مر
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
م ر ر (m-r-r) |
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
مَرَّ • (marra) I, non-past يَمُرُّ (yamurru)
Conjugation edit
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
marr or murūr or mamarr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mārr | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mamrūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | marartu |
mararta |
مَرَّ marra |
marartumā |
marrā |
mararnā |
marartum |
marrū | |||
f | mararti |
marrat |
marratā |
marartunna |
mararna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔamurru |
tamurru |
yamurru |
tamurrāni |
yamurrāni |
namurru |
tamurrūna |
yamurrūna | |||
f | tamurrīna |
tamurru |
tamurrāni |
tamrurna |
yamrurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔamurra |
tamurra |
yamurra |
tamurrā |
yamurrā |
namurra |
tamurrū |
yamurrū | |||
f | tamurrī |
tamurra |
tamurrā |
tamrurna |
yamrurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔamurra or ʔamurri or ʔamrur |
tamurra or tamurri or tamrur |
yamurra or yamurri or yamrur |
tamurrā |
yamurrā |
namurra or namurri or namrur |
tamurrū |
yamurrū | |||
f | tamurrī |
tamurra or tamurri or tamrur |
tamurrā |
tamrurna |
yamrurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | murra or murri or umrur |
murrā |
murrū |
||||||||
f | murrī |
umrurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | مُرَّ murra |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yumarru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yumarra |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yumarra or yumarri or yumrar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Derived terms edit
- مَرَّ مُرُورَ الْكِرَامِ (marra murūra l-kirāmi)
Verb edit
مَرَّ • (marra) I, non-past يَمَرُّ (yamarru), first-person past مَرِرْتُ (marirtu)
- to be bitter
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
marāra | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mārr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | marirtu |
marirta |
مَرَّ marra |
marirtumā |
marrā |
marirnā |
marirtum |
marrū | |||
f | marirti |
marrat |
marratā |
marirtunna |
marirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔamarru |
tamarru |
yamarru |
tamarrāni |
yamarrāni |
namarru |
tamarrūna |
yamarrūna | |||
f | tamarrīna |
tamarru |
tamarrāni |
tamrarna |
yamrarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔamarra |
tamarra |
yamarra |
tamarrā |
yamarrā |
namarra |
tamarrū |
yamarrū | |||
f | tamarrī |
tamarra |
tamarrā |
tamrarna |
yamrarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔamarra or ʔamarri or ʔamrar |
tamarra or tamarri or tamrar |
yamarra or yamarri or yamrar |
tamarrā |
yamarrā |
namarra or namarri or namrar |
tamarrū |
yamarrū | |||
f | tamarrī |
tamarra or tamarri or tamrar |
tamarrā |
tamrarna |
yamrarna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | marra or marri or imrar |
marrā |
marrū |
||||||||
f | marrī |
imrarna |
Noun edit
مَرّ • (marr) m
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Aramaic מרא / ܡܪܐ (marrā, “shovel”), from Akkadian 𒄑𒈥 (GEŠ-MAR /marru/).
.
Noun edit
مَرّ • (marr) m (plural مُرُور (murūr))
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مَرّ marr |
الْمَرّ al-marr |
مَرّ marr |
Nominative | مَرٌّ marrun |
الْمَرُّ al-marru |
مَرُّ marru |
Accusative | مَرًّا marran |
الْمَرَّ al-marra |
مَرَّ marra |
Genitive | مَرٍّ marrin |
الْمَرِّ al-marri |
مَرِّ marri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مَرَّيْن marrayn |
الْمَرَّيْن al-marrayn |
مَرَّيْ marray |
Nominative | مَرَّانِ marrāni |
الْمَرَّانِ al-marrāni |
مَرَّا marrā |
Accusative | مَرَّيْنِ marrayni |
الْمَرَّيْنِ al-marrayni |
مَرَّيْ marray |
Genitive | مَرَّيْنِ marrayni |
الْمَرَّيْنِ al-marrayni |
مَرَّيْ marray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مُرُور murūr |
الْمُرُور al-murūr |
مُرُور murūr |
Nominative | مُرُورٌ murūrun |
الْمُرُورُ al-murūru |
مُرُورُ murūru |
Accusative | مُرُورًا murūran |
الْمُرُورَ al-murūra |
مُرُورَ murūra |
Genitive | مُرُورٍ murūrin |
الْمُرُورِ al-murūri |
مُرُورِ murūri |
Etymology 3 edit
Compare Hebrew מַר (mar), Classical Syriac ܡܪܝܪܐ (marrīrā), Akkadian 𒋀 (marru), and Ugaritic 𐎎𐎗 (mr).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Adjective edit
مُرّ • (murr) (feminine مُرَّة (murra), masculine plural أَمْرَار (ʔamrār), feminine plural مَرَائِر (marāʔir), elative أَمَرّ (ʔamarr))
Declension edit
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُرّ murr |
الْمُرّ al-murr |
مُرَّة murra |
الْمُرَّة al-murra |
Nominative | مُرٌّ murrun |
الْمُرُّ al-murru |
مُرَّةٌ murratun |
الْمُرَّةُ al-murratu |
Accusative | مُرًّا murran |
الْمُرَّ al-murra |
مُرَّةً murratan |
الْمُرَّةَ al-murrata |
Genitive | مُرٍّ murrin |
