ضل
See also: صل
Arabic
editRoot |
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ض ل ل (ḍ l l) |
7 terms |
Pronunciation
editVerb
editضَلَّ • (ḍalla) I (non-past يَضِلُّ (yaḍillu), verbal noun ضَلّ (ḍall) or ضَلَال (ḍalāl) or ضَلَالَة (ḍalāla))
- to go astray, to err, to lose
- Antonym: اِهْتَدَى (ihtadā)
- ضَلَّ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ. / ضَلَّ الطَّرِيقَ.
- ḍalla ʕani ṭ-ṭarīqi. / ḍalla aṭ-ṭarīqa.
- He went astray from the way.
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 1:7:
- صِرٰطَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ ٱلْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا ٱلضَّالِّينَ
- ṣirāṭa llaḏīna ʔanʕamta ʕalayhim ḡayri l-maḡḍūbi ʕalayhim walā ḍ-ḍāllīna
- The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ضَلّ, ضَلَال, ضَلَالَة ḍall, ḍalāl, ḍalāla | |||||||||||
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active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ضَالّ ḍāll | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَضْلُول maḍlūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ضَلَلْتُ ḍalaltu |
ضَلَلْتَ ḍalalta |
ضَلَّ ḍalla |
ضَلَلْتُمَا ḍalaltumā |
ضَلَّا ḍallā |
ضَلَلْنَا ḍalalnā |
ضَلَلْتُمْ ḍalaltum |
ضَلُّوا ḍallū | |||
f | ضَلَلْتِ ḍalalti |
ضَلَّتْ ḍallat |
ضَلَّتَا ḍallatā |
ضَلَلْتُنَّ ḍalaltunna |
ضَلَلْنَ ḍalalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَضِلُّ ʔaḍillu |
تَضِلُّ taḍillu |
يَضِلُّ yaḍillu |
تَضِلَّانِ taḍillāni |
يَضِلَّانِ yaḍillāni |
نَضِلُّ naḍillu |
تَضِلُّونَ taḍillūna |
يَضِلُّونَ yaḍillūna | |||
f | تَضِلِّينَ taḍillīna |
تَضِلُّ taḍillu |
تَضِلَّانِ taḍillāni |
تَضْلِلْنَ taḍlilna |
يَضْلِلْنَ yaḍlilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَضِلَّ ʔaḍilla |
تَضِلَّ taḍilla |
يَضِلَّ yaḍilla |
تَضِلَّا taḍillā |
يَضِلَّا yaḍillā |
نَضِلَّ naḍilla |
تَضِلُّوا taḍillū |
يَضِلُّوا yaḍillū | |||
f | تَضِلِّي taḍillī |
تَضِلَّ taḍilla |
تَضِلَّا taḍillā |
تَضْلِلْنَ taḍlilna |
يَضْلِلْنَ yaḍlilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَضِلَّ, أَضِلِّ, أَضْلِلْ ʔaḍilla, ʔaḍilli, ʔaḍlil |
تَضِلَّ, تَضِلِّ, تَضْلِلْ taḍilla, taḍilli, taḍlil |
يَضِلَّ, يَضِلِّ, يَضْلِلْ yaḍilla, yaḍilli, yaḍlil |
تَضِلَّا taḍillā |
يَضِلَّا yaḍillā |
نَضِلَّ, نَضِلِّ, نَضْلِلْ naḍilla, naḍilli, naḍlil |
تَضِلُّوا taḍillū |
يَضِلُّوا yaḍillū | |||
f | تَضِلِّي taḍillī |
تَضِلَّ, تَضِلِّ, تَضْلِلْ taḍilla, taḍilli, taḍlil |
تَضِلَّا taḍillā |
تَضْلِلْنَ taḍlilna |
يَضْلِلْنَ yaḍlilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ضِلَّ, ضِلِّ, اِضْلِلْ ḍilla, ḍilli, iḍlil |
ضِلَّا ḍillā |
ضِلُّوا ḍillū |
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f | ضِلِّي ḍillī |
اِضْلِلْنَ iḍlilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ضُلِلْتُ ḍuliltu |
ضُلِلْتَ ḍulilta |
ضُلَّ ḍulla |
ضُلِلْتُمَا ḍuliltumā |
ضُلَّا ḍullā |
ضُلِلْنَا ḍulilnā |
ضُلِلْتُمْ ḍuliltum |
ضُلُّوا ḍullū | |||
f | ضُلِلْتِ ḍulilti |
ضُلَّتْ ḍullat |
ضُلَّتَا ḍullatā |
ضُلِلْتُنَّ ḍuliltunna |
ضُلِلْنَ ḍulilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُضَلُّ ʔuḍallu |
تُضَلُّ tuḍallu |
يُضَلُّ yuḍallu |
تُضَلَّانِ tuḍallāni |
يُضَلَّانِ yuḍallāni |
نُضَلُّ nuḍallu |
تُضَلُّونَ tuḍallūna |
يُضَلُّونَ yuḍallūna | |||
f | تُضَلِّينَ tuḍallīna |
تُضَلُّ tuḍallu |
تُضَلَّانِ tuḍallāni |
تُضْلَلْنَ tuḍlalna |
يُضْلَلْنَ yuḍlalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُضَلَّ ʔuḍalla |
تُضَلَّ tuḍalla |
يُضَلَّ yuḍalla |
تُضَلَّا tuḍallā |
يُضَلَّا yuḍallā |
نُضَلَّ nuḍalla |
تُضَلُّوا tuḍallū |
يُضَلُّوا yuḍallū | |||
f | تُضَلِّي tuḍallī |
تُضَلَّ tuḍalla |
تُضَلَّا tuḍallā |
تُضْلَلْنَ tuḍlalna |
يُضْلَلْنَ yuḍlalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُضَلَّ, أُضَلِّ, أُضْلَلْ ʔuḍalla, ʔuḍalli, ʔuḍlal |
تُضَلَّ, تُضَلِّ, تُضْلَلْ tuḍalla, tuḍalli, tuḍlal |
يُضَلَّ, يُضَلِّ, يُضْلَلْ yuḍalla, yuḍalli, yuḍlal |
تُضَلَّا tuḍallā |
يُضَلَّا yuḍallā |
نُضَلَّ, نُضَلِّ, نُضْلَلْ nuḍalla, nuḍalli, nuḍlal |
تُضَلُّوا tuḍallū |
يُضَلُّوا yuḍallū | |||
f | تُضَلِّي tuḍallī |
تُضَلَّ, تُضَلِّ, تُضْلَلْ tuḍalla, tuḍalli, tuḍlal |
