أكل
See also: آكل
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Semitic *ʔakal- (root ء ك ل (ʔ-k-l)).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
أَكَلَ • (ʔakala) I, non-past يَأْكُلُ (yaʔkulu)
- (transitive) to eat, to consume (food)
- (transitive) to consume (resources, money, and so on) (envisioned as a form of eating)
- (transitive, of an erosive, decaying, or combustive agent such as fire, insects, or rust) to gnaw, to eat away, to abrade, to corrode, to erode; to destroy
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
أَكَلَ
(form-I sound irregular, verbal nouns أَكْل or مَأْكَل)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
أَكْل or مَأْكَل ʔakl or maʔkal | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʔākil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʔkūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔakaltu |
ʔakalta |
أَكَلَ ʔakala |
ʔakaltumā |
ʔakalā |
ʔakalnā |
ʔakaltum |
ʔakalū | |||
f | ʔakalti |
ʔakalat |
ʔakalatā |
ʔakaltunna |
ʔakalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔākulu |
taʔkulu |
yaʔkulu |
taʔkulāni |
yaʔkulāni |
naʔkulu |
taʔkulūna |
yaʔkulūna | |||
f | taʔkulīna |
taʔkulu |
taʔkulāni |
taʔkulna |
yaʔkulna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔākula |
taʔkula |
yaʔkula |
taʔkulā |
yaʔkulā |
naʔkula |
taʔkulū |
yaʔkulū | |||
f | taʔkulī |
taʔkula |
taʔkulā |
taʔkulna |
yaʔkulna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔākul |
taʔkul |
yaʔkul |
taʔkulā |
yaʔkulā |
naʔkul |
taʔkulū |
yaʔkulū | |||
f | taʔkulī |
taʔkul |
taʔkulā |
taʔkulna |
yaʔkulna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | kul |
kulā |
kulū |
||||||||
f | kulī |
kulna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔukiltu |
ʔukilta |
أُكِلَ ʔukila |
ʔukiltumā |
ʔukilā |
ʔukilnā |
ʔukiltum |
ʔukilū | |||
f | ʔukilti |
ʔukilat |
ʔukilatā |
ʔukiltunna |
ʔukilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔūkalu |
tuʔkalu |
yuʔkalu |
tuʔkalāni |
yuʔkalāni |
nuʔkalu |
tuʔkalūna |
yuʔkalūna | |||
f | tuʔkalīna |
tuʔkalu |
tuʔkalāni |
tuʔkalna |
yuʔkalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔūkala |
tuʔkala |
yuʔkala |
tuʔkalā |
yuʔkalā |
nuʔkala |
tuʔkalū |
yuʔkalū | |||
f | tuʔkalī |
tuʔkala |
tuʔkalā |
tuʔkalna |
yuʔkalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔūkal |
tuʔkal |
yuʔkal |
tuʔkalā |
yuʔkalā |
nuʔkal |
tuʔkalū |
yuʔkalū | |||
f | tuʔkalī |
tuʔkal |
tuʔkalā |
tuʔkalna |
yuʔkalna |
Descendants edit
- Egyptian Arabic: أكل (ʔakal)
- Gulf Arabic: كلى (kila, kala), كَلَا (kila, kala)
- Maltese: kiel
- Moroccan Arabic: كال (kāl), كلى (klā)
- South Levantine Arabic: أكل (ʔakal)
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
أَكِلَ • (ʔakila) I, non-past يَأْكَلُ (yaʔkalu)
- (intransitive) to erode
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
أَكِلَ
(form-I sound irregular, verbal noun أَكَل)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
أَكَل ʔakal | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʔākil | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔakiltu |
ʔakilta |
أَكِلَ ʔakila |
ʔakiltumā |
ʔakilā |
ʔakilnā |
ʔakiltum |
ʔakilū | |||
f | ʔakilti |
ʔakilat |
ʔakilatā |
ʔakiltunna |
ʔakilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔākalu |
taʔkalu |
yaʔkalu |
taʔkalāni |
yaʔkalāni |
naʔkalu |
taʔkalūna |
yaʔkalūna | |||
f | taʔkalīna |
taʔkalu |
taʔkalāni |
taʔkalna |
yaʔkalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔākala |
taʔkala |
yaʔkala |
taʔkalā |
yaʔkalā |
naʔkala |
taʔkalū |
yaʔkalū | |||
f | taʔkalī |