الْمُرِّ al-murri |
مُرَّةٍ murratin |
الْمُرَّةِ al-murrati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | مُرَّيْن murrayn |
الْمُرَّيْن al-murrayn |
مُرَّتَيْن murratayn |
الْمُرَّتَيْن al-murratayn |
Nominative | مُرَّانِ murrāni |
الْمُرَّانِ al-murrāni |
مُرَّتَانِ murratāni |
الْمُرَّتَانِ al-murratāni |
Accusative | مُرَّيْنِ murrayni |
الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni |
مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni |
الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni |
Genitive | مُرَّيْنِ murrayni |
الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni |
مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni |
الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
basic broken plural triptote | basic broken plural diptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَمْرَار ʔamrār |
الْأَمْرَار al-ʔamrār |
مَرَائِر marāʔir |
الْمَرَائِر al-marāʔir |
Nominative | أَمْرَارٌ ʔamrārun |
الْأَمْرَارُ al-ʔamrāru |
مَرَائِرُ marāʔiru |
الْمَرَائِرُ al-marāʔiru |
Accusative | أَمْرَارًا ʔamrāran |
الْأَمْرَارَ al-ʔamrāra |
مَرَائِرَ marāʔira |
الْمَرَائِرَ al-marāʔira |
Genitive | أَمْرَارٍ ʔamrārin |
الْأَمْرَارِ al-ʔamrāri |
مَرَائِرَ marāʔira |
الْمَرَائِرِ al-marāʔiri |
Descendants edit
- Maltese: morr
- → Azerbaijani: mürr
- → Ottoman Turkish: مر (murr)
- →⇒ Armenian: մռու (mṙu)
- → Persian: مر (morr)
Noun edit
مُرّ • (murr) m (plural أَمْرَار (ʔamrār))
- myrrh, the dried sap of Commiphora myrrha
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مُرّ murr |
الْمُرّ al-murr |
مُرّ murr |
Nominative | مُرٌّ murrun |
الْمُرُّ al-murru |
مُرُّ murru |
Accusative | مُرًّا murran |
الْمُرَّ al-murra |
مُرَّ murra |
Genitive | مُرٍّ murrin |
الْمُرِّ al-murri |
مُرِّ murri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مُرَّيْن murrayn |
الْمُرَّيْن al-murrayn |
مُرَّيْ murray |
Nominative | مُرَّانِ murrāni |
الْمُرَّانِ al-murrāni |
مُرَّا murrā |
Accusative | مُرَّيْنِ murrayni |
الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni |
مُرَّيْ murray |
Genitive | مُرَّيْنِ murrayni |
الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni |
مُرَّيْ murray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَمْرَار ʔamrār |
الْأَمْرَار al-ʔamrār |
أَمْرَار ʔamrār |
Nominative | أَمْرَارٌ ʔamrārun |
الْأَمْرَارُ al-ʔamrāru |
أَمْرَارُ ʔamrāru |
Accusative | أَمْرَارًا ʔamrāran |
الْأَمْرَارَ al-ʔamrāra |
أَمْرَارَ ʔamrāra |
Genitive | أَمْرَارٍ ʔamrārin |
الْأَمْرَارِ al-ʔamrāri |
أَمْرَارِ ʔamrāri |
Descendants edit
- → Middle Armenian: մուռ (muṙ)
Noun edit
مُرّ • (murr) m (collective, singulative مُرَّة f (murra))
- myrrh, the plant Commiphora myrrha
- (obsolete) dandelion (Taraxacum officinale sensu lato)
Declension edit
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مُرّ murr |
الْمُرّ al-murr |
مُرّ murr |
Nominative | مُرٌّ murrun |
الْمُرُّ al-murru |
مُرُّ murru |
Accusative | مُرًّا murran |
الْمُرَّ al-murra |
مُرَّ murra |
Genitive | مُرٍّ murrin |
الْمُرِّ al-murri |
مُرِّ murri |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مُرَّة murra |
الْمُرَّة al-murra |
مُرَّة murrat |
Nominative | مُرَّةٌ murratun |
الْمُرَّةُ al-murratu |
مُرَّةُ murratu |
Accusative | مُرَّةً murratan |
الْمُرَّةَ al-murrata |
مُرَّةَ murrata |
Genitive | مُرَّةٍ murratin |
الْمُرَّةِ al-murrati |
مُرَّةِ murrati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مُرَّتَيْن murratayn |
الْمُرَّتَيْن al-murratayn |
مُرَّتَيْ murratay |
Nominative | مُرَّتَانِ murratāni |
الْمُرَّتَانِ al-murratāni |
مُرَّتَا murratā |
Accusative | مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni |
الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni |
مُرَّتَيْ murratay |
Genitive | مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni |
الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni |
مُرَّتَيْ murratay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مُرَّات murrāt |
الْمُرَّات al-murrāt |
مُرَّات murrāt |
Nominative | مُرَّاتٌ murrātun |
الْمُرَّاتُ al-murrātu |
مُرَّاتُ murrātu |
Accusative | مُرَّاتٍ murrātin |
الْمُرَّاتِ al-murrāti |
مُرَّاتِ murrāti |
Genitive | مُرَّاتٍ murrātin |
الْمُرَّاتِ al-murrāti |
مُرَّاتِ murrāti |
Etymology 4 edit
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular active imperative of أَمَرَ (ʔamara)
- second-person masculine singular active imperative of أَمُرَ (ʔamura)
References edit
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “مر”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 576
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 86
- Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19)[2], Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 70
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “مر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2699 seqq.
