عم
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Particle edit
عَمَّ • (ʕamma)
- from what?
- about what?
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
عَمَّ • (ʕamma) I, non-past يَعُمُّ (yaʕummu)
- to be or become general
- to spread, to prevail
- هُنَالِكَ عَمَّ ٱلْخَيْرُ
- hunālika ʕamma l-ḵayru
- The good spread there.
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ʕumūm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʕāmm | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʕmūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕamamtu |
ʕamamta |
عَمَّ ʕamma |
ʕamamtumā |
ʕammā |
ʕamamnā |
ʕamamtum |
ʕammū | |||
f | ʕamamti |
ʕammat |
ʕammatā |
ʕamamtunna |
ʕamamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaʕummu |
taʕummu |
yaʕummu |
taʕummāni |
yaʕummāni |
naʕummu |
taʕummūna |
yaʕummūna | |||
f | taʕummīna |
taʕummu |
taʕummāni |
taʕmumna |
yaʕmumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaʕumma |
taʕumma |
yaʕumma |
taʕummā |
yaʕummā |
naʕumma |
taʕummū |
yaʕummū | |||
f | taʕummī |
taʕumma |
taʕummā |
taʕmumna |
yaʕmumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaʕumma or ʔaʕummi or ʔaʕmum |
taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum |
yaʕumma or yaʕummi or yaʕmum |
taʕummā |
yaʕummā |
naʕumma or naʕummi or naʕmum |
taʕummū |
yaʕummū | |||
f | taʕummī |
taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum |
taʕummā |
taʕmumna |
yaʕmumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ʕumma or ʕummi or uʕmum |
ʕummā |
ʕummū |
||||||||
f | ʕummī |
uʕmumna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | عُمَّ ʕumma |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yuʕammu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yuʕamma |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yuʕamma or yuʕammi or yuʕmam |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Verb edit
عَمَّ • (ʕamma) I, non-past يَعُمُّ (yaʕummu)
- to comprise, to include, to encompass, to pervade
- عَمَّ ٱلْمَطَرُ ٱلْأَرْضَ
- ʕamma l-maṭaru l-ʔarḍa
- The rain encompassed the whole land.
- عَمَّهُمُ ٱلْمَرَضُ
- ʕammahumu l-maraḍu
- The disease spread among them.
- to extend, to stretch, to be diffused, to be prevailing
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ʕumūm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʕāmm | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʕmūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕamamtu |
ʕamamta |
عَمَّ ʕamma |
ʕamamtumā |
ʕammā |
ʕamamnā |
ʕamamtum |
ʕammū | |||
f | ʕamamti |
ʕammat |
ʕammatā |
ʕamamtunna |
ʕamamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaʕummu |
taʕummu |
yaʕummu |
taʕummāni |
yaʕummāni |
naʕummu |
taʕummūna |
yaʕummūna | |||
f | taʕummīna |
taʕummu |
taʕummāni |
taʕmumna |
yaʕmumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaʕumma |
taʕumma |
yaʕumma |
taʕummā |
yaʕummā |
naʕumma |
taʕummū |
yaʕummū | |||
f | taʕummī |
taʕumma |
taʕummā |
taʕmumna |
yaʕmumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaʕumma or ʔaʕummi or ʔaʕmum |
taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum |
yaʕumma or yaʕummi or yaʕmum |
taʕummā |
yaʕummā |
naʕumma or naʕummi or naʕmum |
taʕummū |
yaʕummū | |||
f | taʕummī |
taʕumma or taʕummi or taʕmum |
taʕummā |
taʕmumna |
yaʕmumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ʕumma or ʕummi or uʕmum |
ʕummā |
ʕummū |
||||||||
f | ʕummī |
uʕmumna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕumimtu |
ʕumimta |
عُمَّ ʕumma |
ʕumimtumā |
ʕummā |
ʕumimnā |
ʕumimtum |
ʕummū | |||
f | ʕumimti |
ʕummat |
ʕummatā |
ʕumimtunna |
ʕumimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕammu |
tuʕammu |
yuʕammu |
tuʕammāni |
yuʕammāni |
nuʕammu |
tuʕammūna |
yuʕammūna | |||
f | tuʕammīna |
tuʕammu |
tuʕammāni |
tuʕmamna |
yuʕmamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕamma |
tuʕamma |
yuʕamma |
tuʕammā |
yuʕammā |
nuʕamma |
tuʕammū |
yuʕammū | |||
f | tuʕammī |
tuʕamma |
tuʕammā |
tuʕmamna |
yuʕmamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕamma or ʔuʕammi or ʔuʕmam |
tuʕamma or tuʕammi or tuʕmam |
yuʕamma or yuʕammi or yuʕmam |
tuʕammā |
yuʕammā |
nuʕamma or nuʕammi or nuʕmam |
tuʕammū |
yuʕammū | |||
f | tuʕammī |
tuʕamma or tuʕammi or tuʕmam |
tuʕammā |
tuʕmamna |
yuʕmamna |
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
عَمّ • (ʕamm) m (plural أَعْمام (ʔaʕmām) or عُمُوم (ʕumūm), feminine عَمَّة (ʕamma))
- paternal blood uncle (one's father's brother)
- (informal) term of address to an older person
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عَمّ ʕamm |
الْعَمّ al-ʕamm |
عَمّ ʕamm |
Nominative | عَمٌّ ʕammun |
الْعَمُّ al-ʕammu |
عَمُّ ʕammu |
Accusative | عَمًّا ʕamman |
الْعَمَّ al-ʕamma |
عَمَّ ʕamma |
Genitive | عَمٍّ ʕammin |
الْعَمِّ al-ʕammi |
عَمِّ ʕammi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | عَمَّيْن ʕammayn |
الْعَمَّيْن al-ʕammayn |
عَمَّيْ ʕammay |
Nominative | عَمَّانِ ʕammāni |
الْعَمَّانِ al-ʕammāni |
عَمَّا ʕammā |
Accusative | عَمَّيْنِ ʕammayni |
الْعَمَّيْنِ al-ʕammayni |
عَمَّيْ ʕammay |
Genitive | عَمَّيْنِ ʕammayni |
الْعَمَّيْنِ al-ʕammayni |
عَمَّيْ ʕammay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عُمُوم ʕumūm |
الْعُمُوم al-ʕumūm |
عُمُوم ʕumūm |
Nominative | عُمُومٌ ʕumūmun |
الْعُمُومُ al-ʕumūmu |
عُمُومُ ʕumūmu |
Accusative | عُمُومًا ʕumūman |
الْعُمُومَ al-ʕumūma |
عُمُومَ ʕumūma |
Genitive | عُمُومٍ ʕumūmin |
الْعُمُومِ al-ʕumūmi |
عُمُومِ ʕumūmi |
Descendants edit
- → Swahili: ami
Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
عَمٍ • (ʕamin) (masculine plural عَمُونَ (ʕamūna), feminine plural عَمِيَات (ʕamiyāt))
- blind
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 27:66:
- بَلِ ٱدَّارَكَ عِلْمُهُمْ فِي ٱلْآخِرَةِ ۚ بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِنْهَا ۖ بَلْ هُم مِنْهَا عَمُونَ
- bali ddāraka ʕilmuhum fī l-ʔāḵirati bal hum fī šakkin minhā bal hum minhā ʕamūna
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension edit
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular triptote in ـٍ (-in) | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَمِي ʕamī |
الْعَمِي al-ʕamī |
عَمِيَة ʕamiya |
الْعَمِيَة al-ʕamiya |
Nominative | عَمٍ ʕamin |
الْعَمِي al-ʕamī |
عَمِيَةٌ ʕamiyatun |
الْعَمِيَةُ al-ʕamiyatu |
Accusative | عَمِيًا ʕamiyan |
الْعَمِيَ al-ʕamiya |
عَمِيَةً ʕamiyatan |
الْعَمِيَةَ al-ʕamiyata |
Genitive | عَمٍ ʕamin |
الْعَمِي al-ʕamī |
عَمِيَةٍ ʕamiyatin |
الْعَمِيَةِ al-ʕamiyati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَمِيَيْن ʕamiyayn |
الْعَمِيَيْن al-ʕamiyayn |
عَمِيَتَيْن ʕamiyatayn |
الْعَمِيَتَيْن al-ʕamiyatayn |
Nominative | عَمِيَانِ ʕamiyāni |
الْعَمِيَانِ al-ʕamiyāni |
عَمِيَتَانِ ʕamiyatāni |
الْعَمِيَتَانِ al-ʕamiyatāni |
Accusative | عَمِيَيْنِ ʕamiyayni |
الْعَمِيَيْنِ al-ʕamiyayni |
عَمِيَتَيْنِ ʕamiyatayni |
الْعَمِيَتَيْنِ al-ʕamiyatayni |
Genitive | عَمِيَيْنِ ʕamiyayni |
الْعَمِيَيْنِ al-ʕamiyayni |
عَمِيَتَيْنِ ʕamiyatayni |
الْعَمِيَتَيْنِ al-ʕamiyatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَمِين ʕamīn |
الْعَمِين al-ʕamīn |
عَمِيَات ʕamiyāt |
الْعَمِيَات al-ʕamiyāt |
Nominative | عَمُونَ ʕamūna |
الْعَمُونَ al-ʕamūna |
عَمِيَاتٌ ʕamiyātun |
الْعَمِيَاتُ al-ʕamiyātu |
Accusative | عَمِينَ ʕamīna |
