ón

See also: Appendix:Variations of "on"

Hungarian

Chemical element
Sn
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Next: antimon (Sb)

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *wolnɜ (“tin”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ ˈoːn]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -oːn

Noun

ón (plural ónok)

1. tin (symbol: Sn)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	ón	ónok
accusative	ónt	ónokat
dative	ónnak	ónoknak
instrumental	ónnal	ónokkal
causal-final	ónért	ónokért
translative	ónná	ónokká
terminative	ónig	ónokig
essive-formal	ónként	ónokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	ónban	ónokban
superessive	ónon	ónokon
adessive	ónnál	ónoknál
illative	ónba	ónokba
sublative	ónra	ónokra
allative	ónhoz	ónokhoz
elative	ónból	ónokból
delative	ónról	ónokról
ablative	óntól	ónoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	óné	ónoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	ónéi	ónokéi

Possessive forms of ón
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	ónom	ónjaim
2nd person sing.	ónod	ónjaid
3rd person sing.	ónja	ónjai
1st person plural	ónunk	ónjaink
2nd person plural	ónotok	ónjaitok
3rd person plural	ónjuk	ónjaik

Derived terms

• irón
• ónos

Further reading

• ón in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.

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Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oːnˠ/

Contraction

ón (triggers eclipsis or lenition depending on dialect)

1. Contraction of ó + an: (from the).

   ón abhainn ― from the river

Alternative forms

• ó’n (superseded)

Related terms

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded*, det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod*, dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
fara (“along with, beside”)	fairis an	fairis na	fara mo	fara do	farana	faranár	faranar		faranarb	faranarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id*, it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led*, let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód*, ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Preposition

ón

1. (dialectal) Alternative form of ó (“from, since”)

Usage notes

This form is found only before bhur (“your pl”) and is not part of the standard written language. In older texts, ón bhur may also be spelled ó nbhur.

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Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oːn/

Etymology 1

From ṡón, the lenited form of són.

Pronoun

ón

1. clitic form of sodain
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 21d3

     Niba dimicthe-se libsi cía·béo i fochidib, ar [is] gloria dúibsi ón

     I should not be despised by you although I may be in sufferings: for this is glory to you

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 114b18

     nád fil nech con·gné fris ón acht Día

     that there is no one to help him but God

2. (adverbial use) so, thus
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 117b9

     di·taam-ni .i. dechrigmir-ni ón

     We stand apart i.e. we differ thus

Etymology 2

Univerbation of úa (“from/of/by”) +‎ in (“the”, dative singular)

Article

ón

1. from/of/by the (dative singular)

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

• óin, úain

Noun

ón f (genitive ónae)

1. verbal noun of oidid: loan, lending

Usage notes

Often used to contrast with airlicud, with the implication that while an airlicud charges interest, an ón is interest-free.

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ónL	óinL	ónaH
Vocative	ónL	óinL	ónaH
Accusative	óinN	óinL	ónaH
Genitive	ónaeH	ónL	ónN
Dative	óinL	ónaib	ónaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
ón	unchanged	n-ón
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Old Norse

Alternative forms

• ván, vón

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wēniz.

Noun

ón f

1. hope, expectation

Declension

  Declension of ón (strong i-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ón	ónin	ónir	ónirnar
accusative	ón	ónina	ónir	ónirnar
dative	ón	óninni	ónum	ónunum
genitive	ónar	ónarinnar	óna	ónanna