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “مر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[4], London: W.H. Allen, pages 979–980
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “مر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 1056 seqq.
- Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 41
Central Kurdish edit
Noun edit
مر (mir)
Derived terms edit
Gilaki edit
Noun edit
مر (mar)
Ottoman Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
مر • (murr, mürr)
Descendants edit
- →⇒ Armenian: մռու (mṙu)
Noun edit
مر • (murr, mürr)
Descendants edit
- →? Armenian: մուռ (muṙ)
Further reading edit
- Karapetean, Petros Zēkʻi (1912) “مر”, in Mec baṙaran ōsmanerēnē hayerēn [Great Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary], Constantinople: Aršak Karōean, page 776b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[5], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1143b
- Pōzačean, Yakovbos (1841) “միւրր”, in Hamaṙōt baṙaran i tačkakanē i hay [Concise Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary][6], Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 648a
Persian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Persian [script needed] (ml /mar/, “number; account; class”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [maɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [mæɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [mäɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | mar |
Dari reading? | mar |
Iranian reading? | mar |
Tajik reading? | mar |
Particle edit
مر • (mar)
- (Classical Persian, obsolete) Occurs before a word or phrase followed by را (râ), the accusative-dative-genitive marker. [rare after 12th c.]
- مرین مرد را گفتم. (obsolete)
- mar în mard râ guftam.
- I told this man.
- c. 1080, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, “Qaṣīda 4”, in دیوان ناصرخسرو [Dīvān of Nāṣir-i Khusraw][7]:
- سلام کن ز من ای باد مر خراسان را
مر اهل فضل و خرد را نه عام نادان را- salām kun zi man ay bād mar xurāsān rā
mar ahl-i fazl u xirad rā na āmm-i nādān rā - O wind, send my greetings to Khurāsān,
To its wise and excellent men, not to the ignorant masses.
- salām kun zi man ay bād mar xurāsān rā
- (obsolete) In later texts, sometimes used without را simply for archaic effect, without any semantic meaning.
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Arabic مُرّ (murr).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [muɾɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [moɹɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [muɾɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | murr |
Dari reading? | murr |
Iranian reading? | morr |
Tajik reading? | murr |
Noun edit
مر • (morr)
Adjective edit
مر • (morr)
- (archaic, rare) bitter
- Synonym: تلخ (talx)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 344:
- گفت ای شه گوش و دستم را ببر
بینیام بشکاف و لب در حکم مر- guft ay šah gūš u dast-am rā biburr
bīnī-am biškāf u lab dar hukm-i murr - “O king,” said he, “cut off my ears and hands, rip my nose and lips by bitter [cruel] decree.”
- guft ay šah gūš u dast-am rā biburr
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
مر • (mor)
References edit
- Agnès Lenepveu-Hotz (2018) “Specialization of an ancient object marker in the New Persian of the fifteenth century”, in Alireza Korangy, Corey Miller, editors, Trends in Iranian and Persian Linguistics, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, pages 81–101
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
م ر ر |
3 terms |
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
مرّ • (marr) I (present بمرّ (bimorr))
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of مرّ (marr) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | مرّيت (marrēt) | مرّيت (marrēt) | مرّ (marr) | مرّينا (marrēna) | مرّيتو (marrētu) | مرّو (marru) | |
f | مرّيتي (marrēti) | مرّت (marrat) | ||||||
present | m | بمرّ (bamorr) | بتمرّ (bitmorr) | بمرّ (bimorr) | منمرّ (minmorr) | بتمرّو (bitmorru) | بمرّو (bimorru) | |
f | بتمرّي (bitmorri) | بتمرّ (bitmorr) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | امرّ (amorr) | تمرّ (tmorr) | يمرّ (ymorr) | نمرّ (nmorr) | تمرّو (tmorru) | يمرّو (ymorru) | |
f | تمرّي (tmorri) | تمرّ (tmorr) | ||||||
imperative | m | مرّ (morr) | مرّو (morru) | |||||
f | مرّي (morri) |
Etymology 2 edit
Adjective edit
مرّ • (murr) (feminine مرّة (murra))
See also edit
Basic tastes in South Levantine Arabic · طعم (ṭaʕm), ذوق (zōʕ) (layout · text) | |||||
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حلو (ḥilu) | حامض (ḥāmeḍ) | مالح (māleḥ) | مرّ (murr) | حارّ (ḥārr) | - |