taʔkala |
taʔkalā |
taʔkalna |
yaʔkalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔākal |
taʔkal |
yaʔkal |
taʔkalā |
yaʔkalā |
naʔkal |
taʔkalū |
yaʔkalū | |||
f | taʔkalī |
taʔkal |
taʔkalā |
taʔkalna |
yaʔkalna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | kal |
kalā |
kalū |
||||||||
f | kalī |
kalna |
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
أَكَّلَ • (ʔakkala) II, non-past يُؤَكِّلُ (yuʔakkilu)
- (ditransitive) to give (something) to eat, to feed
- Synonym: أَطْعَمَ (ʔaṭʕama)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
أَكَّلَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taʔkīl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muʔakkil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muʔakkal | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔakkaltu |
ʔakkalta |
أَكَّلَ ʔakkala |
ʔakkaltumā |
ʔakkalā |
ʔakkalnā |
ʔakkaltum |
ʔakkalū | |||
f | ʔakkalti |
ʔakkalat |
ʔakkalatā |
ʔakkaltunna |
ʔakkalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʔakkilu |
tuʔakkilu |
yuʔakkilu |
tuʔakkilāni |
yuʔakkilāni |
nuʔakkilu |
tuʔakkilūna |
yuʔakkilūna | |||
f | tuʔakkilīna |
tuʔakkilu |
tuʔakkilāni |
tuʔakkilna |
yuʔakkilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʔakkila |
tuʔakkila |
yuʔakkila |
tuʔakkilā |
yuʔakkilā |
nuʔakkila |
tuʔakkilū |
yuʔakkilū | |||
f | tuʔakkilī |
tuʔakkila |
tuʔakkilā |
tuʔakkilna |
yuʔakkilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʔakkil |
tuʔakkil |
yuʔakkil |
tuʔakkilā |
yuʔakkilā |
nuʔakkil |
tuʔakkilū |
yuʔakkilū | |||
f | tuʔakkilī |
tuʔakkil |
tuʔakkilā |
tuʔakkilna |
yuʔakkilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | أَكِّلْ ʔakkil |
ʔakkilā |
ʔakkilū |
||||||||
f | ʔakkilī |
ʔakkilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔukkiltu |
ʔukkilta |
أُكِّلَ ʔukkila |
ʔukkiltumā |
ʔukkilā |
ʔukkilnā |
ʔukkiltum |
ʔukkilū | |||
f | ʔukkilti |
ʔukkilat |
ʔukkilatā |
ʔukkiltunna |
ʔukkilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʔakkalu |
tuʔakkalu |
yuʔakkalu |
tuʔakkalāni |
yuʔakkalāni |
nuʔakkalu |
tuʔakkalūna |
yuʔakkalūna | |||
f | tuʔakkalīna |
tuʔakkalu |
tuʔakkalāni |
tuʔakkalna |
yuʔakkalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʔakkala |
tuʔakkala |
yuʔakkala |
tuʔakkalā |
yuʔakkalā |
nuʔakkala |
tuʔakkalū |
yuʔakkalū | |||
f | tuʔakkalī |
tuʔakkala |
tuʔakkalā |
tuʔakkalna |
yuʔakkalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʔakkal |
tuʔakkal |
yuʔakkal |
tuʔakkalā |
yuʔakkalā |
nuʔakkal |
tuʔakkalū |
yuʔakkalū | |||
f | tuʔakkalī |
tuʔakkal |
tuʔakkalā |
tuʔakkalna |
yuʔakkalna |
Etymology 4 edit
Pronunciation 1 edit
Noun edit
أَكْل • (ʔakl) m
Declension edit
Declension of noun أَكْل (ʔakl)
Descendants edit
- Gulf Arabic: اَكِل (akil)
Pronunciation 2 edit
Noun edit
أُكُل or أُكْل • (ʔukul or ʔukl) m
Declension edit
Declension of noun أُكُل (ʔukul); أُكْل (ʔukl)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أُكُل; أُكْل ʔukul; ʔukl |
الْأُكُل; الْأُكْل al-ʔukul; al-ʔukl |
أُكُل; أُكْل ʔukul; ʔukl |
Nominative | أُكُلٌ; أُكْلٌ ʔukulun; ʔuklun |
الْأُكُلُ; الْأُكْلُ al-ʔukulu; al-ʔuklu |
أُكُلُ; أُكْلُ ʔukulu; ʔuklu |
Accusative | أُكُلًا; أُكْلًا ʔukulan; ʔuklan |
الْأُكُلَ; الْأُكْلَ al-ʔukula; al-ʔukla |
أُكُلَ; أُكْلَ ʔukula; ʔukla |
Genitive | أُكُلٍ; أُكْلٍ ʔukulin; ʔuklin |
الْأُكُلِ; الْأُكْلِ al-ʔukuli; al-ʔukli |
أُكُلِ; أُكْلِ ʔukuli; ʔukli |
References edit
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “ءكل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Egyptian Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
