas, skalojas pret krastu ― the waves pound, lap against the shore

   nirt viļņos ― to dive into the waves

2. (physics) wave (oscillatory motion in a medium, e.g., air)

   gaismas viļņu teorija ― the wave theory of light

   viļņa garums ― wavelength

   elektromagnētiskie, seismiskie, skaņu viļņi ― electromagnetic, seismic, sound waves

   garie, vidējie, īsie, ultraīsie viļņi ― long, medium, short, VHF waves

   mikroviļņi, mikroviļņu krāsns ― microwaves, microwave oven

3. wave (elevation of something in a way similar to, or reminiscent of, water waves)

   zaļos viļņos sašūpojas rudzu lauks te blakus ― the rye fields were rocking in green waves near here

   viņai bija tumši mati, kas viļņiem krita uz pleciem ― she had dark hair, which fell like waves on (her) shoulders

4. wave (group (of living beings) which moves, usually behind another such group)

   otrais uzbrucēju vilnis ― second wave of attackers

   turistu vilnis ― a wave of tourists

   melnais vārnu vilnis ― a black wave of crows (birds)

5. wave (amplification or strong expression of an action, activity, process, feeling)

   protesta vilnis ― a protest wave

   streiku vilnis ― a wave of strikes

   jauns baumu vilnis ― a new wave of rumors

   sajūsmas, sašutuma vilins ― delight, indignation wave

   aplausu vilnis ― a wave of applause

   jauns aukstuma vilnis ― a new cold wave

   Andri pārņem prieka vilnis ― Andris was overwhelmed by a wave of joy

   'pēkšņi viņu pārvarēja maiguma vilnis ― suddenly he was overcome by a wave of tenderness

Declension

Declension of vilnis (2nd declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	vilnis	viļņi
accusative (akuzatīvs)	vilni	viļņus
genitive (ģenitīvs)	viļņa	viļņu
dative (datīvs)	vilnim	viļņiem
instrumental (instrumentālis)	vilni	viļņiem
locative (lokatīvs)	vilnī	viļņos
vocative (vokatīvs)	vilni	viļņi

Derived terms

• garie viļņi
• īsviļņi, īsie viļņi
• mikroviļņi, mikroviļņu krāsns
• vidējie viļņi
• viļņa garums

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wilˀn-, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, coil”). Cognate with Latvian vilnis, Proto-Slavic *vьlnà, Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmi, “wave”).

Noun

vilnìs f (plural vĩlnys) stress pattern 4

1. wave

Declension

Declension of vilnìs

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	vilnìs	vĩlnys
genitive (kilmininkas)	vilniẽs	vilnių̃
dative (naudininkas)	vĩlniai	vilnìms
accusative (galininkas)	vĩlnį	vilnìs
instrumental (įnagininkas)	vilnimì	vilnimìs
locative (vietininkas)	vilnyjè	vilnysè
vocative (šauksmininkas)	vilniẽ	vĩlnys