تُضَلَّا tuḍallā |
تُضْلَلْنَ tuḍlalna |
يُضْلَلْنَ yuḍlalna |
References
edit- Wehr, Hans (1979) “ضل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Noun
editضَلّ • (ḍall) m
- verbal noun of ضَلَّ (ḍalla) (form I)
Declension
editMoroccan Arabic
editRoot |
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ض ل ل |
3 terms |
Etymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editNorth Levantine Arabic
editEtymology
editVerb
editضل • (ḍall) (nonpast يضَلّ (yḍall))
- (intransitive) to stay, to remain
- Synonym: بِقِي (biʔi)
- ضَلَّيْت بِالبَيْت
- ḍallēt bil-bēt
- I stayed home.
- to keep doing (construed with either a present-progressive participle, عَم (ʕam), or a subjunctive verb)
- هو ضل يحكي ونحنا ضلينا ماشيين
- huwwe ḍall yiḥki w-niḥna ḍallēna māšyīn
- He kept talking and we kept walking.
Usage notes
edit- Uniquely, this verb can also be conjugated by substituting a matching object pronoun for the normal ending of a given conjugation. For example, ضَلّْ (ḍall, “he stayed”), ضَلَّيْتُوا (ḍallaytu, “you stayed”, plural you), بِيضَلُّوا (biḍallu, “they stay”), and ضَلِّي (ḍalli, “stay!”, feminine imperative) can alternatively be ضَلُّه (ḍallo, “he stayed”), ضَلَّيْتْكُن (ḍallaytkun, “you stayed”, plural you), بِيضَلّْهُن (biḍall(h)un, “they stay”), and ضَلِّك (ḍallik, “stay!”, feminine imperative). The conjugation ضَلَّيْنَا (ḍallayna, “we stayed”) looks the same in both paradigms.
- For some speakers, the imperative is suppleted by one fashioned on خَلَّى (ḵalla, “to let be, to keep [as is]”). This suppletive form mandatorily uses object pronouns to conjugate: its singular forms use the base خَلِّيك (ḵallīk-). The plural can either be خَلُّوكُن (ḵallūkun, “stay!”, plural imperative) or خَلِّيكُن (ḵallīkun, “stay!”, plural imperative).
South Levantine Arabic
editRoot |
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ض ل ل |
1 term |
Etymology
editPronunciation
editVerb
editضلّ • (ḍall) I (present بضلّ (biḍall), active participle ضايل (ḍāyil))
- to stay, to remain
- Synonym: بقي (biʔi)
- (by extension, with enclitic determiner) to continue, to keep doing
Conjugation
editConjugation of ضلّ (ḍall) | ||||||||
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singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | ضلّيت (ḍallēt) | ضلّيت (ḍallēt) | ضلّ (ḍall) | ضلّينا (ḍallēna) | ضلّيتو (ḍallētu) | ضلّو (ḍallu) | |
f | ضلّيتي (ḍallēti) | ضلّت (ḍallat) | ||||||
present | m | بضلّ (baḍall) | بتضلّ (bitḍall) | بضلّ (biḍall) | منضلّ (minḍall) | بتضلّو (bitḍallu) | بضلّو (biḍallu) | |
f | بتضلّي (bitḍalli) | بتضلّ (bitḍall) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اضلّ (aḍall) | تضلّ (tḍall) | يضلّ (yḍall) | نضلّ (nḍall) | تضلّو (tḍallu) | يضلّو (yḍallu) | |
f | تضلّي (tḍalli) | تضلّ (tḍall) | ||||||
imperative | m | ضلّ (ḍall) | ضلّو (ḍallu) | |||||
f | ضلّي (ḍalli) |
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ض ل ل
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic geminate form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel a and non-past vowel i
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic verbal nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Moroccan Arabic terms belonging to the root ض ل ل
- Moroccan Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic 1-syllable words
- Moroccan Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Moroccan Arabic terms with audio links
- Moroccan Arabic lemmas
- Moroccan Arabic nouns
- Moroccan Arabic masculine nouns
- North Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- North Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- North Levantine Arabic lemmas
- North Levantine Arabic verbs
- North Levantine Arabic intransitive verbs
- North Levantine Arabic terms with usage examples
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ض ل ل
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio links
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic verbs
- South Levantine Arabic form-I verbs
- South Levantine Arabic terms with usage examples