أكل • (ʔakal) I (non-past ياكل (yākul))
- (transitive) to eat
- (transitive, sometimes humorous) to eat at, to vex, to irritate
- (transitive) to irritate the skin of
Hijazi Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ء ك ل |
1 term |
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
أَكَل • (ʔakal) I (non-past ياكل (yākul))
- to eat
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of أكل (ʔakal) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | أكلت (ʔakalt) | أكلت (ʔakalt) | أكل (ʔakal) | أكلنا (ʔakalna) | أكلتوا (ʔakaltu) | أكلوا (ʔakalu) | |
f | أكلتي (ʔakalti) | أكلت (ʔakalat) | ||||||
non-past | m | آكل (ʔākul) | تاكل (tākul) | ياكل (yākul) | ناكل (nākul) | تاكلوا (tāklu) | ياكلوا (yāklu) | |
f | تاكلي (tākli) | تاكل (tākul) | ||||||
imperative | m | كل (kul) | كلوا (kulu) | |||||
f | كلي (kuli) |
Etymology 2 edit
From Arabic أَكَّلَ (ʔakkala).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
أَكَّل • (ʔakkal) II (non-past يِأَكِّل (yiʔakkil))
- to eat
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of أكل (ʔakkal) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | أكلت (ʔakkalt) | أكلت (ʔakkalt) | أكل (ʔakkal) | أكلنا (ʔakkalna) | أكلتوا (ʔakkaltu) | أكلوا (ʔakkalu) | |
f | أكلتي (ʔakkalti) | أكلت (ʔakkalat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أأكل (ʔaʔakkil) | تأكل (tiʔakkil) | يأكل (yiʔakkil) | نأكل (niʔakkil) | تأكلوا (tiʔakkilu) | يأكلوا (yiʔakkilu) | |
f | تأكلي (tiʔakkili) | تأكل (tiʔakkil) | ||||||
imperative | m | أكل (ʔakkil) | أكلوا (ʔakkilu) | |||||
f | أكلي (ʔakkili) |
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
أكل • (ʔakil) m (construct state أَكْل (ʔakl))
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ء ك ل |
6 terms |
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
أكل • (ʔakal) I (present بياكل (byākol) or بوكل (bōkel), active participle ماكل (mākel))
- to eat
Usage notes edit
- بياكل (byākol) is more widely understood, as it is also used in North Levantine and Egyptian dialects, while بوكل (bōkel) is typically South Levantine. This feature is shared with the verb أخد (ʔaḵad).
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of أكل (ʔakal), present: بياكل (byākol) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | أكلت (ʔakalt) | أكلت (ʔakalt) | أكل (ʔakal) | أكلنا (ʔakalna) | أكلتو (ʔakaltu) | أكلو (ʔakalu) | |
f | أكلتي (ʔakalti) | أكلت (ʔaklat) | ||||||
present | m | باكل (bākol) | بتاكل (btākol) | بياكل (byākol) | مناكل (mnākol) | بتاكلو (btāklu) | بياكلو (byāklu) | |
f | بتاكلي (btākli) | بتاكل (btākol) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | آكل (ākol) | تاكل (tākol) | ياكل (yākol) | ناكل (nākol) | تاكلو (tāklu) | ياكلو (yāklu) | |
f | تاكلي (tākli) | تاكل (tākol) | ||||||
imperative | m | كل (kol) | كلو (kolu) | |||||
f | كلي (koli) |
Conjugation of أكل (ʔakal), present: بوكل (bōkel) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | أكلت (ʔakalt) | أكلت (ʔakalt) | أكل (ʔakal) | أكلنا (ʔakalna) | أكلتو (ʔakaltu) | أكلو (ʔakalu) | |
f | أكلتي (ʔakalti) | أكلت (ʔaklat) | ||||||
present | m | بوكل (bōkel) | بتوكل (btōkel) | بوكل (bōkel) | منوكل (mnōkel) | بتوكلو (btōklu) | بوكلو (bōklu) | |
f | بتوكلي (btōkli) | بتوكل (btōkel) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اوكل (ōkel) | توكل (tōkel) | يوكل (yōkel) | نوكل (nōkel) | توكلو (tōklu) | يوكلو (yōklu) | |
f | توكلي (tōkli) | توكل (tōkel) | ||||||
imperative | m | كل (kol) | كلو (kolu) | |||||
f | كلي (koli) |
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
أكل • (ʔákil) m