閩東

See also: 闽东

Chinese

		Fujian Province (abbrev.); Min	east
trad. (閩東)		閩	東
simp. (闽东)		闽	东

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Mǐndōng, Míndōng

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ ㄉㄨㄥ, ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁵ dung¹, man⁴ dung¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mén-tûng
• Eastern Min (BUC): mìng-dĕ̤ng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bân-tang
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶min-ton

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Mǐndōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ ㄉㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǐndong
    • Wade–Giles: min³-tung¹
    • Yale: mǐn-dūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miindong
    • Palladius: миньдун (minʹdun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: míndōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: míndong
    • Wade–Giles: min²-tung¹
    • Yale: mín-dūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mindong
    • Palladius: миньдун (minʹdun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /min³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: man⁵ dung¹, man⁴ dung¹
    • Yale: máhn dūng, màhn dūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: man⁵ dung¹, man⁴ dung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: men⁵ dung¹, men⁴ dung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn¹³ tʊŋ⁵⁵/, /mɐn²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mén-tûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: men` dung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: men³ dung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /men³¹ tuŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mìng-dĕ̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)nøyŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bân-tang
    • Tâi-lô: bân-tang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bandafng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ban²⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ban²⁴⁻²² taŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ban¹³⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ban²⁴⁻¹¹ taŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban²³⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶min-ton
    • MiniDict: min^去 ton
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³min-ton
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /min²² toŋ⁴⁴/

Proper noun

閩東

1. eastern Fujian province

Derived terms

• 閩東語／闽东语 (mǐndōngyǔ)

 

Noun

閩東

1. (～話, ～語, ～方言) Eastern Min; Min Dong (a variety of Chinese spoken in and around Fuzhou)

   • 過細地比較閩南話和閩東、閩北的差異，我們還可以看到，閩南話與客家話的某些相近特點正是這種差異的主要內容。 [MSC, trad.]
     过细地比较闽南话和闽东、闽北的差异，我们还可以看到，闽南话与客家话的某些相近特点正是这种差异的主要内容。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2002, 李如龍 (Li Rulong), 論閩語與吴語、客贛語的關係, in 丁邦新 (Ting Pang-hsin) and 張雙慶 (Chang Song-hing) (editors), 《閩語研究及其與周邊方言的關係》 (The Study of Min Dialects and Its Relationship with Other Peripheral Dialects), page 41

     Guòxì de bǐjiào Mǐnnánhuà hé Mǐndōng, Mǐnběi de chāyì, wǒmen hái kěyǐ kàndào, mǐnnánhuà yǔ kèjiāhuà de mǒuxiē xiāngjìn tèdiǎn zhèngshì zhè zhǒng chāyì de zhǔyào nèiróng. [Pinyin]

     If we carefully examine the differences between Southern Min, Eastern Min and Northern Min, we can see that some of the similarities between Southern Min and Hakka are exactly the main content of this kind of difference.

   • 連城客語、閩東、閩南語則和畬語、苗瑤語讀音相近。 [MSC, trad.]
     连城客语、闽东、闽南语则和畬语、苗瑶语读音相近。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2012, 羅玉芝 (Yu-chih Lo), 臺灣客家話的閩南語借詞及其共同詞研究 (The Loanwords of Taiwanese Hakka Dialects from the Southern Min Dialect and the Words Common to Both)

     Liánchéng Kèyǔ, Mǐndōng, Mǐnnányǔ zé hé Shēyǔ, Miáo-Yáoyǔ dúyīn xiàngjìn. [Pinyin]

     The pronunciation in Liancheng Hakka, Eastern Min and Southern Min is close to that in She and Hmong-Mien languages.

   • 本文即以閩語反映古微歌祭同讀、古文元同讀的韻讀做為分析研究的對象，運用修訂的分析方法與研究步驟，詳細辨析閩語三大次方言：閩南、閩東、閩北的韻讀對應規則 [MSC, trad.]
     本文即以闽语反映古微歌祭同读、古文元同读的韵读做为分析研究的对象，运用修订的分析方法与研究步骤，详细辨析闽语三大次方言：闽南、闽东、闽北的韵读对应规则 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2014, 杜佳倫, 閩語古微歌祭同讀、古文元同讀的歷史層次分析, in 《文與哲》 (Literature & Philosophy), issue 25, page 330

     běnwén jí yǐ Mǐnyǔ fǎnyìng gǔ wēi gē jì tóngdú, gǔ wén yuán tóngdú de yùndòu zuòwèi fēnxī yánjiū de duìxiàng, yùnyòng xiūdìng de fēnxī fāngfǎ yǔ yánjiū bùzhòu, xiángxì biànxī Mǐnyǔ sān dà cìfāngyán: Mǐnnán, Mǐndōng, Mǐnběi de yùndòu duìyìng guīzé [Pinyin]

     This article takes the Min reflexes of ancient wēi, gē and jì as the same rhyme and ancient wén and yuán as the same rhyme as its object of analytical study, utilising a revised analytical and research methodology to analyse the rhyme correspondences in the three major subdivisions of Min — Southern Min, Eastern Min and Northern Min — in detail