الْعَمِينَ al-ʕamīna |
عَمِيَاتٍ ʕamiyātin |
الْعَمِيَاتِ al-ʕamiyāti |
Genitive | عَمِينَ ʕamīna |
الْعَمِينَ al-ʕamīna |
عَمِيَاتٍ ʕamiyātin |
الْعَمِيَاتِ al-ʕamiyāti |
Etymology 5 edit
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular active imperative of عَمَّى (ʕammā)
Egyptian Arabic edit
Noun edit
عم • (ʿamm) m (feminine عمه (ʿamma), plural أعمام (ʾaʿmām))
- paternal uncle (“brother of one's father”)
- (informal) Term of address to an older person
North Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Arabic عَمّ (ʕamm, “paternal uncle”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
عم • (ʿamm) m (plural عموم (ʿmūm), feminine عمة (ʿamme))
- paternal uncle
- (informal, especially with vocative يا (yā)) term of address to an older person or stranger
Derived terms edit
- عمو (ʕammu)
Etymology 2 edit
Clipping of عَمَّال (ʕammāl), an earlier form related to the verb عمل (ʕimil, “to do”). See also مّا (mma).
Particle edit
عم • (ʿam(m) or ʿamma)
- Used with a following imperfect verb to mark the present progressive tense.
- عَمَّ بيِتسَاءَلُوا
- ʿamma byitsāʾalu
- They’re messing around.
- شو عم تعمل؟ — عم إشرب قهوة
- šū ʿam taʿmil? — ʿam ʾišrab ʾahwe.
- What are you doing? — I’m drinking coffee.
Usage notes edit
- Can be negated with either ما (mā) or مش (miš).
- The distribution of the two pronunciations, as well as of the b-prefix on the verb, varies by speaker and region. (Note that neither of these variables has any bearing on the construction's meaning.) Common possibilities follow, demoed using the phrase "I'm eating, he's eating":
- Verbs always appear with the prefix بـ (b-). Possibilities from here:
- عَم (ʕam) is used invariably: عَمْ باكل، عَمْ بياكل ― ʿam bākul, ʿam byākul
- عَم (ʕam) is used when the بـ (b-) precedes a vowel, and عَمَّ (ʕamma) when it precedes another consonant. This is to avoid a three-consonant cluster: عَمْ باكل، عَمَّ بياكل ― ʿam bākul, ʿamma byākul
- Verbs use the indicative prefix بـ (b-) when it precedes a vowel, and omit it when it would precede a consonant. This too is to avoid a three-consonant cluster. Therefore, عَم (ʕam) is used invariably: عَمْ باكل، عَمْ ياكل ― ʿam bākul, ʿam yākul
- Verbs never use the indicative prefix بـ (b-). Therefore, عَم (ʕam) is used invariably: عَمْ آكل، عَمْ ياكل ― ʿam ʾākul, ʿam yākul
- Verbs always appear with the prefix بـ (b-). Possibilities from here:
- These are not constants, however. Speakers will often alternate between the options presented, even sometimes preserving the عَمَّ (ʕamma) pronunciation unconditioned.
South Levantine Arabic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
ع م م |
2 terms |
Noun edit
عمّ • (ʕamm) m (plural عمام (ʕmām), feminine عمّة (ʕamme))
- paternal uncle (father's brother)
- Endearing form: عمّو (ʕammo)
- father-in-law
- Synonym: حما (ḥama)
See also edit
- خال (ḵāl, “maternal uncle”)
Etymology 2 edit
Clipping of عمّال (ʕammāl), an earlier form related to the verb عمل (ʕimil, “to do”).
Particle edit
عمّ • (ʕamm)
- used to stress the ongoing nature of an action
Usage notes edit
- Although widely used, عمّ (ʕamm) is technically emphatic and thus optional; the present tense can already refer to continuous actions.
- In theory, عمّ (ʕamm) would be followed by the present tense; however, the بـ (b-) non-past marker is usually elided to avoid a consonant cluster — yielding the subjunctive. However, note that the elision does not occur to 1st-person singular forms, and is optional in cases where بتـ is realized as bit- (e.g. bitsawwi). Likewise, the elision does not occur at all when عمّ is realized as ʕamma.