Alternative forms
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Etymology
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From Middle English paynful, peinful, peynful, paynefull, peynefull, equivalent to pain + -ful. Compare Danish pinefuld (“painful”).
Pronunciation
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Adjective
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painful (comparative painfuller or more painful, superlative painfullest or most painful)
- Causing pain or distress, either physical or mental. [from 14th c.]
- Afflicted or suffering with pain (of a body part or, formerly, of a person). [from 15th c.]
- Requiring effort or labor; difficult, laborious. [from 15th c.]
- (archaic) Painstaking; careful; industrious. [from 16th c.]
1624, John Smith, Generall Historie, Kupperman, published 1988, page 142:The men bestow their times in fishing, hunting, warres, and such manlike exercises, scorning to be seene in any woman-like exercise, which is the cause that the women be very painefull, and the men often idle.
1791, James Boswell, The Life of Samuel Johnson:To all these painful labourers Johnson shewed a never-ceasing kindness, so far as they stood in need of it.
1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, chapter 2, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book II (The Ancient Monk):For twenty generations, here was the earthly arena where painful living men worked out their life-wrestle
- (informal) Very bad, poor.
His violin playing is painful.
Synonyms
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Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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causing pain
- Arabic: أَلِيم (ʔalīm), مُؤْلِم (muʔlim), مُوجِع (mūjiʕ)
- Belarusian: балю́чы (baljúčy)
- Bikol Central: makulog (bcl)
- Bulgarian: боле́знен (bg) (boléznen), мъчи́телен (bg) (mǎčítelen) (causing grief, pain or sorrow), бо́лен (bg) (bólen) (sore)
- Catalan: dolorós (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 痛苦的 (tòngkǔ de), 疼痛的 (téngtòng de)
- Czech: bolestivý (cs), bolavý, bolestný (cs) (of experience)
- Danish: smertefuld (da), smertelig
- Esperanto: dolora
- Finnish: kivulias (fi), tuskallinen (fi)
- French: douloureux (fr)
- Galician: doloroso
- Georgian: მტკივნეული (mṭḳivneuli)
- German: schmerzhaft (de)
- Greek: επώδυνος (el) (epódynos), οδυνηρός (el) (odynirós), λυπηρός (el) (lypirós)
- Ancient: ἐπώδυνος (epṓdunos), ὀδυνηρός (odunērós), λυπηρός (lupērós)
- Hawaiian: ʻeha
- Hungarian: fájdalmas (hu)
- Ingrian: vaivakas
- Irish: pianmhar (ga), pianúil, pianach, piantach, piantúil, léanmhar
- Italian: doloroso (it)
- Japanese: 痛い (ja) (いたい, itai), 痛みの伴う (いたみのともなう, itami no tomonau)
- Korean: 아프다 (ko) (apeuda)
- Macedonian: болен (bolen)
- Maori: tārū, tārūrū, hīrawerawe, pāwera, pāwerawera
- Mbyá Guaraní: axy
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: smertefull
- Nynorsk: smertefull
- Occitan: dolorós (oc)
- Polish: bolesny (pl)
- Portuguese: doloroso (pt), dolorido (pt)
- Romanian: dureros (ro)
- Russian: боле́зненный (ru) (boléznennyj), мучи́тельный (ru) (mučítelʹnyj) (causing grief, pain or sorrow), больно́й (ru) (bolʹnój) (sore)
- Sanskrit: दुःख (sa) (duḥkha)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: бо̑лан
- Roman: bȏlan (sh)
- Slovak: bolestivý, boľavý
- Slovene: boleč (sl)
- Spanish: doloroso (es)
- Swedish: smärtsam (sv)
- Tagalog: masakit
- Tausug: masakit
- Tocharian B: laklese
- Ukrainian: болю́чий (uk) (boljúčyj), бо́лісний (uk) (bólisnyj)
- Waray-Waray: maul-ul, masu-ol
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requiring labor or toil
- Bulgarian: тру́ден (bg) (trúden)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 吃力的 (chīlì de), 艱苦的/艰苦的 (jiānkǔ de)
- Dutch: moeizaam (nl), smartelijk (nl)
- Finnish: raskas (fi), rasittava (fi), työläs (fi)
- French: laborieux (fr)
- Greek: επίπονος (el) (epíponos)
- Hungarian: fáradságos (hu), nehéz (hu)
- Japanese: 苦しい (ja) (くるしい, kurushii), 困難な (ja) (こんなんな, konnan na); (figurative) 骨の折れる (ほねのおれる, hone no oreru)
- Latin: laboriosus
- Portuguese: árduo (pt), extenuante (pt)
- Russian: тяжёлый (ru) (tjažólyj), тя́гостный (ru) (tjágostnyj), тя́жкий (ru) (tjážkij)
- Spanish: please add this translation if you can
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Translations to be checked