án

See also: Appendix:Variations of "an"

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse án, ón, from Proto-Germanic *ēnu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈauːn/

  Rhymes: -auːn

• IPA^(key): /ˈaun/ (when forming a phonetic unit with an unaccented pronoun, e.g. án þess (“without it”): IPA^(key): /ˈaun.ðɛs/)

Preposition

án

1. (with genitive) without
   • Nennirðu að koma með mér án leiðinda?

     (lit. [are you bothered with] to come with me without trouble?)

     Would you mind coming with me without any trouble?

Anagrams

• ná

---

Irish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈɑːn̪ˠ/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈɑːnˠ/
• (West Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈæːnˠ/
• (East Ulster before extinction) IPA^(key): /ˈeːnˠ/

Adjective

án (genitive singular masculine áin, genitive singular feminine áine, plural ána, comparative áine)

1. bright, brilliant
2. splendid, noble

Declension

Declension of án

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	án	án	ána
Vocative	áin		ána
Genitive		áne	ána	án
Dative	án	án; áin (archaic)	ána
Comparative	níos áne
Superlative	is áne

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
án	n-án	hán	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "án" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

---

Mandarin

Romanization

án (Zhuyin ㄢˊ)

1. Pinyin transcription of 啽
2. Pinyin transcription of 犳
3. Pinyin transcription of 玵
4. Pinyin transcription of 蝹
5. Pinyin transcription of 雸
6. Pinyin transcription of 蝻

---

Min Nan

For pronunciation and definitions of án – see 按 (“to push; to press; to put aside; etc.”). (This character, án, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 按.)

For pronunciation and definitions of án – see 俺 (“Prefix for kinship terms., etc.”). (This character, án, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 俺.)

---

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• áin

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːn/

Noun

án f (genitive áine)

1. verbal noun of aigid

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ánL	—	—
Vocative	ánL	—	—
Accusative	áinN	—	—
Genitive	áineH	—	—
Dative	áinL	—	—
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
án	unchanged	n-án
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “áin”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

---

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• ón

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ēnu.

Preposition

án

1. without
   1. (with genitive)
   2. (with dative)
   3. (with accusative)

Descendants

• Icelandic: án
• Faroese: ón
• → Middle English: *on, on-
  • English: on, ohn
  • Scots: on-, ohn-

References

• án in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.

---

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔaːn˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔaːŋ˦˧˥]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ʔaːŋ˦˥]

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 案.

Noun

án

1. criminal case
2. sentence (judicial order for punishment)

Etymology 2

Verb

án • (𢭬)

1. to impede visibility by using the body of something